Descriptive type questions

a. Define and differentiate between Hardware and Software.

Hardware Software

The physical components of the computer The programs needed to run or operate the
that we can see and touch computer systems
Examples include: mouse, printer, keyboard, Examples include:
LCD Windows OS, MS word, Linux, Norton
Hardware can be classified into: Antivirus
• Input, Output, System unit Software can be classified as:
• Communication devices, System storage System software, Application software

b. Describe the main components of Hardware.

Ans. Main components of hardware are:
Input: accepts input from the user and converts it into a form understandable by
computer, examples include keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.
Output: provides information to the user in an understandable format. Examples
include LCD, printer, speaker, etc.
System unit: contains all the interior parts of the computer such as motherboard, CPU,
expansion slots, memory, etc.

Communication devices: these enable the computer to send and receive data to or
from the user. For example network devices.
System storage: as the name suggests, these are the devices that store the data.
Examples include, HDD, SSD and external storage devices such as USB.

c. What do you understand by an operating system? Give two examples.

Ans. Operating system is a collection of programs that manages and controls the
computer and other applications installed in the computer. Examples include: Windows
OS, Android.

d. Identify two instances where LCD projectors are used.

Ans. LCD projector can be used:
a. In classroom to show images, video and other information to the entire class.
b. In trade-shows or business meetings to display information to larger
audiences.
e. Smart cards hold a great deal of personal information about an individual.
Examine the hazards of having so much information in one place.
Ans. Having all the information can be a huge security threat and can result in identity
theft i.e. stealing someone’s information and using it in a wrong way. If a users’ smart
card is compromised, the information can be stolen and can be misused against
the user.
f. What are the major tasks of system management software?
Ans. The system software helps with the following tasks:
a. Helps to manage the computer resources such as CPU and memory.
b. Provides an interface to the user to perform tasks seamlessly(flawless).
c. Helps to manage input and output functions of the computer.
g. List the characteristics of second generation computer.
Ans. Second generation computers had following features:
a. Used transistors
b. Smaller, cheaper and faster than first generation computers
c. Relied on punch card for inputs
d. Contained all the components that we see today in modern-day computers
h. What were the limitations of first generation computer?
Ans. Limitations of first generation computer
a. High power consumption
b. Low operating speed
c. Expensive to build
 d. Limited functionality; could solve one problem at a time
i. How have the advances in computer technology affected our modern day to day
lives?
Ans. The advances in computer have significantly impacted our lives in the following
ways:
a. The communication have become much faster. It is easier to reach out to
people.
b. Processes have become automated, which helps us perform tasks in a matter
of few hours.
c. With convenient access to information, it is easier to stay aware of things
happening around us.

j. Make a list of early calculating device? Do we still use any of them today?
Ans. Early calculating devices include:
a. Abacus – Most commonly this device is still in use in schools to teach kids
basic mathematical concepts of place value.
b. Napier bones – used to perform basic math calculations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division.
c. Pascaline – it was also used to perform math calculations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division.
Ans. K
L. In
Napier bones Pascaline

Numbers carved on bones or strips of wood. Rectangle box with movable wheels.

Used to perform basic math operations such Could perform addition, subtraction,
as addition, subtraction, multiplication and multiplication and division. Perform
division and find square root of a number. division up to hundreds and thousands.

fourth generation computers, what do you think was the biggest advantage for using
the microprocessor ? Justify your response.
Ans. Before microprocessors, computers were huge, expensive machines.
Microprocessors made the computers smaller, more efficient and affordable, that
could be used in homes and businesses. This led to a revolution in computing and
made computers available to a much wider audience.
m. Do you think that, in the future, artificial intelligence might replace teachers in
the classroom? Give reasons for your answer. for grade 6 students
Ans. No, I don't think so because AI can be a great tool to help with teaching, it can't
fully replace human interaction. Teachers provide important things like:
Emotional support, Personalized attention, Real-world experience and AI cannot do
these tasks.
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Application Based Questions
Q.5 Answer the following questions
1. Draw a table as shown below. Identify the following as hardware and
software and write them under the correct heading.

Software Hardware
Windows 10, antivirus, MS word, Barcode reader, card reader, USB drive,
photo editor hard drive, ports, expansion slots, braille
printer

