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Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics principles like superposition and entanglement to perform computations far more efficiently than classical computers. It utilizes qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously, enabling advancements in fields such as medicine, finance, and artificial intelligence. However, challenges like qubit instability, error correction, and scalability remain significant hurdles to overcome.

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3 views1 page

QC

Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics principles like superposition and entanglement to perform computations far more efficiently than classical computers. It utilizes qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously, enabling advancements in fields such as medicine, finance, and artificial intelligence. However, challenges like qubit instability, error correction, and scalability remain significant hurdles to overcome.

Uploaded by

jonici4666
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Quantum computing is an advanced form of computation that uses the principles of

quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, to solve complex


problems much faster than classical computers. Unlike classical computers that use
bits (0s or 1s), quantum computers use qubits which can exist in multiple states at
once, allowing them to process many possibilities simultaneously. This capability
is expected to revolutionize fields like medicine, finance, and artificial
intelligence.
How it works

Qubits:
Quantum computers use qubits, the quantum version of classical bits. While a
classical bit is either a 0 or a 1, a qubit can be a 0, a 1, or a combination of
both simultaneously through a property called superposition.

Superposition:
This allows a quantum computer to represent and process many different states at
the same time. For example, a system with a few qubits can represent more states
than there are atoms in the observable universe.
Entanglement:
This is another quantum phenomenon where qubits become linked. When qubits are
entangled, they act in sync, no matter the distance between them. An operation on
one entangled qubit can instantaneously influence the state of the other,
increasing computational power.

Potential applications

Drug and materials discovery:


Quantum computers can simulate molecular structures with high accuracy,
speeding up the discovery of new drugs and materials.

Optimization:
They can solve complex optimization problems in logistics, finance (portfolio
optimization), and supply chains more efficiently.
Artificial intelligence:
Quantum computing can accelerate machine learning algorithms, leading to more
powerful AI.
Cryptography:
They could break current encryption methods, but also enable new, more secure forms
of quantum encryption.

Current challenges

Instability:
Qubits are very sensitive to their environment and can easily lose their
quantum state due to noise or vibration.
Error correction:
Quantum computers require sophisticated error correction techniques, which adds
complexity and cost.
Scalability:
Building a large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computer with thousands or
millions of qubits is a massive engineering challenge.

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