UNIT 5 SHAPE AND SPACE 5 341
2
b (i) Translate triangle P by vector .
7
4
(ii) Translate this new triangle by vector . Label the image Q.
3
c Describe the translation of triangle P to triangle Q, using a single vector.
2 3
3▶ a A shape is translated by vector followed by a translation by vector .
3 1
What is the resultant vector (single vector that performs the translation in one step)?
3 1
b The resultant of two vectors is . The first vector is . What is the second vector?
4 2
3 1
4▶ a A shape is translated by vector followed by a translation by vector .
4 3
What is the resultant vector?
a c
b What is the resultant vector for a translation of followed by a translation of ?
b d
Explain your answer.
1
5▶ Point Q (1, 2) is the image of point P after it has been translated by vector ,
2
5
then vector . Find the coordinates of P.
3
REFLECTIONS AND ROTATIONS
Reflections and rotations are two other types of
transformations.
In reflections and rotations, the lengths of the sides of
the shape and the angles do not change, so the object
and the image are said to be congruent.
EXAMPLE 1 SKILL: REASONING Trace the shape.
Describe the rotation y y y
6 6 6
that takes shape A 5 5 5
onto shape B. 4 4 4
3 3 3
A A A
Rotation anti-clockwise 2 2 2
1 1 1
90° about (1, −1) B B B
24232221 0 1 2 3 4 x 24232221 0 1 2 3 4 x 10
24232221 1 2 3 4 x
21 21
1 21
21
(Always give the
22 22 22
2
direction, angle and 23 23 23
centre of rotation.)
Rotate the tracing paper about a fixed point
with your pencil. Repeat for different positions
until your tracing ends up on top of the image.
