FACULTY OF PHYSICAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

LABORATORY REPORT: COMPARISON OF THE PROPERTIES OF A PAINT

ELABORATED ON A LABORATORY SCALE WITH COMMERCIAL PAINT

summary
The laboratory consisted of the preparation of acrylic and vinyl paints based on existing formulations.
The percentages of the raw materials used were varied to obtain properties.
different in the paintings. The finished products were subjected to different analyses for
study its characteristics.
summary
The lab was the development of acrylic and vinyl paints from ready-made formulations, percentages of
raw materials used were varied to obtain different properties in the paintings. The final products were
subjected to various analyses to study their characteristics.

1. INTRODUCTION. dispersed in volatile organic solvents,

2. in aqueous solution or emulsified in
3. The standard [Link] 97 defines the water
paints as a product formed by The solvents or anticoagulants: they
one or more pigments, with or without charge and used to reduce the viscosity of the
others additives scattered paint for a better application.
homogeneously, which becomes Additives: are used to modify
a solid movie afterwards of his the properties of liquid paint or of
thin layer application and later dry movie.
drying1. 8.
4. Depending on the type of paint and the use
There are two categories of coatings: expected, the additives may include3:
the architectural and the industrial. In Dispersants: they are responsible for separating and
in the first category are all stabilize the pigment particles.
the paints, lacquers, and varnishes used Silicones: improve resistance to the
in covering buildings, furniture and outdoors
similar. In the second, it includes Agents thixotropic and one
those coatings employees consistency gelatinous that himself
during the manufacturing process of it breaks down into a liquid when shaken
products such as machinery, devices or when a brush is immersed in it.
metallic mechanicals, textiles, plastics, Dryers: they speed up the drying time.
etc. Anti-sedimentation agents: they prevent the
6. pigment sedimentation
7. In the preparation of paints, the materials 9.
cousins are classified as follows 10. The most commonly used binders (resins)
way :2
in modern paintings are:
The pigments: they are powder products, Acrylic polymers (resins): it is based on
insoluble by themselves in a liquid medium homopolymers or copolymer.
of painting; some of its functions are
Polymers (alkyd resins): paints
impart color and opacity, stability
decorative brilliants.
front a different conditions
Epoxy polymers (resins): they give to the
environmental and chemical agents.
paint an excellent adhesion along with
Binders: they are substances
a high resistance to the products
usually organic, whose function
the main thing is to provide protection; they can chemicals (corrosion), and physical resistance
necessary.
to be used in solid form, dissolved or
FACULTY OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

11. 17.
12. METHODOLOGY
13.
14. 2.1 MATERIALS
Weigh them
components
206g of water: it is used as a solvent for according to
the formulation
reduce the viscosity of the paint.
191.5g of resin
328g of TiO2 Mix the
texapon, the Characterize
7.41g of texapon colorant and the the product
Blue, yellow, green, red pigments polyethylene glycol
with water
8.7 g of polyethylene glycol
15. Mix with
3500 rpm
2.2 PROCEDURE solution with
16. Add the
the TiO220
resin
minutes

18. Illustration 1. Flow diagram of the process

to weigh the components of each

formulation based on the proportions
determined. Such proportions are
shown in table 1.
b) Mix the texapon, the dye and the
polyethylene glycol with water
c) The resin is added and stirred until
achieve a homogeneous mixture.
d) The mixture is subjected to agitation at 3500
rpm for 20 minutes while it goes away
slowly adding the TiO2.
19.
[Link] PAINT FORMULATION if carry out the
characterization of
3. 4.P 5.P 6.P 7.P
R R R R the painting through
U U U U three methods:
E E E E Test of
B B B B It is a
A A A A
1 2 3 4 test
8. WATER 9. 2810.4511.4212.43 qualitative, the
,6 ,4 ,9 ,2 Which one is done?
7 2 6 3 in order to
[Link] 14.4215.3816.4217.39 to have an idea
,5 ,7 ,2 ,8
3 7
preliminary of the
[Link] 19.7520.6021.5922.61 quality of the
,0 ,0 ,7 ,3 painting.
1 2 7 Test of
[Link] 24.1, 25.3 26.0, 27.0, texture Al
85 16 5 5
just like the
[Link] 29.0, 30.1, 31.2 32. 2
O 76 92 8 7
[Link] 34.1 35.1, 36.1 37.1,
ENGLICO 81 79 8 8
L
[Link] 39.1540.1541.1542.14
0, 1, 0 9
6 01 06 4
FACULTY OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Anterior is a qualitative technique, with 43.

