LAB I
TITLE: IDENTIFY VARIOUS BASIC PART OF THE PC
AIM/OBJ: To be able to identify the basic part of the PC
REQUIREMENT: A complete PC set with UPS, Power Supply
THEORY:
A personal computer (PC) is a digital device designed for personal purposes, such as working, studying,
gaming, and browsing the internet. A typical PC consists of several hardware components, such as a
motherboard, processor, memory, storage, and input/output devices, such as a monitor, keyboard, and
mouse
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Turn off the power supply
2. Unplug the power cable from the CPU and Monitor
3. Identify the monitor and the function of the ports and screen
4. Identify the keyboard and the function of the keys
5. Identify the mouse and the role of the buttons
6. Identify the CPU, and analyze to identify the buttons and ports around the case
7. Identify the UPS
8. Reinstall the power cables
LAB II
TITLE: DIAGNOSING AND TROUBLESHOOTING A PC
AIM/OBJ: To be able to identify PC faults
To be able to Resolve PC faults encountered
REQUIREMENT: A faulty PC, Power supply, Screw driver set
THEORY:
Diagnosing is the process of identifying the cause of a problem, while troubleshooting is the process of
finding a solution to a problem. Both processes are important in ensuring that computer problems are
resolved effectively.
DIAGONOSE
1. Check that the cables and components are properly
connected.
This is especially important if you recently upgraded your computer. Open
your computer and make sure that all the cables, RAM chips, the video card,
sound card, network card, and other components are all securely attached to
the motherboard.
1.
2. Check the POST. POST stands for "Power On Self Test". This is part of a
computer's startup program that is used to diagnose the keyboard,
random access memory (RAM), disk drives and other hardware to make
sure they are working properly. If the POST detects any errors in the
hardware, it will either display a text error message on the screen or a
series of short and long beeps.
If an error message appears as you boot your computer,
type the exact error message into a Google search to
find more information about the error. Use your mobile
phone or another computer, if needed. If you hear a
series of beeps as your computer starts up, make a note
of the pattern and
visit https://www.computerhope.com/beep.htm to see
what error the pattern indicates.[2]
3.
3. Check the load time of the operating system.
The time it takes for an operating system to load when a computer
boots up greatly depends on the hardware of the computer is running.
If you notice your operating system takes significantly longer to load
than it used to, this may indicate a problem with your hard drive that is
preventing your computer from retrieving information from your hard
drive.
4.
4. Check for any graphics problems. If your computer is able to boot
properly, but you notice graphics problems, this may indicate driver
failures or hardware failures with graphics cards. If you suspect there
might be a problem with your graphics card, you should first update
your graphics card drivers. If the problem still persists, you can
download software to test your graphics card.
5.
5. Check for hardware problems. Many computer problems are
caused by hardware failures or problems with hardware drivers.
Windows will usually notify you about devices that have a problem.
You can also use Device Manager to check the status of different
hardware devices. Double-click a category in the Device Manager to
display all devices in that category. Then double-click a specific device.
Any errors with the device will be displayed in the "Device Status" box
under the "General" tab. Check all devices. Use the following steps to
open the Device Manager:
Click the Windows Start menu in the lower-left corner.
Type C o n t r o l P a n e l .
Double-click the Control Panel in the Windows Start
menu.
Click Hardware and Sound.
Click Device Manager below "Devices and Printers".
6.
6. Check any newly installed software. Some software may require
more resources than the system can provide. Chances are that if a
problem begins after software starts, the software is causing it. If the
problem appears directly upon startup, it may be caused by software
that starts automatically on boot. Uninstall any recently installed
programs and see if the problem continues. You may also want to limit
the number of startup programs.
7.
7. Check the RAM and CPU consumption. If your computer is choppy
or running slow, it is good practice to see if a program is consuming
more resources than the computer can provide. An easy way to check
this is to use the Task Manager, right-click on the taskbar at the
bottom of the screen and click Task Manager. Click
the Processes tab. Click CPU to display a graph of the current CPU
usage. Click Memory to see a graph of the RAM consumption.
If your computer CPU graph is running at 80%-100%
most of the time, you may be able to upgrade your
computer processor.
If your computer is using too much memory, close all
unneeded programs and browser tabs and see if your
computer's performance improves. Limit the amount of
multi-tasking you do on your computer. If your computer
doesn't have enough memory to do basic operations,
some computers allow you to purchase and install more
RAM.
8.
8. Listen to the computer. If the hard drive is scratching or making
loud noises, shut off the computer and have a professional diagnose
the hard drive. Also, listen to the CPU fan. If the fan is blowing hard,
this could mean that your CPU is getting too hot because it is working
too hard.
If you suspect you have a damaged hard drive, be sure
to backup all important data from the drive immediately
and shutdown your computer. Each time you boot up a
computer with a damaged hard drive, it will damage the
hard drive further. If you are unable to backup your data,
remove your hard drive and take it to a professional for
data recovery.
