Asignment1
A. Sameksha
G0622133124
FIOT
1. Define the roT Qnd list tie chazacteistics of 10T
Ihteznet of Things(Tor):
*IoT iS the interconnection of physital devices though the internet
These devices can collect , exchange . and process da.ta,.
IoT enables devices to peokom actions autovatically based. on
the exchangd data
"It is applied in areas such as agzicultue, healthcae ,education,
energy Secuzity and snart ities.
Chal.cteristics of IoT :
1. Connectivits - All TOT devices must be connected to the intenet
and. able to covnmunicate anytime, anyuhese.
2-Intelligence and Identity - Devices qenerate data that must be
ntepreted , each device hae a unique identity tor tracking.
3.Scalabilits -IoT systes should hande the quouwing numbes of
Connected devices.
4. Dynamic and Self -Ada,ptinq -Devices should adjust aufomatically
to dlfesent conditions and sltuations.
Aschitectuye -IoT woks best with a hybid stup , Supporting
diffexent manutactue3s and domains.
6 5aluty - Prctecting senstive data and ensuing scuze
equipment is essential.
j?.Slf-Contiquing -Devices can updake themstlves and add new
ones to the network with (itte uso efozt
9.Denonstvate the IoT fundional blecks wlh neat díogam
ToT Functional BlockS:
The IoT System is bult using svezal kunctional blocks that
provide identiication , Snsing, actuation ,Communication and
management. The maln functional blocks ae -
1.Device
IoT devices are veSponsible for Sunsing, otuation, monitoxing and.
contxol functions
Examples: Senso7s ,actuatozs ,Smazt appliances, weorables, cameas,e
2. Communication
Handles dato, txansfs between devices and servers o7 cloud platfoums.
Involves pxotocals (wi-Fi, Bluetooth , 46/56, ,ete) and netwosking
3.Sesvices
Provide functionalities such as derice monitoxing , contaol, data
ublising and discovway
Enable Smooth optration and inte3action of IoT duvi ces
4.Management
|· Ensures proper opzotion d oT systems through erice manaqement,
Conliqurator and foult handing
Also indludes pestomance moritoring ard 3esource optini zation
6.Security
l· Provides authentcoatien , authorization, encryptian and data intqaity
Protects uses privocs and secuses the entire loT netuosk Fsonm thrats
6.Application
he inteslace thaough which usens tnteract with IoT Systems.
" rovides services like home autonmation apps , taatthcoe monitoing
dashboaxds , etc.
Aplieatior,
Services
Manogement
Communication
Device
Axchitectwoe ot LoT functional Biocks
3Explain ang tuo IoT tnabling tchnaloqies
IoT enablng technoicqes include Wisless SensoT Netwoaks, cloud
Embedded,
|Computing, 6igData Analytics , Communication Paotocols and
|systems.
1.Wize less Sensov Netuworks (WSNJ
Colection of distaibuted, sensou nodes to nmonitox physical/enyionmert
Conditiors.
. Oata Houws From end nodes -’ voutesS >coUrdinatos ( gattway>intund
Uses: Waather moritoing , soil moistue , ott quality , suzvellance,
healfth vnonitooinq
2.Cloud Computirng
P3ovides. computing vesouces (storoqe , seave7S,Qpps) over the
Intenet
Models: LaaS, Paas, Saas
Uses:LoT data sto age ,emote ocess , veal-tine analyttcs (tg:Smart
homes, health cae)
5.8iq Dato. Analytics
Deals with massive data (volume, velocits , vaziety) qenczated by
IoT.
Steps: Clearing ’pocessing -> visualization
Uses : bank transoctions, e-commezce , vehicle tracking, health data
analytics.
4. Communtcatton Pootocols
Enable data exchange between IoT devices and, servess
|" Examples: Wi-Fi, Bluteoth , Zig bee , HTrP
"Role : Ensude connecivity and reliable communication
5. Evnbedlded Systems
Combination o hardwae t softuware for specífic tasks.
