Bahria University, Lahore Campus

Department of Computer Sciences

Lab Journal 03
(Fall 2025)

Computer
Communication
Course: Network Lab Date: 17/09/2025
Course Code: Max Marks: 10
Faculty’s Lab
Nadia Shakir
Name:

Name: _Syed Ali Moosa Raza Naqvi

Enroll No: 03-134242-115

Objective(s):
To develop an understanding of the basic functions of Packet Tracer. Create/model a simple
Ethernet network using two hosts and a hub. Observe traffic behavior on the network. Observe
data flow of ARP broadcasts and pin
Basic Connections, Accessing the CLI and Exploring Help
Exploring EXEC Modes
Part 3: Setting the Clock

Tool(s) used:
CISCO Packet Tracer

Introduction to Cisco Packet tracer Simulator

The Introduction to Packet Tracer course is designed for beginners with no prior networking
knowledge. The self-paced course teaches the basic operations of Cisco Packet Tracer, the robust
simulation tool used to visualize networks. Multiple hands-on activities focus on everyday examples
including networking and Internet of Things (IoT) exposing learners to important concepts while at
the same time reinforcing learnings. Whether you want to develop networking knowledge or you plan
to take one of the Networking Academy courses that use Packet Tracer, you’ll find Introduction to
Packet Tracer provides valuable tips and best practices for using Cisco Packet Tracer.
 Learn the basic operations of Packet Tracer: - File commands, visualization and
configuration of networking devices.
 Simulate the interactions of data traveling through the network.
 Learn to visualize the network in logical and physical modes.
 Reinforce your understanding with extensive hands-on networking and IoT activities.
  Get immediate feedback on your work through built-in quizzes and tests.
 Connect with the global Cisco Networking Academy community.

Task 01Create a logical network diagram with two PCs and a hub

The bottom left-hand corner of the Packet Tracer screen displays eight icons that represent device
categories or groups, such as Routers, Switches, or End Devices.

Moving the cursor over the device categories will show the name of the category in the box. To
select a device, first select the device category. Once the device category is selected, the options
within that category appear in the box next to the category listings. Select the device option that is
required.

a) Select End Devices from the options in the bottom left-hand corner. Drag and drop
two generic PCs onto your design area.

b) Select Hubs from the options in the bottom left-hand corner. Add a hub to the
prototype network by dragging and dropping a generic hub onto the design area.

a) Select Connections from the bottom left-hand corner. Choose a Copper Straight-
through cable type. Click the first host, PC0, and assign the cable to the
FastEthernet connector. Click the hub, Hub0, and select a connection port, Port 0,
to connect to PC0.

b) Repeat Step c for the second PC, PC1, to connect the PC to Port 1 on the hub.

NETWORK DIAGRAM
There should be green dots at both ends of each cable connection. If not, check the cable type
selected.

OUTPUT:

Task 02 Configure host names and IP addresses on the PCs

a) Click PC0. A PC0 window will appear.

b) From the PC0 window, select the Config tab. Change the PC Display Name to PC-A.
(An error message window will appear warning that changing the device name may
affect scoring of the activity. Ignore this error message.)
 c) Select the FastEthernet tab on the left and add the IP address of 192.168.1.1 and
subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. Close the PC-A configuration window by selecting the
x in the upper right hand corner.

d) Click PC1. Select the Config tab. Change the PC Display Name to PC-B. Select the
FastEthernet tab on the left and add the IP address of 192.168.1.2 and subnet mask
of 255.255.255.0. Close the PC-B configuration window.

SCREENSHOT:
Task 03 Observe the flow of data from PC-A to PC-B by creating network traffic

a) Switch to Simulation mode by selecting the tab that is partially hidden behind the
Realtime tab in the bottom right-hand corner. The tab has the icon of a stopwatch on
it.

a) Click the Edit Filters button in the Edit List Filters area. Clicking the Edit Filters
button will create a pop-up window. In the pop-up window, click the Show All/None
box to deselect every filter. Select just the ARP and ICMP filters.
a) Select a Simple PDU by clicking the closed envelope on the right vertical toolbar.
Move your cursor to the display area of your screen. Click PC-A to establish the
source. Move your cursor to PC-B and click to establish the destination.
b) Notice that two envelopes are now positioned beside PC-A. One envelope is ICMP,
while the other is ARP. The Event List in the Simulation Panel will identify exactly
which envelope represents ICMP and which represents ARP.

c) Select Auto Capture / Play from the Play Controls area of the Simulation Panel.
Below the Auto Capture / Play button is a horizontal bar, with a vertical button that
controls the speed of the simulation.
d) Dragging the button to the right will speed up the simulation, while dragging is to the
left will slow down the simulation. The animation will run until the message window
No More Events appears. All requested events have been completed. Select OK to
close the message box.

e) Choose the Reset Simulation button in the Simulation Panel. Notice that the ARP
envelope is no longer present. This has reset the simulation but has not cleared any
 configuration changes or dynamic table entries, such as ARP table entries. The ARP
request is not necessary to complete the ping command because PC-A already has the
MAC address in the ARP table.

SCREENSHOT

f) Choose the Capture / Forward button. The ICMP envelope will move from the
source to the hub and stop. The Capture / Forward button allow you to run the
simulation one step at a time. Continue selecting the Capture / Forward button until
you complete the event.
SCREENSHOT:

g) Choose the Power Cycle Devices button on the bottom left, above the device icons.
 h) An error message will appear asking you to confirm reset. Choose Yes. Now both the
ICMP and ARP envelops are present again. The Reset Network button will clear any
configuration changes not saved and will clear all dynamic table entries, such as the
ARP and MAC table entries.

