1) [Link] is a JavaScript framework.
It's a progressive framework, that means it's easy to
integrate into an existing project or gradually, but it can also be used to develop an
entire application from the beginning. Its main goal is to simplify front-end
development, particularly by enabling the creation of easily maintainable
applications. Its key features are:
- Component-based architecture: for code reuse and maintenance
- Bidirectional data binding automatically synchronizes data and display
- Use of a virtual DOM: improves performance.
[Link] is therefore well suited for applications, integrating easily even into existing
projects, and allowing for easy code modification and maintenance.
2) jQuery is a JavaScript library designed to simplify interactions with the DOM, AJAX
requests, and events. jQuery simplifies code and improves cross-browser
compatibility, making it more appealing than traditional JavaScript.
3) [Link] and jQuery are not used in the same way. The first allows you to create
complete and structured projects, while the second is better suited to simpler tasks,
such as updating or managing a web page. In short, [Link] allows you to build truly
large-scale applications thanks to a clear and easily maintainable architecture, while
jQuery is better suited to smaller projects requiring little or no maintenance.
4) GET: Used to retrieve information from the server, for example, GET /users/X will
retrieve the information for user X.
PUT: Used to modify or exchange a resource, for example, PUT /users/X updates the
information for user X.
POST: Used to send data to the server to create something new, for example, POS
/user creates a new user using the transmitted data.
DELETE: Deletes a resource, for example, DELETE /users/X
5) HTTP status codes are messages that the server sends after receiving a command to
confirm to the user how their command was processed.
2XX indicates successful execution; for example, 200 means "OK".
3XX indicates the user did not specify the correct location; for example, 301 means
"Moved permanently," so the resource is no longer located there.
4XX indicates a user error; for example, 404 "Not found" means there is no resource
at the requested URL.
5XX indicates a server error; for example, 503 "Service Unavailable" means the
server is not responding.
6) An HTTP request is composed by several components. There is a request line (which
specifies the action and the resource), a body (containing data to be sent, if any), and
headers. The methods allow you to specify the action you want to perform, while
the headers detail how this action will be carried out, providing additional
information.
7) [Link] is a runtime environment that allows you to execute JavaScript code outside
of a browser. Furthermore, its event driver allows it to handle requests using a loop
rather than multiple threads. This means that different requests are handled
sequentially, reducing the load if there are many requests because it doesn't block; it
performs one task and then, if it needs to wait for resources, moves on to the next
task until those resources are available.
8) [Link] is a framework for [Link] that makes creating web servers easier.
Middlewares are functions that handle requests before they reach their final
destination.
Routing finds the paths and actions associated with URLs. Together, these two
elements allow you to create web applications that are easy to maintain and have a
good structure.
9) A [Link] single-file component is a file ending in .vue that contains all the code for a
component. Inside, the code is separated into three blocks: one for HTML, one for
CSS, and one for JavaScript.
10) Cookies are files stored in the user's browser. They serve to retain non-ephemeral
information and are sent to the server with each request. Sessions are like cookies,
but stored on the server. They allow the server to retain user data and their state.
When a user logs in, the cookies send a session ID to the server, allowing the server
to retrieve the information it already has about the user.
