MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM
BY
S.Siddharth
WHAT IS A MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM ?
A mobile operating system,
also known as a mobile OS,
a mobile platform, or
a handheld operating system
TYPES OF OS
Open Handset Alliance
Established in 5th Nov 2007, led by Google,
open Source
Main Product Android Platform
Enthusiastic Support from Industry
Equipment makers
Network Operators
HTC was First to deliver ANDROID
What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) ?
Devoted to advancing open standards for
mobile devices
Develop technologies that will significantly
lower the cost of developing and
Distributing mobile devices and services
Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
It's a consortium of several companies
Some of the well known OHA
What is Android ?
“Android is a software stack for
mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware and
key applications.”
Why Android Was Created?
Full phone software stack including applications.
Designed as a platform for software development.
Android is open.
Android is free
Community support
100% Java Phone
Programming Languages
Java officially supported
C/C++ also possible but not supported
Operating System
Android uses Linux for its device drivers, memory
management, process management, and networking.
The next level up contains the Android native libraries.
They are all written in C/C++ internally, but you’ll be
calling them through Java interfaces. In this layer you
can find the Surface Manager, 2D and 3D graphics,
Media codecs, the SQL database (SQLite), and a native
web browser engine (WebKit).
Dalvik Virtual Machine. Dalvik runs dex files, which are
converted at compile time from standard class and jar
files.
Android Features
Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine
SQLite for relational data storage
Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats
(MPEG4, H.264,MP3, AAC, AMR,JPG, PNG,GIF)
Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices
Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G (hardware dependent)
LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent)
Graphics Hardware Acceleration
Camera, GPS and Compass (hardware dependent)
Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing
ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
The software stack is split into Four Layers:
The application layer
The application framework
The libraries and runtime
The kernel
Applications:
Set of core applications including an email client, SMS
program, calendar, maps, browser, contacts
All applications are written using the Java programming
language.
Application Framework:
Access location information, run background services, set
alarms, add notifications to the status bar, and much, much
more.
Build an application, including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons,
and even an embeddable web browser
Providing access to non-code resources such as localized
strings, graphics, and layout files
Libraries
System C library-implementation of the C library (libc)
Media Libraries- based on Packet Video's Open CORE
Surface Manager-composites 2D and 3D graphic layers
LibWeb Core-a modern embeddable web view
SGL- the underlying 2D graphics engine
3Dlibraries-based on Open GLES 1.0 APIs; the libraries use hardware 3D
acceleration
Free Type-bitmap and vector font rendering
SQLite-a powerful and lightweight relational database
engine
Android Runtime
Includes a set of core libraries of JAVA that provides most of the
functionality.
Runs in its own process, with its own instance of
the Dalvik Virtual Machine.
The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik
Executable (.dex)
Linux Kernel
Acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware
and the rest of the software stack.
Relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services
such as security, memory management, process
management, network stack, and driver model.
Advantages
• The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform
• The consumer will benefit from having a wide range of mobile applications to
choose from since the monopoly will be broken by Google Android
• Men will be able to customize a mobile phones using Google Android platform
like never before
• Features like weather details, opening screen, live RSS feeds and even the
icons on the opening screen will be able to be customized
• As a result of many mobile phones carrying Google Android, companies will come
up with such innovative products like the location
• In addition the entertainment functionalities will be taken a notch higher by
Google Android being able to offer online real time multiplayer games
Limitations
Development requirements in
Java
Android SDK
Eclipse IDE (optional)
Bluetooth limitations
Android doesn't support:
• Bluetooth stereo
• Contacts exchange
• Modem pairing
• Wireless keyboards
*But it'll work with Bluetooth headsets, but that's about it
• Firefox Mobile isn't coming to Android
• Apps in Android Market need to be programmed with a custom form of Java
Mozilla and the Fennec won't have that
Future of Android
Android for microwaves
Android for refrigerators
Android powered watches
Applications
Initial screen Map Browser
Conclusion
• Android is open to all: industry, developers and
users
• Google Android is stepping into the next level of
Mobile Internet
• We can only hope that the next versions of
Android have overcome the actual limitations
and that the future possibilities became a reality
ANY QUERIES ?