Task 04 View ARP Tables on each PC

a) Choose the Auto Capture / Play button to repopulate the ARP table on the PCs.
Click OK when the no more Events message appears.

b) Select the magnifying glass on the right vertical tool bar.

c) Click PC-A. The ARP table for PC-A will appear. Notice that PC-A does have an
ARP entry for PC-B.
 d) View the ARP tables for PC-B as well. Close all ARP tables.

Screenshot:

Task 2:
In this activity, you will practice skills necessary for navigating the Cisco IOS, including different
user access modes, various configuration modes, and common commands you use on a
regular basis. You also practice accessing the context-sensitive Help by configuring the clock
command.

Part 1: Basic Connections, Accessing the CLI and Exploring Help

In Part 1 of this activity, you connect a PC to a switch using a console connection and explore
various command modes and Help features.

Step 1: Connect PC1 to S1 uses a console cable.

a. Click the Connections icon (the one that looks like a lightning bolt) in the lower left corner of the
Packet Tracer window.
b. Select the light blue Console cable by clicking it. The mouse pointer will change to what appears to
be a connector with a cable dangling off of it.
c. Click PC1; a window displays an option for an RS-232 connection.
d. Drag the other end of the console connection to the S1 switch and click the switch to bring up the
connection list.
e. Select the Console port to complete the connection.

SCREENSHOT:
Step 2: Establish a terminal session with S1.
a. Click PC1 and then select the Desktop tab.
b. Click the Terminal application icon; verify that the Port Configuration default
settings are correct. What is the setting for bits per second?
c. Click OK.
d. The screen that appears may have several messages displayed. Somewhere on the display there
should be a Press RETURN to get started! message. Press ENTER.
What is the prompt displayed on the screen?

SCREENSHOT:
Step 3: Explore the IOS Help.
a. The IOS can provide help for commands depending on the level being accessed. The prompt
currently being displayed is called User EXEC and the device is waiting for a command. The most
basic form of help is to type a question mark (?) at the prompt to display a list of commands.
S1>?
Which command begins with the letter ‘C’?

SCREENSHOT:
b. At the prompt, type t, followed by a question mark (?).
S1> t?

Which commands are displayed?

At the prompt, type te, followed by a question mark (?).

S1> te?

Which commands are displayed?

This type of help is known as context-sensitive Help, providing more information as the
 commands are expanded.

Part 2: Exploring EXEC Modes

In Part 2 of this activity, you switch to privileged EXEC mode and issue additional commands.

Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode.

a. At the prompt, type the question mark (?).
S1>?
What information is displayed that describes the enable command?

b. Type en and press the Tab key.

S1> en<Tab>

What displays after pressing the Tab key?

This is called command completion or tab completion. When part of a command is typed,
the Tab key can be used to complete the partial command. If the characters typed are
enough to make the command unique, as in the case with the enable command, the
remaining portion is displayed.
What would happen if you were to type te<Tab> at the prompt?
c. Enter the enable command and press ENTER. How does the prompt change?
d. When prompted, type the question mark (?).
S1#?
Previously there was one command that started with the letter ‘C’ in user EXEC mode. How
many commands are displayed now that privileged EXEC mode is active? (Hint: you could
type c? to list just the commands beginning with ‘C’.)
Step 2: Enter Global Configuration mode.
a. One of the commands starting with the letter ‘C’ is configure when in Privileged EXEC mode. Type
either the full command or enough of the command to make it unique along with the <Tab> key to
issue the command and press <ENTER>.
S1# configure

What is the message that is displayed?

b. Press the <ENTER> key to accept the default parameter enclosed in
brackets [terminal]. How does the prompt change?

c. This is called global configuration mode. This mode will be explored further in upcoming activities
and labs. For now, exit back to Privileged EXEC mode by typing end, exit or Ctrl-Z.
S1(config)# exit

S1#

Part 3: Setting the Clock

Step 1: Use the clock command.
a. Use the clock command to further explore Help and command syntax. Type show clock at the
privileged EXEC prompt.
S1# show clock

What information is displayed? What is the year that is displayed?

b. Use the context-sensitive Help and the clock command to set the time on the switch to the current
time. Enter the command clock and press ENTER.
S1# clock<ENTER>

What information is displayed?

c. The % Incomplete command message is returned by the IOS indicating that the clock
command needs further parameters. Any time more information is needed help can be provided by
typing a space after the command and the question mark (?).
S1# clock ?

What information is displayed?

d. Set the clock using the clock set command. Continue proceeding through the command one step at a
time.
S1# clock set ?

What information is being requested?

What would have been displayed if only the clock set command had been entered and no
request for help was made by using the question mark?

e. Based on the information requested by issuing the clock set ? command, enter a time of 3:00 p.m. by
using the 24-hour format of 15:00:00. Check to see if further parameters are needed.
S1# clock set 15:00:00 ?
The output returns the request for more information:
<1-31>
 f. Attempt to set the date to 01/31/2035 using the format requested. It may be necessary to request
additional help using the context-sensitive Help to complete the process. When finished, issue the
show clock command to display the clock setting. The resulting command output should display as:
S1# show clock
*15:0:4.869 UTC Tue Jan 31 2035

g. If you were not successful, try the following command to obtain the output above:
S1# clock set 15:00:00 31 Jan 2035

Step 2: Explore additional command messages.

a. The IOS provides various outputs for incorrect or incomplete commands as experienced in earlier
sections. Continue to use the clock command to explore additional messages that may be
encountered as you learn to use the IOS.
b. Issue the following command and record the messages:
S1# cl

What information was returned?

S1# clock

What information was returned?

S1# clock set 25:00:00
What information was returned?
S1# clock set 15:00:00 32
What information was returned?