Graphics processing technology has evolved to deliver unique
benefits in the world of computing. The latest graphics processing
units (GPUs) unlock new possibilities in gaming, content creation,
machine learning, and more.
What Does a GPU Do?
The graphics processing unit, or GPU, has become one of
the most important types of computing technology, both
for personal and business computing. Designed for parallel
processing, the GPU is used in a wide range of applications,
including graphics and video rendering. Although they’re
best known for their capabilities in gaming, GPUs are
becoming more popular for use in creative production and
artificial intelligence (AI).
GPUs were originally designed to accelerate the rendering
of 3D graphics. Over time, they became more flexible and
programmable, enhancing their capabilities. This allowed
graphics programmers to create more interesting visual
effects and realistic scenes with advanced lighting and
shadowing techniques. Other developers also began to tap
the power of GPUs to dramatically accelerate additional
workloads in high performance computing (HPC), deep
learning, and more.
GPU and CPU: Working Together
The GPU evolved as a complement to its close cousin, the
CPU (central processing unit). While CPUs have continued
to deliver performance increases through architectural
innovations, faster clock speeds, and the addition of cores,
GPUs are specifically designed to accelerate computer
graphics workloads. When shopping for a system, it can be
helpful to know the role of the CPU vs. GPU so you can
make the most of both.
GPU vs. Graphics Card: What’s the Difference?
While the terms GPU and graphics card (or video card) are
often used interchangeably, there is a subtle distinction
between these terms. Much like a motherboard contains a
CPU, a graphics card refers to an add-in board that
incorporates the GPU. This board also includes the raft of
components required to both allow the GPU to function and
connect to the rest of the system.
GPUs come in two basic types: integrated and discrete. An
integrated GPU does not come on its own separate card at
all and is instead embedded alongside the CPU. A discrete
GPU is a distinct chip that is mounted on its own circuit
board and is typically attached to a PCI Express slot.
Integrated Graphics Processing Unit
The majority of GPUs on the market are actually integrated
graphics. So, what are integrated graphics and how does it
work in your computer? A CPU that comes with a fully
integrated GPU on its motherboard allows for thinner and
lighter systems, reduced power consumption, and lower
system costs.
Intel® Graphics Technology, which includes Intel® Iris®
Xe graphics at the forefront of integrated graphics
technology. With Intel® Graphics, users can experience
immersive graphics in systems that run cooler and deliver
long battery life.
Discrete Graphics Processing Unit
Many computing applications can run well with integrated
GPUs. However, for more resource-intensive applications
with extensive performance demands, a discrete GPU
(sometimes called a dedicated graphics card) is better
suited to the job.
These GPUs add processing power at the cost of additional
energy consumption and heat creation. Discrete GPUs
generally require dedicated cooling for maximum
performance.
Today’s GPUs are more programmable than ever before,
allowing a broad range of applications that go beyond
traditional graphics rendering.
What Are GPUs Used For?
Two decades ago, GPUs were used primarily to accelerate
real-time 3D graphics applications, such as games.
However, as the 21st century began, computer scientists
realized that GPUs had the potential to solve some of the
world’s most difficult computing problems.
This realization gave rise to the general purpose GPU era.
Now, graphics technology is applied more extensively to an
increasingly wide set of problems. Today’s GPUs are more
programmable than ever before, affording them the
flexibility to accelerate a broad range of applications that
go well beyond traditional graphics rendering.