Incudes mictocontaoleos, menors , 1lo units , netusouking modules.
Uses: smart applíances, wearabes, ndustrial machines.
automotive ToT.
4. Explain the vanious ermerging IoT aplications.
4. Smazt Hones
’IoT tnable s automation of lighting , heating, cooling and
appliances. themostats and secuzity camexas
> Devices tike smast speakers,
can be controlled 3ermotely secuzity
’ Benefit: comfout, enexqy savimg ,and enhanced
2. Healthca3e XTelemedicine
Weazable Sensons monitos vitol signs like heantsate , qlucose
|and orygen levels.
doctors ermotely for diagnosis and treatnent
- Data is shaned with
Benefit : eaaly detection of disea ses, remote patient cae
3-Smast Cities
PIoT helps vmanage tratic, waste , steet lighting water supplg
and pollution manitoxing
Sensoxs and camas improve wsban planning and salety
4.Industaial 1oT (1lot)
’Mochines ln foctovies aze equipped with snsors for predictive
mainteance and autonnation
Data anolytics inp0ves productivity and educes dountivye.
Benekit : cost savings ,ipaova ficitny safety in ndusties.
l6. Agoicultut
Sn0at fouwing uses Ioi Sensos for soil moistuve ,cophealth and
ibrigation contaol
Daones and Smadt equipment help monitor felds ín aeal time
|&- Taanspontalion &Loqistics
loT devices taack vehiles , shipmerts and doivex peloswmance
>Benelit : eal-time tracking, duced delivery ddays,0ad.
salety
1 fnexqy Sector
Smart grids, smart metexs and eneuwable enczqy systems use
IbT.
faults autonatical,
’Devites manage tnexqy demand and detect
Bene?it : cficient pouwez distaibutlon , educed enerqy waste.
-
about diferent communication models of JoT
s Wite
Communication pattems betwen devices,
IoT Suppo ts difkent models are -
applicotions . The mais
seTveTS and
Request-
- Response Model
1 Model
2.Publish - Subscribe
3. Push- Pullmodel
l4. Exclusive Pair Model
|2. Rtquest- ResponseModel
· Client stnds a aquest and se iver Sunds bauh a vsponse.
Foch vequest is troated as a new one (stateless).
fx Amobilt agp requesting tempealuze data from a. Snavt
theamostat
client Se7veT
ISerds wauest |Recoives eque sis fyorm cliant,
to seoveD Processes nequcsts, lookts upl
etches 709ousces srepo0S Rosou7cesS
esponse arnd serds vesyor1se
to client
9.Publish -Subscoibe Model
Publishes pubifshes mssaqes as topics -
Bxoker manages topics and subscaibens aeCeíve dafa hom the baoker
Ex: Weatheo sensors publish dota >multiple opps subscribe to upd ats
Publisher MOSSage Byoker ConsumeT-1
published to
Sends
Topit-1 Topic -1
moss0ges to| Subscribuns
ConsumeT-1 Consumer-2
topics Consumer-2|
Messoge
published
Topic-9
to Topic -2
Sulbscribeis Consume7-3
Consumer-3
B.Push-Pull Model
Publisher pushes data into a queue.
Consunmer pulls data. Fron the queue for procossin9
Camexa pushes Images > analytics system pulls them kor
fx: Iot
psocesing
Qutues
IPablishe Consuvne -1
Sends mesSa qes Messa qts Mas50405
to tojics pushedto pulied Porn
queucs
Consuret -2
4.fxcusive Pais Model
Client and Serveo establish a full-duplex connection
Stateful model (Seaver Yemembeas the cltent)
Ex: WobSocket connection fox live videg steaming fzom a cCiv to a
mdbile OpP
Reguest to setup connection
Response. Qcopting He e2uest
MessQQs rom client to sevex
clint
MeSsage Bom seavX to clent!
Connecion doe request
Conection close vesponse
