Course Outline: Research Methodology (MPhil)
Course Code: Engl. 604
Credit Hours: 3
Marks: 100
Instructor: Prof. Dr Sanaullah Ansari
Course Objectives
1. Understand the nature, scope, and purpose of research in education and applied
linguistics.
2. Identify research problems and formulate hypotheses.
3. Conduct effective literature reviews and develop conceptual frameworks.
4. Apply qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method research designs.
5. Collect, analyze, and interpret research data using appropriate tools.
6. Independently prepare dissertation-level research proposals and reports.
Course Contents
Unit I: Introduction to Research
What is research?
The research process and stages.
Nature and scope of educational/applied linguistic research.
Unit II: Identifying a Research Problem
• Selection criteria and sources of research topics.
• Characteristics of a good research problem.
• Writing problem statements.
Unit III: Reviewing the Literature
• Purposes and strategies of literature review.
• Building conceptual frameworks.
• Identifying research questions/hypotheses.
Unit IV: Quantitative Research
• Rationale and characteristics.
• Research designs: experimental, correlational, survey.
• Instrumentation and research tools.
• Variable formation and sampling.
Unit V: Data Analysis
• Descriptive statistics: mean, median, mode, SD.
• Inferential statistics: correlation, chi-square, t-tests, ANOVA.
• Using SPSS for analysis.
• Interpretation and presentation of results.
Unit VI: Qualitative Research
• Principles and characteristics of qualitative research.
• Data collection: interviews, observations, documents.
• Triangulation and validity.
• Mixed methods design and applications.
Unit VII: Writing the Research Report
• Structure of a research report or dissertation.
• Writing conventions, citations, and APA 7th edition referencing.
• Ethical considerations in research.
Assessment
• Class Participation: 10 marks
• Assignment: 30 marks
• Final Examination: 60 marks
Prescribed Textbooks (Latest Editions)
• Creswell, J. W., & Guetterman, T. C. (2024). Educational Research: Planning,
Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (7th ed., Global).
Pearson.
• Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, Qualitative,
and Mixed Methodologies. Oxford University Press.
Suggested Readings (Latest Editions)
• Gray, D. E. (2021). Doing Research in the Real World (5th ed.). Sage.
• Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative,
and Mixed Methods Approaches (6th ed.). Sage.
• Nunan, D. (1992). Research Methods in Language Learning. Cambridge University
Press. (No newer edition available)
• Pallant, J. (2021). SPSS Survival Manual: A Step-by-Step Guide to Data Analysis
Using IBM SPSS (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
• Mackey, A., & Gass, S. M. (2021). Second Language Research: Methodology and
Design (3rd ed.). Routledge.
• Gass, S. M., & Mackey, A. (2012). Research Methods in Second Language Acquisition:
A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.