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University of Science & Technology, Chittagong: Root Locus Tecnique

The document discusses the root locus technique for control system engineering. It provides an introduction to root locus, describes how to construct a root locus diagram including rules, and gives an example problem to calculate breakaway and break-in points on the real axis.

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Kashfi Barua
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64 views11 pages

University of Science & Technology, Chittagong: Root Locus Tecnique

The document discusses the root locus technique for control system engineering. It provides an introduction to root locus, describes how to construct a root locus diagram including rules, and gives an example problem to calculate breakaway and break-in points on the real axis.

Uploaded by

Kashfi Barua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

University of Science & Technology, Chittagong

ROOT LOCUS TECNIQUE


Name: KASHFI BARUA RIEA
ID. 17010338
Course: CONTROL SYSTEM ENGINEERING
Course Code: EEE415
Department: EEE
Batch: 19th
Semester: 7th
CONTENT:
• Introduction
• Angle and Magnitude Condition
• Construction of Root Locus
• Related Example
• Applications of Root Locus
Introduction

ROOT LOCUS:
• Root locus is a graphical representation of the closed-loop poles as a
system parameter is varied.
• It can be used to describe qualitatively the performance of a system as
various parameters are changed.
• It gives graphic representation of a system’s transient response and
also stability.
Angle and Magnitude Condition

The characteristic equation in general is


1 + G(s)H(s) = 0
therefore, G(s)H(s) = -1
As the plane is complex, we can write
G(s)H(s) = -1+j0
This equation has magnitude as well as phase,
G(s)H(s) = |-1+j0| = 1
Construction of Root locus

• Rule-1: Number of Branches


• Rule-2: Symmetry
• Rule-3: Real axis segments
• Rule-4: Starting and Ending Points
• Rule-5: Behavior at infinity
• Rule-6: Real axis Breakaway and Break-in points
Example Regarding Root locus
•A  unity negative feedback system has a loop transfer function, L(s) = Sketch the
root locus as a function of K. Carefully Calculate where the segments enter and
leave the real axis.
Solution.
Here, the number of poles, s = 0, j 1.41
The number of zeros, s = j 0.36
The characteristic equation of closed loop system is,
1+ G(s)H(s) = 1+
or, 0 = 1+
or, -1 =
Example Regarding Root locus
•  or, K =
Along the real axis, s = σ,
K=
Now differentiating K with respect to σ and setting the derivative equal to zero yields,
= =0
or,
or,
Or,
Or, = 0
Or,
Or,
Or, σ =
Here, breakaway point and break-in point
Figure: Root Locus
Applications of Root Locus
• To analyze the stability of the system
• To analyze a system in the form of a transfer function.
• To determine a gain for the transfer function in a open loop
system
• To modify poles and the zeroes
•  To define the system behavior

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