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Simple Rankine Cycle:........................................................................................................................3
Real Rankine cycle:..............................................................................................................................6
Rankine cycle with reheating....................................................................................................8
Regenerative Rankine cycletvo...............................................................................................................10
Simple Rankine cycle:
The turbine of a steam power plant operating in a simple ideal Rankine cycle
it produces 1,750 kW of power when the boiler operates at 800 psia, the condenser at 3 psia, and the
The temperature at the turbine inlet is 900 °F. Determine the heat supply rate in the
boiler, the heat rejection rate in the condenser and the thermal efficiency of the cycle
Assumptions 1 Stable operating conditions exist.
The changes in kinetic and potential energy are insignificant.
Analysis of the steam tables (Tables A-4E, A-5E, and A-6E),
Knowing the output power of the turbine, the mass flow rate of steam in the cycle is determined.
from
The rates of heat addition and rejection are
And the thermal efficiency of the cycle is
10-21 Consider a steam power plant that operates in a simple ideal Rankine cycle.
it will have a net power output of 45 MW. The steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500 °C and
it cools in the condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa by circulating water from
cooling of a lake by the condenser tubes at a rate of 2,000 kg/s. Show the cycle in
a T-s diagram with respect to the saturation lines and determine a) the thermal efficiency of
cycle, b) the mass flow of the vapor and c) the temperature rise of
cooling water.
1 There exist
conditions of
functioning
stable.
2 The changes of
kinetic energy and
potential sound
insignificant.
Analysis (a) Of the
steam tables
(Tables A-4, A-5 and
A-6)
The heat rejection rate to the cooling water and its temperature increase are
Rankine Cycle
real
10-22 Repeat problem 10-21 assuming an isentropic efficiency of 87 percent for both
the turbine as for the pump.
1 There are stable operating conditions.
The changes in kinetic and potential energy are insignificant.
Analysis (a) Of the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6)
The heat rejection rate to the cooling water and its temperature increase are
10-23 A simple Rankine cycle uses water as the working fluid. The boiler operates at 6,000 kPa and the
condenser at 50 kPa. At the inlet of the turbine, the temperature is 450 °C. The efficiency
isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 94 percent, the pressure and pump losses are negligible, and
the water that comes out of
capacitor is
subcooled at 6.3 °C. The
the boiler is designed for
a mass flow of 20 kg/s.
Determine the addition rate
of heat in the boiler, the
necessary power for
operate the pumps, the
net power produced
for the cycle, and the efficiency
thermal.
There are stable operating conditions.
2 The changes of
energy cinema y
potential son
insignificant.
Analysis of the tables of
vapor (Tables A-4, A-5 and
A-6)
Rankine cycle with reheating
10-40 A steam thermoelectric plant operates in an ideal Rankine cycle with
reheating between the pressure limits of 15 MPa and 10 kPa. The mass flow of steam through
the cycle is 12 kg/s. The steam enters both stages of the turbine at 500 °C. If the content of
the steam humidity at the output of the low-pressure turbine should not exceed 10 percent,
determine the pressure at which reheating takes place
to the boiler and c) the thermal efficiency of the cycle. Also, show the cycle in a T-s diagram with
regarding the saturation lines.
1 There are stable operating conditions.
The changes in kinetic and potential energy are insignificant.
Analysis (a) Of the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6)
The heat supply rate is
The efficiency thermal himself
determines from
A steam thermoelectric power plant operates in the Rankine cycle with reheating.
The steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 12.5 MPa and 550 °C, at a rate of 7.7 kg/s and exits at 2 MPa.
The steam is then reheated at constant pressure to 450 °C before expanding in the low-pressure turbine.
pressure. The isentropic efficiencies of the turbine and the pump are 85 percent and 90 percent,
respectively. The vapor exits the condenser as saturated liquid. If the content of
The vapor humidity at the turbine outlet should not exceed 5 percent, determine a) the pressure
a) of the condenser, b) the net power generation, and c) the thermal efficiency.
There are stable operating conditions.
The changes in kinetic and potential energy are
insignificant.
Analysis (a) Of the tables
of steam (Tables A-4, A-5
y A-6),
The pressure in the
state 6 it can
to determine oneself
by means of a
testing method
table error
of vapor o
using EES
from the above.
Regenerative Rankine Cycle
10-53 Consider a steam thermoelectric power plant of
water that operates in the ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with
a closed feed water heater as shown in the figure. The plant maintains
the entry to the turbine at 3,000 kPa and 350 °C, and the condenser operates at 20 kPa. Steam is extracted at
1,000 kPa for the closed water supply heater service, which discharges into a
Condenser after being choked at the pressure of the condenser. Calculate the work that
produce the turbine, the work consumed by the pump and the
supply
of heat in
the boiler
for this
cycle, for
unit of
flow in the
caldera.
1 There are stable operating conditions.
The changes in kinetic and potential energy are insignificant.
Analysis of the steam tables (Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6)
For an ideal closed feedwater heater, the feedwater is heated to
outlet temperature of the extracted steam, which ideally leaves the heater as a liquid
saturated to the extraction pressure.
An energy balance in the heat exchanger gives the fraction of vapor extracted from the turbine.
( to close the water supply heater:
Regenerative Rankine cycle with
reheating
A steam thermoelectric power plant operates in the
regenerative Rankine cycle with reheating with a
closed feed water heater. The steam
enters the turbine at 8 MPa and 500 °C at a rate of 15 kg/s and
Condenses in the condenser at a pressure of 20 kPa. The vapor is reheated to 3 MPa at 500 °C. Something
steam is extracted from the low-pressure turbine at 1.0 MPa, it is completely condensed in the
closed water feed heater and is pumped to 8 MPa before
if mix with the feed water at the same pressure. Assuming a
isentropic efficiency of 88 percent for both the
turbine like for the pump, determine a) the
steam temperature at the heater inlet
water supply shut off, b) the mass flow of
steam extracted from the turbine for the closed heater
of makeup water, c) the production
net power and d) thermal efficiency.
There are conditions
operation
established.
The changes of
kinetic energy and
potential sound
insignificant.
Analysis (a) Of the
steam tables (Tables
A-4, A-5 and A-6)
The vapor fraction extracted from the low-pressure turbine for the water heater of
Closed feeding is determined based on the constant flow energy balance equation.
applied to
heater
of water from
nutrition.
The mass flow rate
corresponding is
Thermal efficiency is determined based on