9.
9. Run a virus and malware scan. Performance problems can be
caused by malware on the computer. Running a virus scan can unearth
any problems. Use a trusted antivirus program that is frequently
updated, such as Norton, McAfee, or Malwarebytes. [3]
10.
10. Check for the problem in safe mode. As a last-ditch effort,
check the problem in safe mode. If the problem persists in safe mode,
it is a fair bet that the operating system itself is to blame. You may
need to Reinstall Windows.
TROUBLESHOOT
Identify the problem
Establish a theory of probable cause
Test the theory to determine the cause
Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential
effects
Implement the solution or escalate as necessary
Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive
measures
Document findings, actions, outcomes and lessons learned
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURES:
DIAGNOSIS:
1. connect faulty PC to power supply
2. press the power button on the CPU
3. observe the booting process and sound of the CPU
4. Then Troubleshoot
TROUBLESHOOT:
Identify the problem
Establish a theory of probable cause
Test the theory to determine the cause
Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential
effects
Implement the solution or escalate as necessary
Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive
measures
Document findings, actions, outcomes and lessons learned
LAB III
TITLE: DISASSEMBLING A PC
AIM/OBJ: To be able to dismantle a PC
REQUIREMENT: A Complete Working PC, Power supply, Screw driver set
THEORY:
to disassemble is to break down a device into separate parts. A device may be disassembled to help
determine a problem, to replace a part, or take the parts and use them in another device or sell them
individually
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Shut down PC and turn off power supply
2. Unplug power cables from the CPU and monitor
3. Unplug the VGAs
4. Unplug the mouse and keyboard
5. Use the screw driver to loosen the screws by anti-clockwise movement
6. Open the case cover
7. Uninstall the hard disk by removing the power cable and data cable
8. Uninstall the RAM by unclipping from the RAM slot
LAB IV
TITLE: ASSEMBLING A PC
AIM/OBJ: To be able to Reassemble a PC
REQUIREMENT: A Dismantled PC, Power supply, Screw driver set
THEORY:
is a process in which all the internal components of the computer system are fitted to make the
computer functional. The main component involves CPU, motherboard, memory, disk drives, etc. There
is a proper process of attachment and installation of each and every component.
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURES:
1. Start by installing the RAM in the CPU
2. Install the hard drive
3. Install the cover case
4. Tighten the loosen screws
5. Install VGAs
6. Install Mouse and Keyboard
7. Install Power cables to the CPU and Monitor
8. Install power supply
9. Switch on power cable to turn on the PC
10. TO check functionality
LAB V
TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMING WITH QBASIC
AIM/OBJ: To be able to understand the basics of programing using QBasic
REQUIREMENT: Power Supply, PC with QBasic IDE
THEORY:
Quick Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code would be the official name of QBasic. This has
been utilised in computing and programming languages all over the world. Quick Beginner's All-Purpose
Symbolic Instruction Code (QBasic) is a Microsoft-designed variation of the popular BASIC coding
language.
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURES:
1. Type qb at the DOS prompt. The QuickBASIC screen appears.
2. Press ENTER to display essential information about the QuickBASIC environment. You can use PGUP
and PGDN to move around in this text.
3.Press ESC to clear this information from the screen
PRECAUTIONS:
1. I ensured I was running on the appropriate windows environment
2. I ensured I inputted the right codes
3. I ensured I was using the appropriate programing IDE
OBSERVATIONS:
1. I observed the code only works for QBasic IDE
2. I observed that Qbasic runs in MS Dos
3. I observed that ESC key clears the QBasic IDE Screen
CONCLUSION:
At the end of the lab I was able to understand the working process of QBasic.
LAB VI
TITLE: THE MENU BAR
AIM/OBJ: To be able to understand the basics of The Menu Bar
REQUIREMENT: Power Supply, PC with QBasic IDE
THEORY:
The menus on the menu bar at the top of the QuickBASIC screen contain the QuickBASIC environment
commands; New Program, Open Program, Save As, Print and Exit
DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURES:
1. Type qb at the DOS prompt. The QuickBASIC screen appears.
2. Press ENTER to display essential information about the QuickBASIC environment. You can use PGUP
and PGDN to move around in this text.
3.Press ESC to clear this information from the screen
PRECAUTIONS:
1. I ensured I was running on the appropriate windows environment
2. I ensured I inputted the right codes
3. I ensured I was using the appropriate programing IDE
OBSERVATIONS:
1. I observed that QBasic Menu is different from the other menu options from other applications
2. I observed that when qb is inputted the QBasic screen appears
3. I observed that ENTER displays information about QBasic IDE
CONCLUSION:
I was able to understand the working options of the Menu and its sub options
