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Chapter 32 33 Summary

Chapters 32 and 33 cover the concepts of index of refraction, reflection, and refraction of light, including definitions and formulas related to these phenomena. It explains the behavior of light as it passes through different mediums, the characteristics of converging and diverging lenses, and the formation of real and virtual images. Additionally, it introduces key terminologies and equations related to lens power and magnification.

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13 views4 pages

Chapter 32 33 Summary

Chapters 32 and 33 cover the concepts of index of refraction, reflection, and refraction of light, including definitions and formulas related to these phenomena. It explains the behavior of light as it passes through different mediums, the characteristics of converging and diverging lenses, and the formation of real and virtual images. Additionally, it introduces key terminologies and equations related to lens power and magnification.

Uploaded by

zyyffy24
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 32 & 33

Index of refraction (n)


𝑪 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒏 𝒂 𝒗𝒂𝒄𝒖𝒖𝒎
𝒏= =
𝑽 𝒔𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒊𝒏 𝒂 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒖𝒊𝒎

• n is unit less (no unit)


• n >1
• n=1 in vacuum ( air)

Normal line:
is the line perpendicular to the surface.

Reflection Refraction
* is the bending of as it passes
*is the return of waves from a from one transparent substance
surface to the same meduim. into another.
𝜃𝑖 = 𝜃𝑟. n1 sin𝜃1 = 𝑛2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2

kinds of reflection Light cross from

Diffuse reflection Specular reflection From nsmall to nlarge From nlarge to nsmall
(Scattered) (Same way) 𝜃1 > 𝜃2 𝜃1 < 𝜃2
Converging and diverging lenes:

The focal point is the point at which the light rays converge

The focal length 𝑓 is defined as the distance along the optical axis
between the center of the lens and the focal point.

Terminologies: ƒ: the focal distance.

ho: the object height. do: the object distance.

hi: the image height. di: the image distance.

Images in Converging Lenses

Real Image Virtual Image


Images of Diverging Lenses:
Always virtual image, whether the object inside or outside the
focal length

Focal length from Radius of Curvature

R1 R2 R1 R2

Magnification: Lens equation

Power of Lenses
P = 1⁄ƒ Unit (m-1 = diopters D)

converging lens diverging lens


Focal length (f) + −
Object Height (ho) + +
Object distance (do) + +
Image Height (hi) − for real (upside down) + Always virtual (upright)
+ for virtual (upright)
Image distance (di) + for real / − for virtual − Always virtual
Magnification (m) − for real / + for virtual + Always virtual

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