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Mathematical Modelling & Proportionality Tutorial

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107 views1 page

Mathematical Modelling & Proportionality Tutorial

tuts

Uploaded by

Okay WhoisLontrell
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1 pages – page 1

APPM 172 Mathematical Modelling and Vector Algebra Tutorial 1

Lecturer: Tshepang Patose

1. Write the definition of a mathematical model.

2. Name the six steps of the mathematical modelling process.

3. Shortly discuss each of the steps.

4. What can we derive from each of the corresponding points x and y if y is directly
proportional to x?

5. Explain the meaning of the following proportionality argument and illustrate it


graphically:

 −2
f
w∝ u

6. Determine if the data set supports the stated proportionality model in each case:

(a) y ∝ x3
x 19 25 32 51 57 71 113 141 123 187 192 205 252 259 294
y 17 19 20 22 23 25 28 31 32 33 36 37 38 39 41

(a) d ∝ v 2
d 22 28 33 39 44 50 55 61 66 72 77
v 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

(a) y ∝ x2
y 4 11 22 35 56 80 107 140 175 215
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

7. Illustrate the proportionality y ∝ ex graphically using the given data and determine
the proportionality constant

y 6 15 42 114 311 845 2300 6250 17000 46255


x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

8. If a spring is stretched 0.012 m by a 60 N force, determine the distance the spring


will be stretched for each of the forces applied to the spring. Assume Hooke’s law,
which asserts that the distance stretched is proportional to the force applied.

(a) 45N
(b) 150N
(c) xN

Common questions

Powered by AI

The data set does not support the model y ∝ x^3, as plotting y against x^3 shows significant deviation from a straight line, implying the relationship is not cubic .

Using Hooke's law, with 60N causing a 0.012m stretch, a 150N force will stretch it 0.012m * 150/60 = 0.03m .

The six steps are: (1) Understand the problem, which involves identifying and comprehending the problem to model. (2) Formulate the model, where assumptions are made and equations are set up. (3) Solve the model using mathematical techniques. (4) Interpret the results and verify if they make sense in reality. (5) Validate the model by comparing predictions with actual data. (6) Refine the model to improve accuracy if necessary .

Using F ∝ d from Hooke's law, where F=60N results in d=0.012m, the general expression becomes d = (0.012m/60N) * xN = (0.0002)x for any force x .

A mathematical model is a representation of a real-world system using mathematical concepts and language to study its behavior and predict future outcomes .

Graphically illustrate y against e^x. If y is proportional to e^x, the plot should be a straight line, and the slope of this line is the proportionality constant. Comparing the values of y and e^x from the data confirms the relationship, revealing the constant .

If y is directly proportional to x, it can be derived that each value of y can be expressed as a constant multiple of the corresponding value of x. This means that for each pair of points (x, y), y/x is constant .

According to Hooke's law, F ∝ d. If 60N results in a stretch of 0.012m, then 45N will stretch it 0.012m * 45/60 = 0.009m .

The expression w ∝ f(u)^−2 indicates that w is inversely proportional to the square of f(u). Graphically, this suggests a plot where w decreases as f(u) increases, specifically quadratically. As f(u) grows, the rate of decrease in w reduces, producing a hyperbolic curve .

For y ∝ x^3 and y ∝ x^2, a successful fit is indicated by a straight line when plotting log(y) against log(x). For y ∝ e^x, a straight-line fit is achieved by plotting y against e^x. These linear plots confirm proportional relationships .

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