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Voltage vs. SoC in Lithium-Ion Cells

Cells have characteristics like voltage, capacity, specific power, and C-rate. Voltage depends on materials and arrangement of cells. Capacity is the energy stored and discharged, denoted in Ah. Specific power is power delivered per unit weight. C-rate governs charge/discharge rates based on capacity. State of charge (SOC) is current capacity percentage while depth of discharge (DOD) is discharged capacity percentage.

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Vivek Kumar
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161 views8 pages

Voltage vs. SoC in Lithium-Ion Cells

Cells have characteristics like voltage, capacity, specific power, and C-rate. Voltage depends on materials and arrangement of cells. Capacity is the energy stored and discharged, denoted in Ah. Specific power is power delivered per unit weight. C-rate governs charge/discharge rates based on capacity. State of charge (SOC) is current capacity percentage while depth of discharge (DOD) is discharged capacity percentage.

Uploaded by

Vivek Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Characteristics of a cell:

• Voltage
• Voltage v/s SoC curve
• Capacity
• Specific power
• C-rate
• State of charge
Voltage:
• It is the potential difference between positive and
negative terminals.
• Voltage depends on the materials used for anode and
cathode.
• A cells voltage can be calculated using the standard
electrode potential datasheet.
• The voltage of a battery can be increased by arranging
the cells in series.
Voltage v/s SoC:

Source: Energies journal


(A Generalized SOC-OCV Model for Lithium-
Ion Batteries and the SOC Estimation for
LNMCO Battery)
Capacity:
• It is the specific energy which a battery can discharge. It can
also be defined as the amount of energy a battery can store.
• It is denoted by Ampere-hour(Ah).
• More the capacity more time will be taken for a battery to be
charged, but it can also deliver power for a longer time.
• Capacity of a battery pack increases if the cells are connected
in parallel.
• The capacity of a lithium-ion battery is specifically defined by
the number of lithium atoms an anode can accommodate.
• Structure of LiC6:

Intercalation:

• Structure of SiLi6:

SiLi4 SiLi6
• A cell with LiC6 anode produces 320mA/g and a cell with SiLi6 anode
will produce 4200mA/g, drastically increasing the capacity of the cell.
• Although this cannot be achieved due to the continuous expansion
and contraction in the anode, which leads to failure of the cell.
• Instead 5% silicon is added along with the graphite to increase the
overall capacity of the cell.
Specific Power:
• Specific power means how much power a battery can
deliver at a certain weight. A lithium-ion battery of 1kg
can deliver 300W power.

• It represents the loading capability of a cell.


C-rate:
• Charge and discharge rates of a battery are governed by
C-rates. C-rate Time

0.25C 4 hours

0.5C 2 hours

1C 1 hour

2C 30 minutes

4C 15 minutes

C-rate and service times when charging and


discharging batteries of 1Ah (1,000mAh)
[Link]
the_c_rate
SOC and DOD:
• Value of the present battery capacity as a percentage of
maximum capacity.
• The percentage of battery capacity that has been
discharged expressed as a percentage of maximum
capacity is DOD
• Total battery capacity in percentage= SOC+DOD.

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