COMPUTER NETWORKS
FIRST SEMESTER, A.Y. 2019-2020
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. define Computer Network;
2. identify and Differentiate types of Network
Configuration and Transmission Technologies;
3. share insights on today’s need for technological skills in
connection to the importance of Computer Network
MOTIVATION
NAME THAT LOGO
Alibaba Amazon Apple Baidu Gmail
Viber Instagram Linkedin Netflix Pinterest Rakuten
Yahoo! Skype Snapchat Tesla Motors TripAdvisor
WHAT IS A COMPUTER NETWORK?
WHAT IS A COMPUTER NETWORK?
A computer network is a set of computers
connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources.
The most common resource shared today is
connection to the Internet.
TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER
NETWORKS
TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER CONFIGURATION
Peer to Peer
Client - Server
PEER TO PEER (P2P)
In its simplest form, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is
created when two or more PCs are connected and share
resources without going through a separate server
computer.
Files, such as word or spreadsheet document, and other
devices such as printers or scanners, can be easily shared
across this network.
PEER TO PEER
CLIENT TO SERVER
The client–server model is a distributed
application structure that partitions
tasks or workloads between the
providers of a resource or service, called
servers, and service requesters, called
clients.
CLIENT TO SERVER
COMPARATIVE SUMMARY
BETWEEN P2P AND CLIENT -
SERVER
COMPARATIVE SUMMARY
PEER TO PEER (P2P) CLIENT - SERVER
Easy to Setup More difficult to set up
Less Expensive More expensive
Can be implemented on a wide range of A number of operating systems can be
operating systems supported on client computers, but the
server needs to run an OS that
supports network creation.
Time consuming when maintaining the Easily and quickly maintained since
software since every members/ element every member/ element in managed by
must be individually managed. the server.
Low level security High level security
Ideal with less than to computers No limit to the number of computer
Demands a moderate skill level in Requires a high level of IT skills from
network management the system administrator and a good
working knowledge of a server-based
operating system
TYPES OF TRANSMISSION
TECHNOLOGIES
TWO TYPES OF TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES
Broadcast Network
Point to Point Network
BROADCAST NETWORK
has a single communication channel that is
shared within a computer network.
Packets or short messages, are sent and
received by the networked devices.
BROADCAST NETWORK
POINT-TO-POINT NETWORKS
has many connections between devices pairs.
Packets or short messages, are sent and
received by the networked devices.
A transmitted message may go through more
than one devices for it to reach the
destinations.
POINT-TO-POINT NETWORK
EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION
DEVICES
MODEM (MODULATOR DEMODULATOR)
is a device that process digital signals to analog
for transmission over a telephone network
system.
CODEC
is a device that performs the opposite function of a
modem.
It is capable of encoding or decoding digital signals
and is normally used in video conferencing, video
streaming, and video editing.
LINE DRIVER
is a device that transmits signals over short distances.
It doesn’t modulate or demodulate signals but users
filters to reduce the high frequency components which
are then over transmission media.
DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF
COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION CHANNELS
Two-Wire Open Line
Twisted Pair Cable
Coaxial Cable
Fiber Optic Cable
Radio Microwaves and Satellite Channels
TWO-WIRE OPEN LINE
This is used for communication of up to 50cm.
It consist of a pair of metallic wires made of coppers or
aluminum, which is insulted from each other.
TWISTED PAIR CABLE
This is made of a pair insulated conductors that are twisted
together.
It is used for communication up to a distance of 1km.
It is the standard transmission line of telephone networks as it
provides sufficient resistance to interfering noise signals.
UNSHIELDED TWISTER PAIR CABLE
COAXIAL CABLE
This is usually used in TV cables and has a solid
conductor inside that’s surrounded by braided
annual conductors separated by layers of
insulation.
FIBER OPTIC CABLE
A fiber optic cable distributes data in the form of light that’s
reflected in a glass or plastic cable.
It is usually used for long distance communication of for high-
speed data connection since light travels practically without
any significant resistance in the medium
RADIO MICROWAVES AND SATTELITE
These cover large geographical areas, are wireless, and
much cheaper than wired installation.
NETWORK CATEGORIES
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
This type of network is often privately-owned and may
work only within the area of single building or a school.
It is also links personal computers and workstations in
that share resources, like printers and other devices.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
MAN is simply a more expensive version of LAN but uses the
similar technology.
MAN supports digital and analog voice essentially works like a
cable television network.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
WAN covers a wide geographical area. It uses cables or
telephone lines that connects routers.
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
WIRELESS NETWORK
Wireless networks don’t requires cables for
connections but they come in different type.
Computers may digitally communicate directly
with the wireless or they can tap into a wireless
fidelity hotspot which cellular phone providers
readily offer.
WHAT IS A WIRELESS NETWORK?
WHAT IS A TOPOLOGY?
Topology refers to the physical layout of
the network in which devices are
connected.
STAR TOPOLOGY?
Communication in Star topology is dependent on the
central station.
BUS TOPOLOGY?
The stations are connected by a single communication
line.
RING TOPOLOGY?
Each station is linked to a neighboring station
using P2P connections that form a physical ring
configuration.
QUESTIONS? CLARIFICATIONS?
THANK YOU! :)
