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JavaScript Async Concepts & Interview Tips

The document provides an overview of key JavaScript concepts such as Promises, async/await, and the Event Loop, along with their roles in managing asynchronous behavior. It also addresses common interview questions regarding variable scoping, hoisting, equality checks, and closures. The information is structured to aid in understanding JavaScript execution and prepare for technical interviews.

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19 views2 pages

JavaScript Async Concepts & Interview Tips

The document provides an overview of key JavaScript concepts such as Promises, async/await, and the Event Loop, along with their roles in managing asynchronous behavior. It also addresses common interview questions regarding variable scoping, hoisting, equality checks, and closures. The information is structured to aid in understanding JavaScript execution and prepare for technical interviews.

Uploaded by

murtaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

JavaScript Execution & Asynchronous Concepts - Interview Notes

Promises:
A Promise represents a value that will be available later. It can resolve (success) or reject (failure).
Use .then() for success, .catch() for error, and .finally() for cleanup.

async / await:
async and await make it easier to handle Promises. async functions always return a Promise, and
await pauses execution until the Promise resolves.

Callback Hell:
Callback Hell happens when many nested callbacks make code hard to read. It's solved by using
Promises or async/await to write cleaner, flatter code.

call(), apply(), and bind():


Used to manually set 'this' in functions. call() and apply() execute immediately, while bind() returns a
new function with fixed 'this'. apply() takes arguments as an array; call() takes them individually.

Event Loop:
The Event Loop manages JavaScript's asynchronous behavior. It checks the Call Stack, Microtask
Queue, and Macrotask Queue, ensuring non-blocking execution.

Execution Priority:
JavaScript runs in this order: Synchronous -> Microtasks (Promises) -> Macrotasks (setTimeout) ->
Rendering. Promises have higher priority than timers.

Example Order:
[Link]('1'); setTimeout(()=>[Link]('2'),0); [Link]().then(()=>[Link]('3'));
[Link]('4'); Output: 1, 4, 3, 2

Most Asked JavaScript Interview Questions & Answers

Q1: What is the difference between var, let, and const?


-> var is function-scoped and can be redeclared. let and const are block-scoped. const values
cannot be reassigned.

Q2: What is hoisting in JavaScript?


-> Hoisting means variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their scope before
code execution.

Q3: What is the difference between == and === ?


-> == checks value only (performs type conversion). === checks both value and type (strict
equality).

Q4: What are arrow functions?


-> Shorter syntax for functions. Arrow functions do not have their own 'this'; they inherit from the
parent scope.

Q5: What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous code?


-> Synchronous code runs line by line. Asynchronous code uses callbacks, promises, or async/await
to run later without blocking.

Q6: What is the difference between null and undefined?


-> undefined means a variable has been declared but not assigned. null means an intentional empty
value.

Q7: What are closures?


-> A closure is when a function remembers variables from its outer scope even after the outer
function has finished executing.

Q8: What is the use of the event loop?


-> It allows JavaScript to handle asynchronous tasks efficiently by managing call stack and queues.

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