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Introduction to SQL Basics and Usage

SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases, established as a standard by ANSI in 1986 and ISO in 1987. It allows users to execute queries, retrieve, insert, update, delete records, and create databases and tables. A database typically consists of tables, which are made up of records (rows) and fields (columns) that store specific information.

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12 views2 pages

Introduction to SQL Basics and Usage

SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases, established as a standard by ANSI in 1986 and ISO in 1987. It allows users to execute queries, retrieve, insert, update, delete records, and create databases and tables. A database typically consists of tables, which are made up of records (rows) and fields (columns) that store specific information.

Uploaded by

sundymaung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SQL

Chapter 1:
Introduction to SQL
SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases.

What is SQL?
SQL stands for Structured Query Language
SQL lets you access and manipulate databases
SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986, and
of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987

What Can SQL do?


SQL can execute queries against a database
SQL can retrieve data from a database
SQL can insert records in a database
SQL can update records in a database
SQL can delete records from a database
SQL can create new databases
SQL can create new tables in a database
SQL can create stored procedures in a database
SQL can create views in a database
SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

Using SQL in Your Web Site


To build a web site that shows data from a database, you will need:

An RDBMS database program (i.e. MS Access, SQL Server, MySQL)


To use a server-side scripting language, like PHP or ASP
To use SQL to get the data you want
To use HTML / CSS to style the page

Look at the "Customers" table:


customer_id first_name last_name age country

1 John Doe 31 USA

2 Robert Luna 22 USA

3 David Robinson 22 UK

4 John Reinhardt 25 UK

5 Betty Doe 28 UAE

Every table is broken up into smaller entities called fields. The fields in the Customers table
consist of CustomerID, CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode and
Country. A field is a column in a table that is designed to maintain specific information about
every record in the table.

A record, also called a row, is each individual entry that exists in a table. For example, there
are 91 records in the above Customers table. A record is a horizontal entity in a table.

A column is a vertical entity in a table that contains all information associated with a specific
field in a table.

Database Tables
A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g.
"Customers" or "Orders"), and contain records (rows) with data.

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