BLOCKCHAIN
TECHNOLOGY
MADE BY : KEERTI PATHAK , 11589 ( BA HISTORY HONS)
KANISHKA , 11527 ( BA HISTORY HONS )
INDEX
WHAT IS BLOCKCHAIN?
KEY PARTS OF BLOCKCHAIN
TYPES OF BLOCKCHAIN
BLOCKCHAIN USE CASES IN GOVERNMENT
BLOOD BANK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS
THE FUTURE OF BLOCKCHAIN
BLOCKCHAIN SECURITY
SOURCES REFERRED
WHAT IS
BLOCKCHAIN ?
Blockchain is the type of database
that differs from normal database in
terms of storing information .It stores
data in blocks that are chained
together. When the new data comes,
it gets added in a fresh block. Once
the block is filled data is chained onto
the last block .Hence, it makes the
data chained in a chronological
manner.
KEY PARTS OF BLOCKCHAIN
Blockchain Client Blockchain Node
• This is a software that creates and sends • A computer in the blockchain network that
transaction details (like a message) to the stores ,shares and updates transaction
blockchain network. information.
Blockchain Network Transactions and Blocks
• A group of connected computers (nodes) that • A transaction is the action (eg; sending
work together to update and store transactions. money ),and a block is a group of these actions
linked together.
Ledger/Database Smart Contracts
• There is where all transactions are recorded • These are computer programs that automatically
permanently ,like a digital notebook. enforce the rules of a transaction (eg; sending
payment when a service is completed).
• Consensus Algorithm
• These are the rules used by the network to agree
on which transactions are valid and should
TYPES OF BLOCKCHAIN
PUBLIC BLOCKCHAIN-Anyone with access to the internet can be the authorised node of this type of
blockchain .It can be done by signing in to the blockchain platform.
PRIVATE BLOCKCHAIN-Private blockchain is different from the public blockchain. Here ,a person is
responsible for taking the charge and looking after important things related to the blockchain, like
reading or writing, and to whom access can be given.
CONSORTIUM BLOCKCHAIN- A consortium is a semi-decentralised form of blockchain network because
it is managed by more than a single organisation.
HYBRID BLOCKCHAIN-In the hybrid blockchain, hashed data blocks generated by using the network of
private blockchain. It is followed by feeding the data in a public blockchain without compromising the
privacy of the data.
BLOCKCHAIN
USE CASES IN
GOVERNMENT
The government both at the central and state level,
caters to the plethora of citizen and business centric
services. While Blockchain find its usability in almost
all fields, there are certain use cases which are best
suited and derive maximum value from the inherent
features of blockchain. A few such cases are
highlighted below:
Blood Bank Management System
Public Distribution system
E-Judiciary etc.
BLOOD BANK MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
The blood bank management system is developed to facilitate workflow management at blood banks. A
blood bank carries multiple critical tasks such as donor record management ,test result management,
component management etc. BBMS is a solution to manage all of the above mentioned activities.
PROPOSED BLOCKCHAIN SOLUTION :
A blockchain solution called Blood –Chain to address all these challenges .It
facilitates integration with the blood bank application to record transactions in the
chain including donor registration ,sample collection testing, storage and blood
transfusion at each stage in the lifecycle certain details get added. To the chain to
achieve this, different stakeholders in the chain should verify the quality of blood
from the blockchain ledger while the network inherently provides the required factor.
Personal identity information and test results would be stored in an encrypted form
and would be made available only to authorised users and not disclosed
inadvertently. The proposed system connects all the key stakeholders involved in
blood supply management –donor ,test centre, blood bank and hospital.
PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM
PDS evolved as a system for distribution of food grains at affordable prices.
The government provides subsidized food grains at affordable prices. The
government provides subsidized foodgrains to almost two thirds of the total
population which is below poverty line. Farmer cultivates food grains which
is then procured by the government through millers and procurement
centers.
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
The objective of using blockchain in PDS is to track food grains and
record all key data throughout the supply chain. The important data
stored would include price, MSP, quantity delivered at each stage etc.
The supply chain currently being used by the government will be
integrated with the blockchain system developed for the PDS. At
appropriate levels , relevant data will be stored in the chain .It will also
facilitate the identification of inefficiencies and inaccuracies in the supply
chain quickly.
CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS
• Scalability: Limited transactions per second.
• Energy Use: High consumption.
• Regulation: Uncertain legal status.
• Interoperability: Blockchains can’t easily interact.
• Privacy: Public nature conflicts with data privacy.
• Cost: Expensive implementation. Adoption: Slow industry uptake.
THE FUTURE OF BLOCKCHAIN
• DeFi: Growth in decentralized finance.
• Web 3.0: Blockchain for a decentralized internet.
• Interoperability: Better cross-chain communication
• Sustainability: Transition to energy-efficient methods..
• DAOs: Decentralized governance.
• Tokenization: Expanding use in assets, NFTs.
• Supply Chains: More blockchain tracking. Regulation: Clearer frameworks.
BLOCKCHAIN SECURITY
• Encryption: Strong cryptographic security.
• Immutability: No tampering once data is added.
• Decentralization: Reduces single-point failure.
• Smart Contracts: Vulnerable to bugs.
• 51% Attack: Majority control risks.
• Quantum Threat: Future risk from quantum computing.
Blockchain holds great
potential in transforming
industries, with its
decentralized, secure, and
transparent systems.
However, current limitations
such as scalability, energy
use, and regulatory hurdles
must be addressed for wider
adoption and long-term
success. The future looks
promising with advances in
interoperability,
governance, and
sustainability.
SOURCES REFERRED
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY-BLOCKCHAIN INFORMATICS
BLOCKCHAIN FOR GOVERNMENT –NATIONAL
INFORMATICS CENTRE
PHOTOGRAPHS- GOOGLE
