Lesson 1
Long Division of
Polynomials
Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to
• correctly divide polynomials using long division; and
• properly express the quotient of two polynomials
using long division.
Essential Questions
• How will you divide polynomials using long division?
• How will you express the quotient of two polynomials
using long division?
Warm Up!
For this lesson, we will discuss how to divide polynomials using
long division. Before we proceed, let’s watch the next video to
recall about the steps in dividing numbers via long division.
(Click on the links to access videos.)
“The Steps to Long Division”. TheAnimatedClassroom. Retrieved
17 March 2019 from [Link]
Guide Questions
● What are the words that presented in the video that can
be used to memorize the steps in long division?
● What are mathematical operations that we need to use in
this method?
● Is the order of the mathematical operations used
important in the said method? What happens if we used
the wrong order?
Learn about It!
Long Division
1 a method of dividing polynomials which follows the same process in dividing
whole numbers
Example:
The solution on the right shows how to
divide by using
long division.
Learn about It!
Division Algorithm
2 suppose and are polynomials such that the degree of is less than or equal to the
degree of and , then there exist polynomials and , where the degree of is less
than the degree of , which satisfy the equation
Example:
The quotient when is divided by is , and its remainder is .
Using the division algorithm, we can write the dividend as
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
1. Arrange the terms of the dividend in descending powers
of the variable, replacing 0 to any missing term.
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
2. Divide the first term of the dividend by the first term of
the divisor and write the quotient on top of .
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
3. Multiply the quotient obtained in Step 2 by the divisor
and write the product below the dividend.
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
4. Subtract the product obtained in Step 3 from the first two
terms of the dividend and write the result below.
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
5. Bring down the next term of the dividend
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
6. Repeat Step 2 to Step 5 until all terms
are brought down and the last difference
obtained has a degree lower than the
divisor.
Try It!
Example 1: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
7. Express the answer in the form .
The quotient is , the remainder is , and the divisor is . Thus,
the final answer is
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
1. Arrange the terms of the dividend in descending powers
of the variable, replacing 0 to any missing term.
The dividend is missing an term. Thus, we should replace it
with a so that we can divide the expressions correctly.
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
2. Divide the first term of the dividend by the first term of
the divisor and write the quotient on top of .
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
3. Multiply the quotient obtained in Step 2 by the divisor
and write the product below the dividend.
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
4. Subtract the product obtained in Step 3 from the first two
terms of the dividend and write the result below.
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
5. Bring down the next term of the dividend
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
6. Repeat Step 2 to Step 5 until all terms
are brought down and the last difference
obtained has a degree lower than the
divisor.
Try It!
Example 2: Divide by using long division.
Solution:
7. Express the answer in the form .
The quotient is , the remainder is , and the divisor is . Thus,
the final answer is
Let’s Practice!
Individual Practice:
1. Divide by using long division.
2. Find the quotient and the remainder when the expression
is divided by .
Let’s Practice!
Let’s Practice!
Group Practice: To be done in groups of five.
The volume of a rectangular prism is given by the polynomial
cubic units. If the width of the prism is units and its height is
units, determine the expression that represent the length of
the prism.
Key Points
Long Division
1 a method of dividing polynomials which follows the same process in dividing
whole numbers
Division Algorithm
2 suppose and are polynomials such that the degree of is less than or equal to the
degree of and , then there exist polynomials and , where the degree of is less
than the degree of , which satisfy the equation
Synthesis
• How do we divide polynomials using long division?
• Which step in using long division did you find difficult?
Why?
• Do you think there is a faster method of dividing
polynomials?
