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Chapter 1 Tutorial Illumination

The document provides examples of light and optics calculations. Example 1 calculates the frequency of light from a Helium-Neon laser with a given wavelength. Example 3 calculates the solid angle subtended by an area on a sphere. Example 4 calculates the intensity of a spotlight beam focused on an area. Example 5 calculates the illumination and flux on a tabletop from a light source. The criteria section then provides the lumen method formula for calculating average illuminance from lighting installations, including factors for flux, number of lamps, luminaires, utilization factor, and maintenance factor. A sample problem applies this method to calculate the number of high bay luminaires needed to light a warehouse with a given area and required average illuminance.

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Femi Prince
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177 views9 pages

Chapter 1 Tutorial Illumination

The document provides examples of light and optics calculations. Example 1 calculates the frequency of light from a Helium-Neon laser with a given wavelength. Example 3 calculates the solid angle subtended by an area on a sphere. Example 4 calculates the intensity of a spotlight beam focused on an area. Example 5 calculates the illumination and flux on a tabletop from a light source. The criteria section then provides the lumen method formula for calculating average illuminance from lighting installations, including factors for flux, number of lamps, luminaires, utilization factor, and maintenance factor. A sample problem applies this method to calculate the number of high bay luminaires needed to light a warehouse with a given area and required average illuminance.

Uploaded by

Femi Prince
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Example 1.

Light from a Helium-Neon laser has a


wavelength of 632 nm. What is the frequency of this
wave?

The Helium Neon Laser

Wavelength
= 632 nm

Laser

c f

c
3 x 108 m/s
f
632 x 10-9 m

14
ff=
=4.75
4.75xx10
1014Hz
Hz

Red light

Example 3. What solid angle is subtended at the


center of a sphere by an area of 1.6 m2? The
radius of the sphere is 5 m.

R
5m

A
1.6 m2

The
Steradian

A
2
R

A
2
R

1.60 m

2
(5.00 m)
=
=0.00640
0.00640sr
sr

Example 4. A 30 cd spotlight is located 3 m above a


table. The beam is focused on a surface area of 0.4
m2. Find the intensity of the beam.
Totalflux:
flux: FF=
=44I I
Total
FT = 4(30 cd) = 377 lm
The luminous intensity of the
beam depends on

A 0.4 m 2
2
; 0.0444 sr
2
R
(3 m)
F
754 lm
I
0.0444 sr

R
3
m

Beam Intensity:
=8490
8490cd
cd
I I=

Example 5. A 400-cd light is located 2.4 m from a


tabletop of area 1.2 m2. What is the illumination
and what flux F falls on the table?

I
400 cd
E 2
2
R
(2.40 m)
Illumination:

E = 69.4 lx

Now, recalling that E = F/A, we find F from:

F = EA = (69.4 lx)(1.20 m2)

F = 93.3 lm

CRITERIA IN MANUAL
CALCULATION
Calculation by Lumen Method:
The average illuminance produced by a lighting installation or the number of
luminaires required to achieve a specific average illuminance, can be
calculated by means of utilization factors. The average illuminance E s over a
reference surface s can be calculated from the lumen method formula.
F x n x N x MF x UFs
Es = -----------------------------area of surface s
where:

F is the initial bare lamp flux (lumens, lm)

n is the number of lamps per luminaire


N is the number of luminaires
Ufs is the utilization factor for the reference surface s
MF is the maintenance factor (dirty: 0.7, normal: 0.8, clean: 0.9)

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization


and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

CRITERIA IN MANUAL CALCULATION

Sample Problem:
Mr. Cruz wants to light up his new warehouse in Laguna. The warehouse
measures 20m x 30m. He wants to mount his luminaires on the trusses 8m
above finish floor line. What type of luminaire will he use and how many of
those will he purchase?
Given: L = 20m, W= 30m, H = 8m, MF = use 0.8
Reflectances (use default) : C = 0.7 W = 0.5 F = 0.2
Solution:
To obtain UF, solve for Room Index (RI) = A/(L+W)Hw, RI = 1.5
Required Average Illuminance (Eave) for warehouse as per standard is 100 lux

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization


and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization


and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

Solution (cont.):
Since mounting height is 8m, use high bay fixture.
From UF table of Thorn High Bay, UF = 0.78
Substituting to equation:
F x n x N x MF x UFs
E = -----------------------------A
(100)(600)
N = ------------------------------(27500)(1)(0.8)(0.78)
N = 3.49, use 4 sets 250W SON-T high bay lighting fixture
Checking the lighting level, E = 114.4 lux
04-Aug-2014

EEE F427 Electric Power Utilization


and Illumination
R. Femi, EEE & I Department

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