this sought to observe the quality of 3.2 TEXTURE TEST
the paint when applied on a The two samples did not show any lumps
surface. no bubbles, however the coverage of the
Viscosity test: The viscosity acrylic paint sample did not present
in both samples was determined a very good coverage.
45.
for the viscometer BROKFIEL
3.3 VISCOSITY TEST AND ANALYSIS
PROGRAMMABLE. The selection of the
FROM THE RHEOLOGY OF SAMPLES.
needle in each case was by the criterion of
46.
Mr. Aceros, since such selection is
47. Tables 3 and 4 present the
it is done by experience. viscometer records of the samples of
f) The same procedure is repeated for the acrylic and vinyl paints obtained in the
formulation shown in table 2. practice, respectively.
48.
20. FORMULATION 53. Esf 54. Bicycle
VINYL PAINT 51. Bicycle
52. %
uerz cida
49. Visco the o d
21. 22. P To
sidad d cut Cort
RU 50. [cp] rpm before before
EB ue
] [D/c [1/se
A1 m2 g]
23. WATER 24.46, 57.00
55. 009 56. 100 58. 012 59. 132
3
85 62. 00
60. 009 61. 110 63. 013 64. 145
25. RESIN 26.41 3
45 67.00
65. 009 66. 120 68. 014 69. 158
3
27. TIO2 28.56 72.00
1 70. 008 71. 130 73. 014 74. 172
3
29. TEXAPO30.1,8 75. 009 76. 140
77.00
78. 016 79. 185
N 4
82.00
31. PIGMEN32.2,9 80. 008 81. 150 83. 016 84. 198
4
TO 87.00
85. 008 86. 160 88. 018 89. 211
33. POLYETI34.1,5 4
92.00
LENGLICOL 90. 008 91. 170
4
93. 019 94. 224
35. TOTAL 36. 1 97.00
95. 008 96. 180 98. 019 99. 238
50 5
6 102.00 104. 2
one hundred 101.190
thousand and eight 103.020
5 51
37. Table 2. Vinyl paint formulation
105. Table 3. Viscometer record of the sample of
38. RESULTS acrylic paint
39. 111. Bicycle
3.1 THREAD TEST 110. Effort cida
109. %
The acrylic paint sample did not show Visco 108. Fast
Tor
o d
good results, since the fluency was not city dad cutting Cort
qu
107. [cp] rpm e before
the awaited one presented many bubbles e
[D/cm2] [1/se
which could have been caused by g]
problems with the agitator. 112. 2.752 113. 010
114.00
115. 094 116. 003
41. 9
119. 01
42. The sample of vinyl paint had a 117. 2.096 118. 020
3
120. 143 121. 007
good appearance and fluency. 122. 1.632 123. 030 124. 01 125. 166 126. 010
 FACULTY OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

