SSS Mathematics for Class 12 1121

3D Geometry Worksheet

Angle between Lines:

® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
1. r = ( 3 i + j - 2 k ) + l( i - j - 2 k ) and r = ( 2 i - j - 5 k ) + m ( 3 i - 5 j - 4 k )
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ® ^ ^ ^ ^
2. r = ( 3 i - 4 j + 2 k ) + l( i + 3 k) and r = 5 i + m (- i + j + k )
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ® ^ ^ ^ ^
3. r = ( i - 2 j ) + l( 2 i - 2 j + k ) and r = 3 k + m( i + 2 j - 2 k )

Problems based on Collinearity

1. Show that the points A(2, 1, 3), B(5, 0, 5) and C(–4, 3, –1) are collinear.
2. Show that the points A(2, 3, –4), B(1, –2, 3) and C(3, 8, –11) are collinear.
[CBSE 2006]

3. Find the value of l for which the points A(2, 5, 1), B(1, 2, –1) and C( 3 , l , 3)
are collinear.
4. Find the values of l and m so that the points A(3, 2, –4), B(9, 8, –10) and
C( l , m , - 6) are collinear.
5. Find the values of l and m so that the points A( -1, 4, - 2), B( l , m , 1) and
C( 0, 2, - 1) are collinear.
^ ^
6. The position vectors of three points A , B and C are (-4 i + 2 j - 3 k),
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
( i + 3 j - 2 k ) and ( -9 i + j - 4 k) respectively. Show that the points A , B
and C are collinear.

Equation of Straight line in Space

1. A line passes through the point (3, 4, 5) and is parallel to the vector
^ ^ ^
( 2 i + 2 j - 3 k ). Find the equations of the line in the vector as well as
Cartesian forms.
2. A line passes through the point (2, 1, –3) and is parallel to the vector
^ ^ ^
( i - 2 j + 3 k ). Find the equations of the line in vector and Cartesian forms.
 SSS Mathematics for Class 12 1122

3. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point with
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
position vector ( 2 i + j - 5 k ) and parallel to the vector ( i + 3 j - k ). Deduce
the Cartesian equations of the line.
^ ^ ^
4. A line is drawn in the direction of ( i + j - 2 k ) and it passes through a point
^ ^ ^
with position vector ( 2 i - j - 4 k ). Find the equations of the line in the
vector as well as Cartesian forms.
5. The Cartesian equations of a line are
x-3 y+2 z-6
= = ×
2 -5 4
Find the vector equation of the line.
6. The Cartesian equations of a line are 3 x + 1 = 6y - 2 = 1 - z. Find the fixed
point through which it passes, its direction ratios and also its vector
equation. [CBSE 2004]

7. Find the Cartesian equations of the line which passes through the point
(1, 3 , - 2) and is parallel to the line given by
x+1 y-4 z+ 3
= = ×
3 5 -6
Also, find the vector form of the equations so obtained.
8. Find the equations of the line passing through the point (1, –2, 3)
x-6 y-2 z+7
and parallel to the line = = ×
3 -4 5
Also find the vector form of this equation so obtained.
9. Find the Cartesian and vector equations of a line which passes through the
point (1, 2, 3) and is parallel to the line
-x - 2 y + 3 2z - 6
= = × [CBSE 2004, ’07]
1 7 3
10. Find the equations of the line passing through the point (–1, 3, –2) and
x y z x + 2 y -1 z + 1
perpendicular to each of the lines = = and = = ×
1 2 3 -3 2 5
[CBSE 2005, ’12]
11. Find the Cartesian and vector equations of the line passing through the
point (1, 2, –4) and perpendicular to each of the lines
x - 8 y + 19 z - 10 x - 15 y + 29 z - 5
= = and = = × [CBSE 2012]
8 -16 7 3 8 -5
12. Prove that the lines
x-4 y+ 3 z+1 x - 1 y + 1 z + 10
= = and = =
1 -4 7 2 -3 8
intersect each other and find the point of their intersection.
 SSS Mathematics for Class 12 1123

