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OUTLINING READING
TEXTS IN VARIOUS
DISCIPLINE
English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Lesson 5
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Objectives: 1
At the end of the lesson the learners should
able to:
1.Define an outline;
2.Identify the kinds of outline according to structure;
3.Use a topic and sentence outline in selecting and organizing
information.
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What is an outline?
An outline is a map of your essay or a
blueprint. It shows what information each
section or paragraph will contain, and in
what order. Most outlines use numbers
and/or bullet points to arrange information
and convey points.
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It is a tool we use in the writing
process to help organize our ideas,
visualize our paper’s potential
structure, and to further flesh out and
develop points.
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It allows the writer to understand
how he or she will connect
information to support the thesis
statement and the claims of the paper.
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An outline provides the writer with a
space to consider ideas easily without
needing to write complete paragraphs
or sentences.
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Importance of an outline
An outline allows a writer to categorize
the main points, to organize the paragraphs
into an order that makes sense, and to
make sure that each paragraph/idea can be
fully developed. Essentially, an outline
helps prevent a writer from getting stuck
when performing the actual writing of the
essay.
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Why outline?
• Your main points are on-topic and directly
support your thesis
• Your main points are logically organized.
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• Your most important ideas are
emphasized, and your less important
ideas are subordinated.
• Your main points have enough and
relevant supporting evidence.
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• Make the writing process easier since
you have a road map for your essay to
follow.
• Break through writer’s block—for
people who struggle with writer’s
block, it helps to first set up a structure
with lower stakes and less pressure.
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• Save time writing your essay since you
have a clear, focused plan to follow for
your essay.
• Ensure each part of your essay relates to
the essay.
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Parts of an Outline
• Introduction (attention
grabber)
An introduction of an essay
prepares the reader on the contents of
the essay. The introduction of the essay
is an opening of what is to come ahead.
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Here, the writer introduces the topic to the
reader by giving background information
and providing a thesis statement. Having
mentioned the thesis statement in your
introduction, the rest of the paper should
help you support the claim.
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•Body (The content of
the paper)
Typically, the body of the essay should
contain a minimum of three paragraphs
in support of the thesis statement made
in the introductory paragraph.
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•Ensure that your paragraphs contain
three parts: the topic sentence,
supporting statement and the
concluding paragraphs.
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•Conclusion (Wrap all of
your arguments)
The conclusion of the essay should
mark the end of your essay. Here, a
writer is supposed to summarize the
ideas made in the body and also restate
the thesis statement.
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What are the types of outlines?
A. Topic Outline is the
arrangement of ideas both the main
points and subpoints of the topic
using words and phrases.
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B. Sentence Outline is the
arrangement of main ideas and
subpoints of the topic in sentence
form which provides clearer picture
of the writer’s thoughts and purpose
in developing the essay. It is more
informative compared to the topic
outline.
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The End
