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Conditional Statements: Intro To Algebra Farris 2015

Conditional statements relate two statements using "if...then" logic. They have a hypothesis and conclusion. The truth value of a conditional statement can be determined by looking for counterexamples. Related conditionals include the converse, inverse, and contrapositive. The contrapositive of a conditional statement is logically equivalent to the original statement.

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Wensyl Mae De Guzman
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50 views12 pages

Conditional Statements: Intro To Algebra Farris 2015

Conditional statements relate two statements using "if...then" logic. They have a hypothesis and conclusion. The truth value of a conditional statement can be determined by looking for counterexamples. Related conditionals include the converse, inverse, and contrapositive. The contrapositive of a conditional statement is logically equivalent to the original statement.

Uploaded by

Wensyl Mae De Guzman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CONDITIONAL

STATEMENTS

Intro to Algebra Farris 2015


 I can identify, write, and analyze the
truth value of conditional statements.

 I can write the inverse, converse, and


contrapositive of a conditional
statement.
Definitions
 Conditional Statement - a statement that can
be written in the form “if p, then q.”

 Hypothesis – the part p of a conditional


statement following the word if.

 Conclusion – the part q of a conditional


statement following the word then.
p q
Venn Diagram

q p
Practice
If an animal is a
sparrow, then it is
Birds a bird.

Sparrows
Stringed
Instruments
If an instrument is a
violin, then it is a Violin
stringed instrument.
Identify:

 Identify the hypothesis and


conclusion

 A number is divisible by 3 if it is
divisible by 6.
 If today is Thanksgiving Day, then

today is Thursday.
 A number is a rational number if it
Truth Value
 A conditional statement has a truth value of either
true (T) or false (F).

 If I get paid, I will take you to the movie.


 If I don’t get paid, I haven’t broken my promise. SO
the statement is still true.

 To show a conditional statement is false, you need


only one counterexample where the conclusion is
false.
Truth Value of a Conditional Statement

 If a number is odd, then it is a divisible F


by 3.
 True or false? Counterexample?

 If this month is August, then next month

is September. T
 If two angles are acute, then they are

congruent. F
Related Conditionals
Definition Symbols
A conditional is a statement that can be pq
written in the form “if p, then q.”
The converse is the statement formed qp
by exchanging the hypothesis and
conclusion.
The inverse is the statement formed by ~p~q
negating the hypothesis and the
conclusion.
The contrapositive is the statement ~q~p
formed by both exchanging and
negating the hypothesis and
conclusion.
Examples
 Converse: If an animal has 4 paws, then
it is a cat. F

 Inverse: If an animal is not a cat, then it

does not have 4 paws. F


 Contrapositive: If an animal does not

have 4 paws, then it is not a cat. T


Logically Equivalent Statements
 Related conditional statements that have
the same truth value
 A conditional and its contrapositive are

logically equivalent.
 A converse and its inverse are logically

equivalent.
The logical equivalence of a
conditional and its contrapositive is
known as the Law of Contrapositive.

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