RATIONAL NUMBERS
(MATHS SEMINAR)
Rational number
• A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a ratio
of p/q, where p and q are integers, and q does not equal to
zero.
• If the denominator is zero, then the number is not a
rational number.
• The numerator and the denominator of a rational number will
be integers.
( The word ‘rational’ arises from the term ‘ratio’ )
Rational numbers
• Every natural numbers are rational numbers but every
rational numbers are not natural numbers .
• Every whole numbers are rational numbers but every
rational numbers are not whole numbers .
• Every integers are rational numbers but every rational
numbers are not integers .
• Every fractions are rational numbers but every rational
numbers are not fractions .
Need of rational number in real life
• We use taxes in the form of fractions.
• When you share a pizza or anything.
• Interest rates on loans and mortgages.
• When you completed home work half portion , you say
that you completed 50% i.e.,1/2
• Interest on a savings accounts.
Equivalent rational numbers
• Equivalent rational numbers are rational numbers that
have the same value but which are represented in a
different form.
• Example : 3/4 = 6/8 = 9/12 = 12/16
2/8 = 4/16 = 6/24 = 8/32
Negative Rational Number
• A Rational Number is said to be negative if the
numerator and denominator are of opposite sign i.e. any
one of them is a positive integer and the other is a
negative integer.
• Example :
-21/71
42/-54
-252/121
10/-19
-123/234
Positive Rational Number
• Positive rational numbers are the numbers for which both
the numerator and the denominator are either positive
integers or negative integers.
• Rational number is positive if both numerator and
denominator have the same sign.
• Example :
-2/-7
4/5
-25/-21
12/29
12/34
Rational numbers on a number line
• Rational numbers can be depicted on the number line.
The centre of the number line is called Origin (O)
• Positive rational numbers are illustrated on the right
side of zero (called origin), and negative on left side of
origin.
• The representation of rational numbers on the
number line depends on the type of fraction.
Example
1) Representation of -3/4 on the number line.
• First, we mark the origin and integer value -1 on the
number line, since proper rational numbers lie between
0 and -1.
• Next, we divide this region into 4 equal parts.
• To mark -3/4, move three parts on the left-side of zero.
Rational numbers in standard form
Example
Comparison of Rational numbers
Rational numbers between two rational
numbers
• A number of rational numbers between two rational numbers can be located.
Between any two rational numbers, countless rational numbers can be found.
•
How to Find Rational Numbers Between two Rational Numbers With the
Same Denominator Value ?
• The first step in determining the rational numbers between two
rational numbers is to check the value of the denominators.
• If the denominator values are the same, check the value of the
numerators.
• If the numerators differ by a large value, then the rational numbers
between the two rational numbers can be written in the increments of
one for the numerator without altering the value of the denominator.
• Example: The 5 rational numbers between 1/9 and 7/9 are
2/9,3/9,4/9,5/9,6/9
• If the values of the numerators differ by a lesser value than the number
of rational numbers to be found, then the numerators and
denominators of both the rational numbers are multiplied by multiples
of 10.
Example
Operations on rational numbers
• You know how to add , subtract , multiply and divide integers a well as
fractions . Let us now study the base operation on rational numbers
THANK YOU !!!
