MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Introduction to the Computer-Based
Information System
Components of a
Computer-Based Information System
(CBIS)
Components of a CIBS
PROCEDURES
A computer-based
information system (CBIS)
is an information system in
which the computer plays
a major role.
What is computer?
• Computer is an Electronic Data
Processing Machine. It operates under the
instruction store in it own memory unit that
accept INPUT or Data process it
Arithmetically and Logically, produce
OUTPUT after processing and STORE the
information for future use.
Function of Computer
• Input
• Processing
• Output
• Storage
Devices
• Input
– 1. Key Board 2. Mouse
• Processing
– 1 CPU
a) ALU b) CU
– 2 Primary Memory
a) RAM b) ROM
• Output
– 1. Monitor 2. Printer
• Storage
- 1. Secondary Storage
a) Hard Disk b) Floppy Disk
Components of a
Computer-Based Information System
• Hardware
Physical parts of a computer
• Software
Instructions and data necessary to run a computer program
• Data
Raw facts
• Procedures
The policies that govern the operations of a computer system. “Procedures
are to people what software is to hardware”
• People
The most overlooked element of the CBIS. People are probably the
components that most influence the success or failure of information system.
Users, programmers, system analysts, and database administrators are some
of the people associated with the CBIS.
Processing
CPU
Arithmetic
Logic Unit
Input Output
Control Unit
Memory
Technical
Operation
Storage
of a CIBS
The programs available on a CBIS consists of two types:
1. System Software
2. Application Software
System Software
• System software exists primarily for the
computer itself, to help the computer perform
specific functions.
• One major type of system software is the
operating system (OS). All computers require
an operating system.
• The OS tells the computer how to interact with
the user and its own devices.
• Common operating systems include Windows,
the Macintosh OS, OS/2, and UNIX .
Application Software
• Application software tells the computer how to
accomplish tasks the user requires, such as
creating a document or editing a graphic image.
• Some important kinds of application software are:
Word processing programs Spreadsheet software
Database management Presentation programs
Graphics programs Networking software
Web design tools and browsers Internet applications
Communications programs Utilities
Entertainment and education Multimedia authoring
Organizing Data on CBISs
To be processed by a CBIS, data must be systematically organized.
The most common method is to arrange data into fields, records, files,
and databases.
A field is a collection of related characters.
A record is a collection of related fields.
A file is a collection of related records
A file containing semi-permanent data is often called a master file.
Files that contain records representing transactions – business
related events that take place on each of the entities represented in a
master file – are called transaction files.
Many organization use file management software or database
management system (DBMS) to manage their data.
Achieving the CBIS
Five Main Resources
}
1. Personnel
2. Material
3. Machines Physical
(including facilities and energy)
4. Money
5. Information (and data) } Conceptual
Information Management
Information:
The most valuable resource
How Resources are Managed
a. Acquire
b. Assemble, or
prepare
c. Maximize use
d. Replace
Who are the Users?
1. Managers
2. Non-managers
3. Persons & organizations in the firm’s
environment
Where Managers are Found
a. Various management levels
b. Various functional areas of the firm
Levels of Managers
i. Strategic planning
ii. Management control
iii. Operational control
Managers Can Be Found on All
Levels and in All Functional
Areas of the Firm
Strategic planning level
Management Control Level
Operational Control
Level
Finance Human Information Manufacturing Marketing
Function Resources Services Function Function
Function Function
What Managers do --
Strategic Management Operational
Planning Level Control Level Control Level
Plan Organize Direct
Direct Plan Control
Control
Staff Staff Staff
Control Organize
Organize
Direct Plan
Management Skills
1. Communications
2. Problem solving
} How can an
information
specialist help?