5 [Link] [Link]
129. 01 uerz cida
127. 1.328 128. 040 130. 181 131. 014 [Link] 222.%
7 [Link] o d
city To
134. 01 sidad cut Cort
132. 1.126 133. 050 135. 191 136. 017 d
8 220.[cp] before before
139. 01 rpm ue
137. 976 138.060 140. 199 141. 020 [D/c [1/se
8 m2 g]
144. 01
142. 869 143. 070
9
145. 207 146. 024 225.026 226.100 227.00 228.035 229.132
149. 02 8
147.784 148. 080 150. 213 151. 027 230.025 231.120 232.00 233.040 234.158
0
152. Table 4. Viscometer record of the sample of 9
vinyl paint 235.024 236.140 237.01 238.044 239.185
0
153. In order to compare the results 240.023 241.160 242.01 243.049 244.211
obtained was also characterized by a 2
245.022 246.180 247.01 249.238
commercial vinyl paint whose data is 3
shown in table 5. 250.022 251.200 252.01 253.057 254.264
154. 3
[Link] 255.021 256.220 257.01 259.290
[Link]
user 4
[Link] cida
158.% so 260. Table 6. Viscometer record of the sample of
[Link] cida d
To short acrylic painting of group A3
sidad d Cort
rq ant
156.[cp] rpm before
you e 261. To compare the viscosity of the
] [1/s
[D/c samples are necessary to perform the analysis on
g]
m2
the same speed, therefore it does not
163.01
161.17.562 162.004
0
164.176 165.001 could compare the viscosity of the
168.01 acrylic paints with vinyl paints.
166.11.469 167.007 169.229 170.002 262. From the obtained data, it is possible to
3
173.01 to conclude that the acrylic painting of group A3
171.8.900 172.011 174.267 175.003 it is much more viscous than that obtained in
5
176.7.437 177.014
178.01
179.297 180.004 the practice and that the vinyl paint
7 commercial is much more viscous than the
183.01 obtained in practice.
181.6.451 182.018 184.323 185.005
8 263. With the graphical representation of the
188.01
186.5.764 187.021
9
189.346 190.006 shear force Vs Velocity of
193.02 deformation, the type can be identified
191.5.222 192.025 194.366 195.007 fluid to which each sample belongs. In
0
198.02 In illustration 2, the possible ones are found.
196.4.816 197.029 199.385 200.008
1 types.
203.02 264.
201.4.460 202.032 204.401 205.009
2
208.02
206.4.157 207.036 209.416 210.010
3
213.02
211.3.910 212.039 214.430 215.011
4
216. Table 5. Viscometer record of the sample of
commercial vinyl paint

217. Since there was no sample

acrylic paint commercial decided
compare with a painting obtained from one
from the other groups, the record
Viscosimeter is presented in table 6.
218. 265. Illustration 2. Types of fluids
FACULTY OF PHYSICAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

266. With the data from the tables we carried out firstappreciation that will be made by the
this representation for each case is consumer, it will be this.
to say for vinyl and acrylic paints. An analysis of viscosity, texture and
267. behavior rheological they were
268.
necessary to verify that the
269. CONCLUSIONS Y
the obtained product was the expected one.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The knowledge and familiarity with the
270.
techniques basic del process of
Vinyl and acrylic paint was successfully prepared.
making of paintings, the assembly and
through a relatively procedure
application of the same on a scale of
simple.
laboratory, and the analysis of the final product
Inadequate formulation and addition
was successfully carried out.
wrong proportions of raw materials
they can generate drastic changes in the 273. BIBLIOGRAPHY
final product, this process must be carried out 274.
with caution to achieve the product [Link]. (n.d.). Manual of Paintings and
desired. Coatings. Obtained of
271. Invalid URL provided.
content/uploads/2011/03/Manual-of-
Paintings-and-Coatings_CChC.pdf
[Link], P. S. (March 18, 2013). The
essential chemical industry online.
Obtained of

272. Illustration 3. Graphical representation of the effort [Link]

Shear Vs Deformation Rate for the materials-and-applications/[Link]
vinyl paints.
[Link] EGA S.A, L. P. (2001).
Qualitative tests are very Technical description. Practical advice
important in this product, since the of use.
LABORATORY REPORT: ETHYL ACETATE PRODUCTION.
FACULTY OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

275.