Regulations: R2021 Reg.
No: …………………
KPR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
Avinashi Road, Arasur, Coimbatore - 641 407.
B.E. / [Link]. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS NOV / DEC 2022
III Semester
Chemical Engineering
U21CH302 - Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers
Duration: Three Hours Maximum: 100 Marks
[Link]. PART – A (10 x 1 = 10 Marks) M CO
Answer All Questions
[Question type shall be Multiple choice]
1 The fluid property, due to which, mercury does not wet the glass is 1 CO1
A) viscosity B) surface tension
C) cohesion D) adhesion
2 A particle A of diameter 10 microns settles in an oil of specific gravity 0.9 and 1 CO1
viscosity 10 poise under Stoke's law. A particle B with diameter 20 microns settling
in the same oil will have a settling velocity.
A) same as that of A. B) one fourth as that of A.
C) twice as that of A. D) four times as that of A
3 The ratio of average fluid velocity to the maximum velocity in case of laminar flow 1 CO2
of a Newtonian fluid in a circular pipe is
A)0.5 B)1.0
C)2 D)0.66
4 Manometers measure the __________ pressure. 1 CO2
A) vacuum as well as the atmospheric B) difference in
C) absolute D) gauge
5 The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe varies 1 CO3
A) as velocity B) as (velocity)^2
C) inversely as the square of diameter D) inversely as the velocity
6 Boundary layer separation occurs when the 1 CO3
A) pressure reaches a minimum. B) cross-section of the channel is reduced
C) valve is closed in a pipeline D) velocity of sound is reached
7 Most commonly used joint in the underground pipe lines is the 1 CO4
A) sleeve joint B) coupling
C) flange D) expansion joint
8 The Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) of a centrifugal pump is defined as the sum 1 CO4
of the velocity head and the pressure head at the
A) discharge B) suction
C) suction minus vapor pressure of the liquid at suction temperature
D) discharge minus vapor pressure of the liquid at the discharge temperature
9 Lower BWG means __________ of the tube. 1 CO5
A) lower thickness B) lower cross-section
C) outer diameter D) inner diameter
10 The dimension of dynamic viscosity is 1 CO5
A) ML-1T-1 B) L2T-1
C) LT-1 D) L2T
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[Link]. PART – B (10 x 2 = 20 Marks) M CO
Answer All Questions
11 Define specific weight. 2 CO1
12 Find the velocity of a fluid through the circular pipe having diameter 15 cm with a 2 CO1
volumetric flow 5 m3/s .
13 When do you prefer inclined manometers? 2 CO2
14 Mention the application of Moody diagram. 2 CO2
15 What do you mean by Boundary layer thickness? 2 CO3
16 Distinguish major and minor losses. 2 CO3
17 State the purpose of an air vessel fitted in the pump? 2 CO4
18 What is the Mean Velocity of Single acting reciprocating pump? 2 CO4
19 Define the terms geometric and dynamic similarity. 2 CO5
20 Mention the principle of dimensional homogeneity. Mention its significance. 2 CO5
[Link]. PART – C (5 x 14 = 70 Marks) M CO
Answer All Questions
21 a) i. Explain in detail the classification of fluids and give the corresponding 8 CO1
mathematical expressions used for describing the non Newtonian fluid
behavior.
ii. Sketch the velocity distribution and shear stress distribution across a section of 6 CO1
the pipe.
(Or)
21 b) i. The velocity distribution for flow over a flat parallel plate is given by (3/2y-y3/2) 8 CO1
where u is the point velocity in m/s at a distance y m above the plate.
Determine the shear stress at y=18 cm. assume dynamic viscosity as 10 poise.
ii. 1 litre of crude oil weight 9.9 N. Calculate its specific weight, density and its 6 CO1
specific volume.
22 a) i. Derive Bernoulli’s equation for an incompressible fluid flowing in a pipe under 8 CO2
steady state conditions. How this equation is used to calculate the pump work?
ii. Give some applications of Bernoulli’s equation. 6 CO2
(Or)
22 b) i. A U Tube differential Manometer connects two pressures pipes A and B 7 CO2
contains carbon tetrachloride having a specific gravity 1.594 under a pressure
of 11.772 N/cm2 and pipe B contains oil of specific gravity under a pressure of
[Link] pipe a lies 2.5 cm above pipe B. Find the difference of pressure
measured by mercury as fluid filling U-tube.
ii. From fundamentals, derive equation of motion. Mention its significance. 7 CO2
23 a) i. Write short notes on losses in pipe. 7 CO3
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ii. From the first principle, derive Hagen-Poisueille equation. Write its 7 CO3
significance.
(Or)
23 b) i. A pipe line, 19 km long, supplies 44 million litres of water per day to city. The 7 CO3
first 8 km length of the pipe is of 0.8 cm diameter and the remaining part is 80
cm. diameter pipes. If the water to the city is to be supplied as a residual head
of 17 m of water calculate the supply head at the inlet end. Neglect minor
losses and assume f = 0.026 for the entire pipeline.
ii. Sketch the hydraulic gradient for the pipe line. 7 CO3
24 a) i. Enumerate the factors that should be considered while selecting a pump for 6 CO4
particular operation
ii. A bed containing 35000 kg of sand particles (Dp=0.16mm) is to be fluidized with 8 CO4
air at 400 oC and 20 kg/cm2 pressure in a cylindrical vessel of 3m in diameter.
the density of sand particles is 2.7 gm/cc. The viscosity of air at operating
conditions is 0.032 cP.
Calculate (i) minimum height of the fluidized (ii) pressure drop in the fluidized
bed. (iii) critical superficial velocity assuming ε m = 0.55.
(Or)
24 b) i. Classify flow measurement meters. 6 CO4
ii. With a neat sketch, describe the principle and construction of any type of flow 8 CO4
measurement meters.
25 a) i. Explain the relationship between dimensional analysis and similitude. 8 CO5
ii. State Buckingham Pi theorem. 6 CO5
(Or)
25 b) i. Derive on the basis of dimensional analysis suitable parameters to present the 8 CO5
thrust developed by a propeller. Assume that the thrust P depends up on the
angular velocity ω , speed of advance V, diameter D, dynamic viscosity µ,mass
density ρ, elasticity of the fluid medium which can be denoted by the speed of
sound in the medium c.
ii. Write short notes on Rayleigh method. 6 CO5
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