7 Permutations and Combinations Choose the correct option for the following [Link]. (Single Option Correct) 1. Ifn is a positive integer, then "Cy is equal to @n (s) 0 ©1 (d) None of these. 2. Ifn is a positive integer, then "P,, is equal to (an © ln 1 (@ None of these. 3. [0 is equal to i 1 (c) Notdefined (d) None of these. 4. =720"C,, then r= @ 4 (5 (© 6 @ 7. 5. If P, = 1680 and §C, = 70, then r= @ 3 (b) 4 © 5 (@ None of thiese. 6. If"C), = "Cg, then n is equal to f (@) 12 (®) 8 © 4 @ 20. 7. If -"C,="-"C,, then n= 3 ) (@ 2 () 3 (©) 4 (@ None of these. 8. "C,_242."C,_1 4 "C, = : @ "Cc, OG. ©", @ "C41. 9. 1f?C,-"C,= "Cg, then r= i @ 6 (6) 7 © 8 (d) None of these. 10. Which one of the following is incorrect? @ "C,="C,_,. ® ere, =", (0) "C,=""!C,_,+ "IC, @ "CRMC. + "yp 1. 1°C, —9Cz is equal to : (a) "Cy () Cs +) MCy (d) °C; 12. If"C, :"Cy=2: 1, then the value of n is (a) 8 (b) 7 (©) 6 @ 5 13. fC, #C,,, =" !Cy then x is equal to i @r @® r-1 © rt (d) None of these. } PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONSf a 16, amg, +m HE"Cy 3 "C, = 12: 1, then n= : (@) 4 () 5 (© 6 (d) None of these. Qn Tf" Ip, 22" Ip, = 3:5, then mis equal to (a) 3 (b) 4 () 5 (@) 6 ma Ha arr tsp/; Mec x "3p, then the values of 1 are: (a) 2and 1 (/) 3and6 = (@) Sand 11_—(d) 6 and 7. Uy The value of ('Cp + 7Cy) + CC, + 7Cz) + nee + Cg + 7C) is (@ 27-1 (b) 28-2 (©) 28-1 @ 2. 18. If8C, .6=3Cy,, ;, then the value of r is: @ 6 () 8 (© 10 (d 12. 19, IE"Cy + "Cy + "Cy + nes + "Cy = 256, then ?"C, is equal to (a) 56 () 120 (c) 28 @ 91. j 20. If [+2 =210|n—1, then » is equal to (@ 5 6 ©@7 (@ None of these. 21. If & + 4 =, then xis equal to is ‘ig bo (a) 100 (&) 90 (©) 170 (@) None of these. 22, If"P,="P,.., and"C,="C,_ 1, then (1, 7) is: @ (4,3) ® 42 © G2). @ None of these. _ 23. If" *"P, = 90 and "-"P, = 30, then (m, n) is, . (@) (8,2) (6) (9,2) (©) (16, 8) @ (7,3). 24, If"~!C, +" 1C, > "Cy, then n is greater than (@ 3 4 (7 @ 8. 25. If P,="'P, +6 x IP, then r is equal to @ 6 () 5 (7 (@) None of these. 26. ‘The number of diagonals of a hexagon is (a 3 (b) 6 whe 9 @ 12. 27. A polygon has 65 diagonals. The number of its sides is equal to @ 13 () 10 (© 22 @ 1. _® The number of parallelogram that can be formed trom a set of four parallel lines intersecting another set of three parallel lines is (@ 6 (9 (©) 12 (@ 18. 29. A student is to answer 10 out of 13 questions in an examination such that he must choose at least 4 from the first five questions. The number of choices available to him are . (a) 346 (6) 140 (c) 196 (@) 280. COMPETITION BOOSTER ~ MATHEMATICS [X!]: ? Vor 2u, oh G Ly uy oh 30, A lady gives a dinner party to six guests. The number of ways in which they may be selected from among ten frignds iCtwo of the friends will not attend the party together is a wanna pnetn/ ity (a) 112 (b) 140 (c) 164 _ @) NoneS 31. Atan election, a voter may vote for any number of candidates, not greater than the number to be elected. There are 10 candidates and 4 to be lected. If a voter votes for at east one candidate, then the number of ways in which he can vote is (@) 5040 (b) 6210 () 385 (d) 1110. Y ob 32._ There are three letter boxes in a locality. In kow Imany ways can a man drop five letters in them? w pv tel aoe ; (@) 3x5 (b) 3° © (@) *P3. 33. The number of all four-digit numbers is equal to “<7 Aes dow (@ 9999 (®) 9000 (©) 10¢ (a) None of thesd. 34. The number of all four-digit numbers with distinct digits is (a) 9000 (b) Py © 9x°P, (d) None of these. 35. Total number of words formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants taken from 4 vowels and 5 consonants is equal to le (a) 60 (b) 120 (c) 7200 (d) None of these. 36. The number of words that can be formed out of the letters of the word “COMMITTEE! is ts ub 9 a Vv 3 @ 9 © B © oe @ a Z S ewerve Y U 37,, The number of words that can be formed Eby’ arranging the letters of the word ‘ALGEBRA’ so that vowels and consonants alternate is ~/-“ }#) pte 3] Ata t sith Contoner35 (sy) (a) 2520 @® 144 (© 72 (@) None of these. 7 38. ‘The number of words that can be formed out of the leters ofthe word “ARTICLE” so that consonants occupy odd places is Wie +t By - (@ 574 -(b) 36 (©) 754 (@ 144, [ss a a 39. The number of different words ending and beginning with a consonant which ean’ bbe made out of the letters of the word ‘EQUATION’ is Rom=4yar4., (@) 5200 () 4320 (©) 1295 (@ 3000. XAXI 9 40. The number of ways in which the letters of the word ‘FRACTION’ can be arranged so that no two vowels are together is (a) 14400 (6) 16440 (c) 17330 (@) None of these. 