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Introduction to Sets and Number Types

This document introduces sets and set notation. It defines what a set is as a collection of well-defined objects that share a common characteristic. Examples of different types of number sets are provided like even numbers, odd numbers, prime numbers. The key characteristics of a well-defined set versus a not well-defined set are described. Common set notations like uppercase letters naming sets, lowercase letters referring to elements, and the symbols ∈ and ∉ to denote elementhood and non-elementhood are introduced. Activities are included to have the reader identify well-defined and not well-defined sets and use set notation.

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Jakielyn Mangampat
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78 views18 pages

Introduction to Sets and Number Types

This document introduces sets and set notation. It defines what a set is as a collection of well-defined objects that share a common characteristic. Examples of different types of number sets are provided like even numbers, odd numbers, prime numbers. The key characteristics of a well-defined set versus a not well-defined set are described. Common set notations like uppercase letters naming sets, lowercase letters referring to elements, and the symbols ∈ and ∉ to denote elementhood and non-elementhood are introduced. Activities are included to have the reader identify well-defined and not well-defined sets and use set notation.

Uploaded by

Jakielyn Mangampat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to Sets

Review: Set of Numbers


Counting numbers/Natural numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …
Whole numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …
Even numbers: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, …
Odd numbers: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, …
Prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 …
Composite numbers: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 …
Integers : …, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 …
Perfect squares : 1, 4, 9, 16, 25…
Multiples: Skip counting by…
Activity # 1
A B C
A B C A={ }
A = { shoes, jacket, cap }

B={ }
B = { ball, doll, toy car }

C={ }
C = {orange, mango,
banana }
S
A = { shoes, jacket, cap }
A = { set of objects that can be
worn.}

B = { ball, doll, toy car }


B = { set of toys } E
C = {orange, mango, banana }
C = { set of fruits} T
Sets
- A set is defined as a collection of well – defined
objects that shares a common characteristics.

Collection
- Objects are related or with a common characteristics.
Well – defined set
- If it is clear whether a particular object belongs to a set

-a well-defined set is something that you could clearly write


down all the object in it based on the description.

Not well – defined set


 is a set where you cannot identify if a given object is in it
or not in it
Well-defined Not well-defined

Prime nos. less than 20 Beautiful girls

Set of even numbers Set of numbers

Set of cities in Pangasinan Set of cities


Prime
Set ofBeautiful
nos.
even
Set less
girls
than 20
numbers
of numbers
Set of cities
Set of cities in Pangasinan
Activity # 2:
Tell whether the following is well-defined ( WD ) set or not
well-defined set (NWD )
1. All easy problems in your textbook. Not well – defined
2. All three sided figures. Well - defined
3. First five counting numbers. Well - defined
4. All the tall boys in your class. Not well – defined
5. Kind teachers in your school. Not well – defined
6. Days of the week. Well - defined
7. Numbers divisible by 5. Well - defined
Notations and Symbols
1. Uppercase letters will be used to name sets.
2. Lowercase letters will be used to refer to any element of a
set

Example A = { shoes, jacket, cap }

Name of set element of set


Element of Sets
 Objects in a sets
A = { shoes, jacket, cap }
Element
of set
Example: 1. B = {counting number less than 5 }
B = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
1, 2, 3, 4 are called the element of the set.

∈− 𝑡h𝑒 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡


∉− 𝑡h𝑒 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑏𝑜𝑙 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Example : A = { even numbers }
B = { odd numbers }
C = { counting numbers }
Fill in the blank with
∈ A
2 ____ ∈ -2 _____C ∉
7 ____C

∉
8 _____B ∈
3 _____B ∉
5 ______A
Activity # 3
Tell whether the following is a well-defined set or
not well- defined set

A = { set of primary colors} Well-defined set


B = {set of beautiful girls in school} Not
C = { set of months in a year} Well-defined set
D = { set of popular actors} Not
E = { set of excellent singers} Not
F = { set of even numbers} Well-defined set
Fill in the blank with
A = {vowels in English alphabet}
B = {consonants in English alphabet }

∈A
e ____ ∉ z _____B∈
b ____A

∉
i _____B ∈
a _____A ∉
y ______A
Assignment

F T
T T
Assignment

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