A Lesson Plan in Mathematics 9
SY 2017-2018
Gonato, Merry Ann G. __ _February 1, 2018___
Student Teacher Date of Teaching
_ Mr. Sonny Chiu_____ 2:00 – 3:00
Student Teaching Mentor Time of Teaching
I. K-12 Expected Competencies
The learners apply the fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving
proportions.
II. Intended Learning Outcomes
Through discussion and illustrative examples, the Grade 9 students with at least 80%
accuracy are expected to:
a. discuss the fundamental theorems of proportionality in triangles;
b. determine if the line that cuts two sides of the triangle is parallel to the third side ; and
c. use the fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving
proportionality in triangles.
III. Content Details
A. Topic Title : Proportionality in Triangles
B. Math Concept :
Basic Proportionality Theorem- If a line intersects two sides of a triangle and is
parallel to the third side, then it divides the first two sides proportionally.
Converse of the Basic Proportionality Theorem- If a line cuts two sides of a
triangle in proportional segments, then the line is parallel to the third side.
Proportional Segments Theorem- If three parallel lines intersect two
transversals, then the segments intercepted on the transversals are
proportional.
C. Materials :
i. Conventional : Cartolina, calculator
ii. Non-Conventional : None
D. Reference :
D. 1 Local Authors
Dilao, Soledad J. and Quiming, Rommel S. (2013). Global Mathematics 8.
Quezon City, Philippines: The Library Publishing House, Inc., pp. 176-181
Rivera, Gemma and Flores, Alberto Jr. (2006). Math Essentials (Geometry).
Bulacan, Philippines: Victorious Publications, Inc., pp. 235-239
Bernabe, Julieta G., Dilao, Soledad J. and Quiming, Rommel S. Our World of
Math 9. Quezon City, Philippines: Vibal Publishing House, Inc, pp 183-190
Chua, Simon L. D.T., et.al. (2015). Soaring 21st Century Mathematics Grade 9.
927 Quezon Ave., Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., pp. 255-261.
D. 2 Foreign Authors
Larson, Ronald E., Boswell, Laurie and Stiff, Lee (1995). Geometry An
Integrated Approach.California, USA:D.S. Health and Company, pp. 406-411
McKeague, Charles P. (2010). Intermediate Algebra: A Text/Workbook. 10
Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA. Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning
Inc., pp. 125-131.
Jurgensen, Ray C., Brown, Richard G. and Jurgensen, John W. (1990).
Geometry. 222 Berkeley Street, Boston USA: Houghton Mifflin Company, pp.
269-273.
D. 3 Internet Sources
Pierce, Rod. "Proportionality Theorem" Math Is Fun. Retrieved from
http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/propotionality-theorem.html.
Retrieved on January 18, 2018.
Stapel, Elizabeth. “Proportionality Theorem”. Retrieved from
http://www.purplemath.com/modules/proportionality-theorem.htm.
Retrieved on January 18, 2018.
E. Methodology : 3P’s
IV. Learning Opportunities
A. Preparation
The teacher reviews the topic on similar triangles and asks the following questions:
a) Imagine a picture of yourself in a 3r wallet size, if you enlarge the picture, does
the picture similar to the original one?
b) When can we say that two triangles are similar?
Please seat back and relax as we continue exploring the wonders of Math in
“proportionality in triangles”.
B. Presentation
Basic Proportionality Theorem
If a line intersects two sides of a triangle and is parallel to the third side, then it divides
the first two sides proportionally.
Given: ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Prove:
Informal Proof:
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Given
Corresponding Angle Postulate Segment Addition Postulate
AAA Similarity Postulate
Definition of similar polygons
By Substitution
By Division
Addition Property of Equality
Two Column Proof:
Statements Reasons
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 1. Given
2. Corresponding Angle Postulate
3. AAA Similarity Postulate
4. 4. Definition of similar polygons
5. Segment Addition Postulate
6. By Substitution
7. By Division
8. Addition Property of Equality
Illustrative Example:
1. In triangle MVR, line NE is parallel to RV. If MN= 5, NR= 10, and MV= 18, find ME.
Solution:
By Basic Proportionality Theorem,
15x = 90
X = 6 , therefore ME= 6.
2. Find the value of x.
Solution:
( ) ( )
Converse of the Basic Proportionality Theorem
If a line cuts two sides of a triangle in proportional segments, then the line is
parallel to the third side.
Given:
Prove: ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Informal Proof:
Given
Reflexive Property
Addition Property of Equality Segment Addition Postulate
Substitution
SAS Similarity Theorem
CPCTC
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Converse of Corresponding Angle Postulate
Two Column Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Given
2. Addition Property of Equality
3. Segment Addition Postulate
4. Substitution
5. Reflexive Property
6. SAS Similarity Theorem
7. CPCTC
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 8. Converse of Corresponding Angle Postulate
Illustrative Example:
a. In triangle ABC, CD=6, DA= 5, CE = 12, and EB = 10. Is ⃡ is parallel to ̅̅̅̅ ?
