INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING II

Instructions Start and End Instructions

Branching Instruction These instructions will be used only for
Data Reading Instruction (input) indicate the start and end of an algorithm,
Assignment instructions although its use seems unnecessary it is
Start and End Instructions one of the good techniques of
Concept of Program Types of instructions programming, which later on we
they will account for its usefulness. From now on
Program is a concept Start/End instruction forward in showing the algorithms
with numerous meanings. 2. Assignment instruction this instruction will always be present
It may be a 3. Reading instruction Start and End will be located
planning, a syllabus, 4. Writing Instruction at the beginning and at the end of the algorithms
a schedule, a 5. Branching instruction
thematic unit or a
radio broadcast or Assignment instructions
television, to cite
These instructions are used for
some possibilities.
assign values to variables.

Reading Instruction of
Data (input)
This instruction is used to read
device (peripheral) data
input (e.g. keyboard).
reading (hours)
Read the values hours from the terminal,
what it means is that the user
you have to enter a value either
through the keyboard so that it is Data Writing Instruction (output)
stored in the variable hours. Or This instruction is used to display data in a
yes, the value that the user types will output device (e.g. screen,
it will be assigned to the variable hours
printer, etc)
(hours <---- [entered value]).

Branching Instruction
The bifurcations are
instructions that tell you that
you follow or go back to some
previous instruction, this
instruction will be seen later
when sentences are made
selective or repetitive.
 Data types
In programming it is essential
determine what type or category
the data correspond to which the Logical
works. Each dataset of a
specific type is manipulated differently Boolean. A data type that
A Fact way to obtain the results it can represent two values:
desired. true or false.
It is the representation of avariablewhat
Numeric
It can be quantitative or qualitative.
what indicates a value assigned to the Integer. Data type formed by a
things and is represented through a numeric variable that does not have a part
sequence of symbols, numbers or letters. decimal.
The data describe empirical facts. Real. Data type formed by a
To examine them, they must be organized. numeric variable that can count with
or tabulated, since a data point by itself decimal part.
cannot demonstrate too much, but
the set must be evaluated for
examine the results.

String
In programming, a string of characters, Type of character
words, string of characters or phrase (string, in Domain of values
English) is an ordered sequence (of length Internal representation
arbitrary, although finite) of elements that External representation and
belong to a certain formal language or definition in Java
analogous alphabet to a formula or a Operations
sentence.

Constant
It is a piece of information whose value cannot

change during the execution of

program. It receives a value in the
moment of compilation and this
remains unchanged throughout the
program.
Variable
It is a name associated with a
data element that is situated
in contiguous positions of the
main memory, and its value can
change during the execution of a
program.
 Expression
In programming, an expression is a
combination of constants, variables or
functions, which is interpreted from
in accordance with the specific rules of
precedence and association for a
particular programming language.

Internal functions
The operations that are required in the
programs often require,
in addition to the operations of the operations
basic arithmetic, already addressed, a number
determined by special operators that are
internal, embedded or designated functions
standard.

The assignment operation

As their name indicates, they are in charge of
assign a variable the result of a
mathematical expression or the value of another
variable. variable or a more expression
complex. on the left in this way the
the assignment expression will be of the same type
of data.

Output of information
The output is the ability of an Information System to Information entry
extract the processed information or input data to the
It is the process by which the System of
exterior. The typical output units are printers,
Information takes the data it requires for
terminals, diskettes, magnetic tapes, the voice, the
process the information. The inputs can be
graphers and plotters, among others. It is important to clarify
manual or automatic. The manual ones are those
that the output of an Information System can constitute
provided directly by the user,
the entry to another Information System or module. In this
while the automatic ones are data or
case, there is also an automatic output interface. For
information that comes from or is taken from others
For example, the Customer Control System has an interface
systems or modules. The latter is referred to as
automatic output with the Accounting System, since
automatic interfaces.
generate the accounting entries of the procedural movements of
the customers.

The writing of an algorithm

It must be as clear and structured as possible, so thatPrograms
Make it easier for your understanding. Make it easier for your

coding in a programming language. Raptor

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