2.
Ans.
a. Application software: Quick Heal
System software: Windows10
b. Operating system is first loaded when the computer is turned on.
3.
Ans.
a. First generation of computers
b. 1940-1958
c. Large size, small storage, expensive, processing power was slow.
4.
Ans.
a. Artificial Intelligence means the ability of the computer to simulate human-
like intelligence and perform tasks through decision making processes.
b. Fifth generation
5. Hania’s computer science teacher taught the students about the various
characteristics of computers. She told them that computers are versatile and
diligent.
 a. How can you say that computers are versatile
Computers are versatile because they can perform more than one type of task
at a time and have very high processing speed and accuracy of work.
b. What do you mean by diligence ? How can you say that the computers are
versatile.
Computers are diligent in the sense that they can perform same task over and
over again without getting tired or making mistake.
c. Mention any one of the characteristics of computers.
Speed: Computers can process information at incredibly high speeds.
Accuracy: They are highly accurate and can perform calculations without errors.
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Extra Question Answers
Q.1 What do you understand by production line arrangements.
Ans. Production line arrangements refer to the physical layout of workstations,
equipment, and materials within a computer manufacturing facility.
Q.2 Mention two advantages of ICT.
Ans.
o ICT can help to increase communication, efficiency and productivity in
business, education, and healthcare.
o ICT provides access to a vast amount of information through the internet.
Q.3 Mention any three applications that you use most on your mobile phone.
Ans. WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok, Facebook
Q4. What is QR code?
Ans. A QR code (Quick Response code) is a type of barcode that consists of black squares arranged
in a grid on a white background can store information, which can be read quickly by digital
devices like smartphones, scanners, or QR code readers.
Q5. Write about CPU.
Ans. A CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main component of a computer that performs most of
the
RAM(Random Access Memory) ROM(Read Only Memory) processing
tasks. It has
Volatile: temporarily stores data. Non-Volatile: permanently stores data.
three main
Stores instructions that is currently being Stores instructions permanently which
components
processed by the CPU. helps the computer to boot up.
Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU),Registers
Q6. Mention any two cloud storage devices.
Ans. Google Drive, Dropbox, Amazon S3
Q7. What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
Q8. Classification of computers by size.
Ans. Mobile Computer, Microcomputer, Minicomputer, Mainframe Computer, Supercomputer

Q.9 Briefly define Compiler, Interpreter and Assembler

Ans. Compiler: A compiler translates the whole high-level programming language (like C++, Java)
into a low-level language in one go
Interpreter: An interpreter also translates high-level code into machine code, but it does so
line by line. For example Basic Language
Assembler: An assembler translates assembly language (a low-level language that is closer to
machine code) into machine code. For example Assembly Language

Q.10 Complete the flowchart below

Ans. System Software:
Operating System(Windows), File Manager, Device Driver, Antivirus Software
Application Softwares:
Microsoft Word, Google Chrome
Q.11
Similarities between HDD and SSD
Both HDDs and SSDs are used to store data on a computer.
Both devices use electronic components to access and store data.
Differences between HDD and SSD
HDDs use mechanical components to store data.
SSDs use electronic components to store data.
SSDs generally offer much faster speed.
HDDs are slower in speed.
Q.12 Define the following terms
Computer:
 Definition: It is an electromechanical machine that can process information and perform tasks
based on a set of instructions.
Example: Your laptop or smartphone.

Data:
Definition: Raw facts and figures that are processed to produce information.
Example: A list of numbers representing sales figures.

Information:
Definition: Data that has been processed and organized to be meaningful.
Example: A graph showing the sales figures over time.

Input devices:
Definition: Devices that allow users to enter data into a computer.
Example: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone.

Output Devices:
Definition: Devices that allow a computer to display or present information.
Example: Monitor, printer, speakers, projector.

Cloud Storage:
Definition: A service that allows users to store data on remote servers over the internet, rather
than on their own devices.
Example: Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive.

Q. Write the full form of the following

● PC: Personal Computer IBM: International Business Machine

● ICT: Information and Communication Technology

● ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

● EDSAC: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator

● EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer

 ● UNIVAC: Universal Automatic Computer

● VLSIC: Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit

● MICR: Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

● OCR: Optical Character Recognition LCD: Liquid Crystal Display

● LED: Light Emitting Diode RAM: Random Access Memory

● ROM: Read-Only Memory CPU: Central Processing Unit

● ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit HDD: Hard Disk Drive

● SSD: Solid-State Drive OS: Operating System

● USB: Universal Serial Bus

Q. Write about the different types of Mobile Computers

Ans.
● Laptop: A portable computer with a built-in display, keyboard, and mouse.
● Notebook: Often used synonymously with laptop, but sometimes refers to a
smaller, more lightweight laptop.
● Ultrabook: A high-performance, thin, and light laptop with long battery life.
● Tablet: A portable computer with a touchscreen interface and no physical
keyboard.
● E-Book Reader: A device specifically designed for reading electronic books.
● Kindle: A popular brand of e-book reader manufactured by Amazon.
● Smartphone: A mobile phone with advanced features such as internet
connectivity, app capabilities, and a touchscreen.
● PDA (Personal Digital Assistant): A small, handheld computer often used for
scheduling, contact management, and note-taking.
● PMP (Portable Media Player): A device primarily used for playing digital audio
and video files.
● Carputer: A computer system installed in a car for various purposes, such as
navigation, entertainment, and vehicle diagnostics.