Solution:
Since , therefore, ⃡ divides two sides
of ABC, ̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅ , proportionally; and ⃡
must be parallel to the third side, ̅̅̅̅.
b. Given: EA= 14, EN=5, ET= x-5, TO = x+3. Find the value of x that would make
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Solution:
We use converse of basic
proportionality theorem. For ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ , we
must have the proportion .
( ) ( )
Proportional Segments Theorem
If three or more parallel lines are cut by two or more transversals, then the segments cut
off along he transversals are proportional.
Given: ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Prove:
Informal Proof:
⃡ ⃡ ⃡
Given
Draw ̅̅̅̅
Two distinct points determine a line
Let G be the point of intersection of ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Two intersecting lines have exactly one point.
Basic Proportionality Theorem
Transitive Property of Equality
Two Column Proof:
Statements Reasons
⃡ ⃡ ⃡ 1. Given
2. Draw ̅̅̅̅ 2. Two distinct points determine a line
3. Let G be the point of intersection of 3. Two intersecting lines have exactly one
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ point.
4. Basic Proportionality Theorem
5. Transitive Property of Equality
Illustrative Example:
Given: ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
MN= x+3 , QR= 2x , NO= 3 , RS= 2.
Find the value of x.
Solution:
By proportional segments theorem,
2x = 3
X = 3/2
C. Practice
Answer Warm – up Practice A and Power Plus A page 259 &260 on their book.
A. Use the figure in the right to complete each statement.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Answers:
1. EF
2. BC
3. AB
4. DE
B. Find the value of x.
1. 2.
3. 4.
Answers:
1. x = 2
2. x= 10
3. x= 3.2
4. X= 12
C. Provide the missing statement or reason.
Given: ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
Prove:
Statements Reasons
1. ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 1.
2. 2. Line Postulate
3. Let N be the point of Intersection of XT 3.
and SY
4. 4. Basic Proportionality Theorem
5. 5.
Answers:
Statements Reasons
1. ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 1. Given
2.Draw line TX 2. Line Postulate
3. Let N be the point of Intersection of XT 3. Two intersecting lines have exactly one
and SY point in common
4. 4. Basic Proportionality Theorem
5. 5. Transitive Property of Equality
V. Generalization
The teacher will ask the following questions:
1. On your own understanding, what is the definition basic proportionality theorem?
2. What is the relationship of the segments when three parallel lines are cut by two
transversal?
VI. Application
A. Use the figure to complete the following proportions.
Given: ⃡ ⃡ ⃡
Answer: EF
Answer: AD
Answer: EG
B. Determine whether or not PQ RS
Given:
1. PR = 3 2. QS = 12 3. PT = 30
RT = 9 ST = 36 RT = 24
QS = 4 PR = 15 QT = 20
ST = 12 RT = 45 ST = 18
Answer: Parallel Answer: Parallel Answer: Not Parallel
C. Find the value(s) of x and/or y.
1.
Answer:
X = 20
Y = 36
2.
Answer:
X = 24
3.
Answer: x= 10
D. Provide the missing statement or reason.
Given: ;
Prove:
Statements Reasons
1. 1.
2. 1 2.
3. 3. AA Similarity Postulate
4. 4.
5. 5. Segment Addition Postulate
6. 6.
7. 7.By Division
8.
Answer:
Statements Reasons
1. ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 1. Given
2. 1 2. Corresponding Angle Postulate
3. 3. AA Similarity Postulate
4. 4. Definition of Similar Polygon
5. 5. Segment Addition Postulate
6. 6. By Substitution
7. 7.By Division
8. 8. Addition Property of Equality
VII. Assignment
I. Use the figure to complete the following proportions.
Given: ⃡ ⃡ ⃡
II. Determine whether or not ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅.
Given: SEW
1. SE= 13.5
SI= 7.2
TE= 4.2
WT= 0
2. IE= 86.4
SE= 120
TE= 72
WE= 100
III. Find the values of x and y.
1.
2.
C. Prove.
Given: HA bisects
Prove:
Answers:
I. 1. AE
2. EF
II. 1. Not Parallel
2. Parallel
III. 1. x= 18; y= 8
2. x= 2
IV.
Statements Reasons
1. HA bisects 1. Given
2. Draw a line through E parallel to HA and let it 2. Parallel Postulate
meet SH at N
3. 3. Definition of Angle Bisector
4. 4. Corresponding angles of parallel lines cut by a
transversal are congruent.
5. 5. Alternate interior angles are congruent.
6. 6. Transitive Property of Equality
7. ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 7. Sides opposite two congruent angles of a
triangle are congruent.
8. ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ 8. Definition of congruent segments
9. 9. Basic Proportionality Theorem
10. 10. By substitution
