BASICS
OF FIRST
AID
HEALTH 9
THIRD QUARETR
LAS PINAS EAST NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
WHAT IS FIRST
AID?
It is an emergency/
immediate care or
temporary care you
should provide when a
person is injured or ill until
full medical treatment is
available.
HEALTH 9
THE THREE
P’s (3P’s)
The purpose/goal of
first aid is to:
0 Preserve life
1
0 Prevent further injury
2
0 Promote recovery
3 HEALTH 9
ROLES OF FIRST AID
It is a bridge It is not It ends when
that fills the gap intended to the services of
between the compete with the physician
victim and the or to take the begins.
physician. place of the
services of the
physician
4
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FIRST
AIDER
Does not
Notices
frighten
all signs.
the victim
GENTLE
RESOURCEFUL SYMPATHETIC
OBSERVANT Makes TACTFUL
Does not Comforts
the best
cause and
use of
pain or reassures
things at
panic the victim
hand. 5
PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID
1.DON’T give
1.DO
DOs stay calm
in Giving First Aid DON’Ts in food
any Giving
orFirst
2.DO reassure and Aid drink to an
comfort the victim unconscious
3.DO check for person
medical bracelet 2.DON’T move
indicating an injured
condition, such as person unless
epilepsy or you need to
diabetes place him in
4.DO loosen any safety or in
tight clothing the recovery
5.DO keep the victim position
covered to reduce 6
FIRST AID KIT
Consider purchasing a commercially available first
aid kit or making your own. Having a kit in your
home, your car, and at your place of work is
essential to stay prepared.
Common items found in a first aid kit are:
⚫ Bandages, roller bandages and tape
⚫ Sterile gauze
⚫ Antiseptic wipes and swabs
⚫ Absorbent compresses
⚫ Antibiotic cream
⚫ Burn ointment
⚫ Mask for breathing (rescue breathing/CPR)
⚫ Chemical cold pack
⚫ Eyeshield and eyewash
⚫ First aid reference guide that includes local phone numbers
HEALTH 9
CAN YOU IDENTIFY SOME OF THE FIRST
AID KIT ITEMS?
SURVEY OF THE SCENE AND VICTIMS
Used when the
Primary Survey Used when Survey
Secondary the
victim is
victim is conscious
unconscious and to
or has revived. It
find out and
aims to detect
immediately treat
everything about
life-threatening
the patients
conditions.
condition.
1.Check for
1. History Taking
consciousness
(SAMPLE PAIN)
2.Open Airway
2. Checking for Vital
3.Check for
Signs
Breathing
3. Head to Toe
4.Check for
Examination
9
VITAL
SIGNS
• Body Temperature
• Pulse rate
• Heart Rate
• Blood Pressure
• Respiratory Rate
• Skin Color
ABC Cardiopulmon
CPR
A-Airway
ary
B-
Resuscitation-
Breathing
given when
C-
victim is not
Circulation
breathing 10
What is the difference between
SIGNS and SYMPTOMS?
Signs are details discovered by Symptoms are sensations that the
applying senses-sight, touch, victim feels or experiences and
hearing and smell during the course may be able to describe.
of examination
Examples:
Examples: • Nausea
• Bleeding • Vomiting
• Swelling • Heat
• Deformities • Impaired sensations
EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES
Check the
scene & the Check Carefully apply
Call for Help
casualty Responsiveness FIRST AID
• Scene safety-look • Determine • If unconscious,
out for danger the do Primary
• Recognition of the unresponsive Survey (Rescue
problem. If the ness/type of Breaths and CPR)
situation is more injury of the • If revived, do
serious, call for casualty. Secondary
help. Survey
• Keep in mind the
3P’s of first aid
HANDWASHING AND
PERSONAL Proper handwashing technique is fairly simple:
Step 1 Step 2
PROTECTIVE GEAR
Handwashing is essential in the
prevention of disease and illness.
Completely wet your hands and Rub vigorously for at least 20
Wash your hands after each
generously apply soap. seconds
episode of care and after taking
off the gloves. Also, be sure to Step 3 Step 4
wash the injured/ill person’s
hands at the first opportunity.
When a sink is not available, use
hand sanitizers. (Most hand
sanitizers are alcohol-based and
are a substitute for handwashing
when needed.) Rinse your hands with plenty of Dry your hands with a towel or air
running water. dryer.
THAN
K
YOU
