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Anaemia in pregnancy
Anaemia in pregnancy
Anaemia in pregnancy is a decrease in the total red
blood cells (RBCs) or haemoglobin in the
blood during pregnancy or in the period following
pregnancy. It involves a reduction in the oxygen
carrying capacity of the blood.
Introduction
Anaemia during pregnancy is one of the
important factors associated with a number of
maternal and foetal complications. It decreases the
woman’s reserve to tolerate bleeding either during
or after child birth and makes prone to infections.
Anaemia during pregnancy also has been
associated with increased risk of intra uterine
growth restriction, premature delivery, low birth
weight (LBW) and maternal and child mortality.
WHO:World Health Statistics data shows
40.1% of pregnant women worldwide were
anemic in 2016.
The condition is prominent in Southeast Asian
countries where about half of all global
maternal deaths are due to anaemia
India contributes to about 80% of the maternal
death due to anaemia in South Asia.
(National Family Health Survey-2005-06) to 50
% in NFHS-4 survey (2015-16).
Journal article 1(Annals of Nigerian Medicine.
2012 Jan 1;6(1):30.)
Author
Pushpa O Lokare, Vinod D Karanjekar, Prakash
L Gattani, Ashok P Kulkarni
Title
A study of prevalence of anaemia and socio-
demographic factors associated with anaemia
among pregnant women
Objectives
To study the prevalence of anaemia and the
various socio-demographic factors associated
with anaemia among pregnant women at an
urban health centre in Aurangabad city, India.
Research design
Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Sample: 352 pregnant women
Sample setting: Urban Health Center (UHC) of
Government Medical College, Aurangabad, India.
Sample technique
systematic random sampling technique
Result
prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant
women was found to be 87.21%.
Factors such as religion, level of education of
women and their husbands and socioeconomic
status were found to be significantly associated with
the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy ( P < 0.05).
Journal article – 2(International Journal of
Nursing Education and Research. 2015;3(2):209-17)
Author :
Dr. Indra V
TITLE
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Antenatal
Mothers on Prevention of Nutritional Anaemia
in Selected Hospital,
objectives
To assess the existing level of knowledge of
antenatal mothers regarding prevention of
nutritional anaemia.
To associate the level of knowledge of antenatal
mothers regarding prevention of nutritional
anaemia with selected demographic variables.
To develop a self instructional module on
prevention of nutritional anaemia
Research design: A descriptive survey design
Sample: 100
Sample setting: The present study was conducted
in the antenatal OPD's of Aswini Hospital (P) Ltd,
Thrissur.
Sampling technique : non probability purposive
sampling.
Result
among 100 samples, 21 (21%) were having inadequate
knowledge,
71 (71%) were having moderate knowledge
only 8 (8%) were having adequate knowledge
regarding prevention of nutritional anaemia
the study also reveals that there is a significant
association between the knowledge levels of antenatal
mothers with selected demographic variables like age
in years and source of information.
the distribution of self instructional module will help
the antenatal mothers to prevent nutritional anaemia
Journal article 3(International Journal of
Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and
Gynecology 2016 Feb;5(2):425-31)
Author
Nivedita K., Fatima Shanthini N.
Title
Knowledge, attitude and practices of pregnant
women regarding anemia, iron rich diet and iron
supplements and its impact on their hemoglobin
levels
Research design
cross sectional, descriptive institution based study
Sample setting Sri Manakula Vinayagar medical
college hospital, Puducherry, India
Sample size
316
Sample technique consecutive sampling technique
objective
to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices
of antenatal women regarding anemia, iron rich
food and iron supplementation and also to
assess the impact of socio demographic factors,
knowledge, attitude and practices on their
hemoglobin levels.
Result
only 39.87% of the participants were aware of and understood the term
anaemia.
53.8% of the participants accepted that pregnant women were more
vulnerable to anaemia
66.1% responded correctly that the fetus will be affected by severe anaemia.
Only 32.6% gave the correct response that pregnant women should take iron
supplementation in spite of taking a healthy diet.
Only 44.62% of the participants were aware of their hemoglobin level in the
current pregnancy. Knowledge about food rich in iron was poor among the
participants regarding afrom any source.
49.36% of the participants were taking only the usual diet during their
pregnancy.
74.36% claimed to have taken iron supplementation regularly
9.8% had not taken iron supplementation.
On hemoglobin estimation it was found that 62.97% of the participants were
anaemic taking 11 grams as the cut off for anaemia.
Journal article 4 ( The journal obstetrics. Nov 2014;
DOI: 10.4103/2321-4848.144308)
AUTHOR
Ashly Baby, Jeevan Venugopal, Renita D'silva,
Shantia Chacko, PV Vineesha, T Vinaya
Kumary
TITLE
Knowledge on management of anemia during
pregnancy
OBJECTIVE
To determine the knowledge of antenatal
mothers regarding management of anemia
during pregnancy.
RESEARCH DESIGN
descriptive study
SAMPLE
A sample size consists of 50 antenatal
mothers were selected through non-
probability purposive sampling.
RESULT
The 54% of the antenatal mothers had
satisfactory knowledge
38% had poor knowledge
8% had good knowledge regarding anemia
during pregnancy.
Journal article 5 (IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences
(IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 13, Issue 4 Ver.
VII. (Apr. 2014), PP 74-80 )
AUTHOR
Rajeev Kumar Yadav, M.K Swamy, Bijendra
Banjade
TITLE
Knowledge and Practice of Anemia among
pregnant women
OBJECTIVE
Anemia in pregnancy is defined by World
Health Organization (WHO) as a hemoglobin
concentration below 11g/dl. Iron-deficiency
anemia is the most common form of
malnutrition in the world and is the eighth
leading cause of disease in girls and pregnant
women in developing countries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
cross sectional study
SAMPLE
total of 400 pregnant women.
SETTING OF THE STUDY
Obstetrics and Gynaecological
outpatient department of K.L.E.S hospital
SAMPLING TECHNIQE
Total of 400 pregnant women attending
ANC clinic were randomly selected and
included in the Study
RESULT
The study found that there was significant
association between
women’s education and knowledge
regarding cause of anemia
knowledge regarding sign and symptoms
regarding anemia
knowledge regarding proper diet to prevent
anemia,
knowledge regarding prevention and
treatment of anemia, preventive practice
