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RM MODULE 10 - Data Processing

Module 10 focuses on data processing, which includes editing, coding, tabulation, and graphical representation to extract meaningful patterns for decision-making. Editing ensures data quality by addressing incomplete or inconsistent responses, while coding assigns numerical values for efficient analysis. Tabulation organizes data into tables for easier interpretation, with options for simple and cross-tabulation based on the complexity of the data.

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49 views3 pages

RM MODULE 10 - Data Processing

Module 10 focuses on data processing, which includes editing, coding, tabulation, and graphical representation to extract meaningful patterns for decision-making. Editing ensures data quality by addressing incomplete or inconsistent responses, while coding assigns numerical values for efficient analysis. Tabulation organizes data into tables for easier interpretation, with options for simple and cross-tabulation based on the complexity of the data.

Uploaded by

tonystark.tyson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 10 - Data Processing

 Definition:

o Processing collected data by subjecting it to editing, coding and cleaning to extract


meaningful patterns and support decision-making.

o Involves editing, coding, classification, tabulation, and graphical representation.

Editing

 Purpose: Ensure data is clean, consistent, and complete.

 Reasons for Editing:

o Parts of the questionnaire may be incomplete.

o Respondents may not follow instructions

o Little variance in answers (e.g., same option ‘A’ for all questions)

o Questionnaires may have missing pages or responses.

 Handling Missing Responses:

o Assigning Missing Values:

 Suitable when number of respondents with no responses is small

 Use responses to other questions to estimate missing values.

 Assign mid-values for blank scale responses.

o Discarding Blank Respondents:

 Suitable when blank responses are few

 Sample size is large

 Responses on key variables are missing

Coding

 Definition: Assigning numerical or symbolic codes to responses for efficient data analysis.

 Properties of Coding:

o Exhaustiveness: Every possible response must have a code.

o Mutual Exclusiveness: Each response should be assigned only one code.

 Examples:

o Age: Below 25 = 1, 26–35 = 2, and so on.

o Gender: Male = 1, Female = 2.


 Open-Ended Questions:

o Responses are grouped into categories for post-coding (e.g., “Easy” and
“Convenient” grouped as “Ease of Transactions”).

Tabulation

 Definition: Arranging data into tables (rows and columns) for analysis and interpretation.

 Advantages:

1. Ease in understanding (organized data)

2. Time-saving (for analysis)

3. Easier in Drawing Diagrams (more convenient)

4. Ease in Comparison (systematic display of data)

5. Detection of Errors (easy in tabulated data)

6. Space-Saving

7. No Chances of Repetition

 Constituents of a Table:

1. Table Number: Unique identifier for the table.

2. Title: Descriptive of the data presented.

3. Caption: Column headings.

4. Stub: Row headings.

5. Body: Data cells.

6. Head Note: Units of measurement.

7. Foot Note: Clarifications or notes.

8. Source Note: Reference for data origin.

Types of Tables

1. Simple Tabulation: Data for a single characteristic.

o Example: Number of students by gender.

2. Cross Tabulation: Data for two or more characteristics.

o Example: Gender-wise performance of students (Gender and level of performance


are the two characteristics)
Graphical Representation

 Use tabulated data to create visual aids like graphs and charts to simplify analysis and
communication.

Key Takeaways

 Editing ensures clean data. Missing responses can be handled through substitution or
elimination.

 Coding transforms raw data into analyzable formats. Open-ended responses require post-
coding.

 Tabulation organizes data for clarity and analysis. Choose between simple and cross-
tabulation based on complexity.

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