13. Show that the lines

x -1 y - 2 z - 3 x - 4 y -1
= = and = =z [CBSE 2004, ’05]
2 3 4 5 2
intersect each other. Also, find the point of their intersection.
14. Show that the lines
x -1 y + 1 x+1 y-2
= = z and = , z=2
2 3 5 1
do not intersect each other.
15. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
(1, 2, 3) to the line
x - 6 y -7 z -7
= = × [CBSE 2003C]
3 2 -2
Also, find the length of the perpendicular from the given point to the line.
16. Find the length and the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
( 2, - 1, 5) to the line
x - 11 y + 2 z + 8
= = × [CBSE 2008, ‘09C]
10 -4 -11
17. Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the line passing through the
points A(3, 4, –6) and B(5, –2, 7).
18. Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the line passing through the
points A(2, –3, 0) and B(–2, 4, 3).
19. Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the line joining the points
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
whose position vectors are ( i - 2 j + k ) and ( i + 3 j - 2 k ).
20. Find the vector equation of a line passing through the point A( 3 , - 2, 1)
and parallel to the line joining the points B( -2, 4, 2) and C( 2, 3 , 3). Also,
find the Cartesian equations of the line.
21. Find the vector equation of a line passing through the point having the
^ ^ ^
position vector ( i + 2 j - 3 k ) and parallel to the line joining the points
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
with position vectors ( i - j + 5 k ) and ( 2 i + 3 j - 4 k ). Also, find the
Cartesian equivalents of this equation.
22. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
A(1, 2, 1) to the line joining the points B(1, 4, 6) and C(5, 4, 4).
23. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point
A(1, 8, 4) to the line joining the points B( 0, - 1, 3) and C( 2, - 3 , - 1).
[CBSE 2005]
x + 3 y -1 z + 4
24. Find the image of the point (0, 2, 3) in the line = = ×
5 2 3
x -1 y - 2 z - 3
25. Find the image of the point (5, 9, 3) in the line = = ×
2 3 4
 SSS Mathematics for Class 12 1124

26. Find the image of the point (2, –1, 5) in the line
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r = (11 i - 2 j - 8 k ) + l (10 i - 4 j - 11 k ).
ANSWERS

® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ y - 4 z -5
^ x 3
1. r = ( 3 i + 4 j + 5 k ) + l( 2 i + 2 j - 3 k ), = =
2 2 -3
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x - 2 y -1 z + 3
2. r = ( 2 i + j - 3 k ) + l( i - 2 j + 3 k ), = =
1 -2 3
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x - 2 y -1 z + 5
3. r = ( 2 i + j - 5 k ) + l( i + 3 j - k ), = =
1 3 -1
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x-2 y+1 z-4
4. r = ( 2 i - j + 4 k ) + l( i + j - 2 k ), = =
1 1 -2
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
5. r = ( 3 i - 2 j + 6 k ) + l( 2 i - 5 j + 4 k )
æ -1 1 ö ® æ -1 ^ 1 ^ ^ö ^ ^ ^
6. ç , , 1÷ , d.r.’s are ( 2, 1, - 6), r = çç i + j + k ÷÷ + l( 2 i + j - 6 k )
è 3 3 ø è 3 3 ø
x -1 y - 3 z + 2 ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
7. = = , r = ( i + 3 j - 2 k ) + l( 3 i + 5 j - 6 k )
3 5 -6
x -1 y+ 2 z- 3 ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
8. = = , r = ( i - 2 j + 3 k ) + l( 3 i - 4 j + 5 k )
3 -4 5
x -1 y-2 z- 3 ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
9. = = , r = ( i + 2 j + 3 k ) + l( -2 i + 14 j + 3 k )
-2 14 3
x +1 y-3 z+ 2 ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
10. = = , r = ( - i + 3 j - 2 k ) + l( 2 i - 7 j + 4 k )
2 -7 4
x -1 y - 2 z + 4 ® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
11. = = , r = ( i + 2 j - 4 k ) + l( 2 i + 3 j + 6 k )
2 3 6
12. (5, –7, 6) 13. (–1, –1, –1)
15. (3, 5, 9), 7 units 16. 14 units, (1, 2, 3)
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x- 3 y-4 z+ 6
17. r = ( 3 i + 4 j - 6 k ) + l( 2 i - 6 j + 13 k ), = =
2 -6 13
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x-2 y+ 3 z
18. r = ( 2 i - 3 j ) + l( -4 i + 7 j + 3 k ), = =
-4 7 3
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x -1 y + 2 z -1
19. r = ( i - 2 j + k ) + l(5 j - 3 k ), = =
0 5 -3
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x - 3 y + 2 z -1
20. r = ( 3 i - 2 j + k ) + l( 4 i - j + k ), = =
4 1 1
® ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ x -1 y - 2 z + 3
21. r = ( i + 2 j - 3 k ) + l( i + 4 j - 9 k ), = =
1 4 -9
æ -5 2 19 ö
22. (3, 4, 5) 23. ç , , ÷ 24. (4, 4, –5)
è 3 3 3ø
25. (1, 1, 11) 26. (0, 5, 1)