Full Extracted Text - Computer
Hardware Revolution.pdf
Computer Hardware Revolution Part 2
ITE 3 Introduction to Computing
Learning Objectives:
• Define computer hardware.
• Identify the hardware revolution timeline in the 1980s, 1990s, and in early 2000s.
• Describe and discuss the different computer subsystems and peripherals.
Computer Hardware Revolution:
• One of the best ways to understand computer hardware is to study its history and how it
has evolved all throughout the years.
• The progression of its evolution is as important as the present hardware technology in
itself.
Timeline (1980s):
• 1980: Osborne I – first portable computer by Adam Osborne and Lee Felsenstein, with
CP/M OS, WordStar, and SuperCalc.
• 1981: IBM PC introduced with DOS (by Microsoft), 8088 microprocessor, 16KB RAM, 4.77
MHz speed. Xerox Star introduced the mouse as input device.
• 1982: Sun Microsystems introduced Sun 1 workstation. Intel introduced 80286
microprocessor.
• 1983: Compaq released first IBM PC compatible.
• 1985: Intel introduced 80386 (32-bit). HP released LaserJet printer.
• 1986: IBM introduced first laptop. CD-ROM technology introduced.
• 1987: EISA bus, IBM VGA graphics (256 colors), HP Deskjet (first inkjet printer).
• 1988: NeXT Inc. by Steve Jobs introduced PC with OOP OS, CD-ROM drive.
• 1989: Apple PowerBook laptop. Apple, IBM, Motorola collaboration → PowerPC chip.
Timeline (1990s):
• 1992: IBM ThinkPad laptop.
• 1993: IBM RS/6000 workstation (RISC-based, PowerPC 601 chip).
• 1994: Apple RISC-based computer (PowerPC).
• 1995: Intel Pentium microprocessor. Power Computing released Apple clones (Power
100).
• 1996: PalmPilot PDA (US Robotics). Sun Ultra workstation (64-bit). Intel Pentium II with
MMX technology. DVD introduced.
• 1997: Apple colorful iMac (G3 processor, USB, no floppy). Intel Celeron (budget CPU),
Xeon (server CPU).
• 1999: Intel Pentium III, AMD Athlon microprocessor. Apple iMac G4 (faster than Pentium
III/Athlon).
Timeline (2000s):
• 2000: AMD and Intel released 1GHz processors.
• 2001: Apple introduced iPod (5GB). iPod Shuffle, Nano, Video later introduced.
• 2003: Mike Showerman & Craig Steffen built Linux supercomputer. Intel & AMD
introduced 64-bit processors. Apple PowerMac G5 (64-bit). Intel Centrino wireless
technology.
• 2005: Bluetooth-enabled devices, Intel Core Duo processors.
• 2006: Intel Core 2 Duo (40% faster than Core Duo).
• 2007: Intel Quad Core released for desktops.
• 2008: Intel Core 2 Quad Q9450, AMD Phenom X3 released.
• 2009: Mini-SATA and USB 3.0 released.
• 2010: Apple iPad introduced.
• 2011: First Chromebooks (Chrome OS).
• 2012: Google Drive released.
• 2013: Google Glass introduced. Sony announced PlayStation 4.
• 2014: DDR4 RAM released.
• 2015: First government-approved drone delivery (Flirtey).
• 2016: Sunway Taihulight supercomputer (China, 93,000 trillion calculations/sec).
• 2017: Intel Core i9, AMD Ryzen Threadripper CPUs.
• 2018: AMD Zen+ architecture.
References:
• timetoast.com timelines
• custompc.com articles
• arstechnica.com
• dayintechhistory.com
• soundonsound.com
• connectedsocialmedia.com
• 1000logos.net