41. The total number of arrangements which can be made out of the letters of the word ‘ALGEBRA’ without altering the relative positions of vowels and consonants is @ 7 @) Ts © 4*B @42. 44, ae Twelve students compete for a race, The number of ways in which first three prizes can be taken is 4 (a) [2 ~3 ® 12+B © B (d) 12.11. 10. + The number of signals that can be sent by 6 flags of different colours taking one or more at a time is given by (a) 63 (b) 1956 (c) 720 (d) None of these. A fruit basket contains 4 oranges, 5 apples and 6 mangoes. The number of ways a person can make a selection of fruits is (a) 210 (b) 209 (c) 208 (d) None of these. => b=24=|4 5 r=4, . Since 12 #8,n=12+8=20, - Since 4 #2,n?-n=4+2 => Wman-6=0 => (-3)m+2)=0 => n=3or-2 ~2 being not a given option, = 3. - Caution. Do'not reject — 2 because it is negative. When n = — 2, we have wW-n=4+2=6>0. 7 B.C, #22", HCA CC 9 HC, 1) + (°C, HC) : wotig.” derig, ante 9, %o,="eg+ Ho, Bong me! ge Sag eng) abby => r=Tors But 5 is not a given option, therefore, r = 7. 1, C=C, +°C, =, Her 8o,=9c,! sancti te = MD 4.3.21 ae) 2.1 n(n=n=2\n—3) > 7 goth? 2 aaa 2 => 6=n~sn+6 = n(n —5)=0 > n=0,5 Rejecting n = 0, we have n = 5, 134 coe ee eS7.6 21. 24. 25. 26. toa eee oe i 9 ho Multiplying throughout by [10 , we have 109410 x= 100. a = n-r n-r-! > -) Ln ln = Ele pa i|n—r+t ig eel ( n-r=l) 2 ea ae => r=2 n=3. mon, =90 => (m+ njm+n=1)=90 => xr-1)=90 where x=m +n => *-x-90=0 => (-10)x+9)=0 => x=100r-9 Rejecting - 9 since x= m+n #—9, we have m+n = 10 ea) wa(2) Similarly y= m-=6 Solving (1) and (2), m = MIC, + PIC > Cy => "Cy "Cy>1 => "Cy>"Cy n(n =IXn=2(n=3) + 3-2-1 [Link] * n(n—1in= 2) => n-3>4 on>T. 1 ee Ug ib 2p = "pe +6 x "Ps =) aor +6 16 r=6, 12-r=6 Ahexagon has 6 vertices, no three of which are collinear. Number of lines formed by joining them = C, = 15 which include 6 sides. Number of diagonals = 15 — 6 = 9. COMPETITION BOOSTER - MATHEMATICS [XI]21. 28. 29. 31. 37. 39, 40. 41. . Required number of words = 4C, x °C; x Let number of sides be n, then "C, ~ n= 65 => n=13 or ~10. Reject n =~ 10. A parallelogram is formed by choosing two straight lines from each set. Required number of ®™ = 4C, «5C, =6 #3 = 18. The student can choose (@ 4 out of first 5 and 6 out of remaining (13 — 5 =) 8 questions or (i) 5 out of first 5 and 5 out of remaining (13 - 5 =) 8 questions Required number of choices = °C, x °C, + °C, x *Cs = 5 «28 +1 56= 140 + 56 = 196. . Let X, Y be the friends who do not attend the party together. Number of other friends = 10 ~ 2 = 8. Number of friends to be invited = 6. ‘When one of X, Y attends the party, number of ways of inviting friends =7C, x °C, =2 x 56 = 112. ‘When none of X, Y attends the party, number of ways of inviting friends = Cy x 8Cg= 1 x 28 = 28, Total number of ways = 112 + 28 = 140. Voter can cast 1, 2, 3 or 4 votes. Therefore, the required number of ways =1C, +190, + Cy + WC, = 10 + 45 + 120 + 210 = 385. . Each of the 5 letters can be dropped in any of three letter boxes. Required number of ways = 3x3x3x3x3 =3°. Sines Words must begin with a consonant, ‘ B Required number of words = [4 * jp =24*3=72. Required number of words =P, x [6 . The word ‘FRACTION’ has 3 distinct vowels A, I, O and 5 distinct consonants F, R, C, T, N. If the consonants are arranged in the 5 places marked C and vowels are arranged in the 6 places marked X, then no two vowels will be together. *xCxCxCKCKCX Required number of arrangements = [5 * °P3 = 120 x 120 = 14400. ‘Three vowels A, E, A can be arranged in the Ist, 4th and 7th places (the places in B 2 L,G, B, R can be arranged in the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th places in [4 ways. which they occur in the word ‘ALGEBRA’) in ), ways and the four consonants 3 Required number of words = gE x [4 PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS 7.743. Required mumber of signals = §P, + §P, + 5P; + 5Py + Ps + Po. 44. The person can select 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 oranges; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 apples; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 mangoes. Thus he can deal with the three fruits in (4 + 1)(5 + 1) + 1) = 5X 6X 7=210, But this includes one way in which he makes no selection. Required number of selections = 210 — 1 = 209. Al 1. (0) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (ad) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d) il. (@) 12. @) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. @) 18. (d) 19. (6) 20. (a) 21. @ 22. (©) 23. (@), 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. () 31. (©) 32. (b) 33. (b) 34. (0) 35. (0) 36. (d) 37. () 38. (d) 39. (6) - 40. (a) 41. @ 42. (d) 43. () 44. (0). oo 7.8