FOUNDATIO
N PHYSICS II
PHY098
•DR. SITI AISYAH ZAWAWI
•E01, LEVEL 9
•Bangunan Pentadbiran
•017-9725382
•03 - 89245542
•[email protected]
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Apply the right-hand grip rule to determine the direction of
magnetic field and current of a long straight wire
2. State the Ampere’s Law
3. Solve the problem by using Ampere's Law equation
4. Describe the magnetic force between two parallel current carrying
wire
5. Calculate the magnetic force between two parallel current carrying
wire
6. Solve the problems by using equation of magnetic field of a
solenoid
Section 19.7
Ampère found a procedure for deriving
the relationship between the current in an
arbitrarily shaped wire and the magnetic
field produced by the wire.
Ampère’s Circuital Law
B|| Δℓ = µo I
Sum over the closed path
Choose an arbitrary
closed path around the
current.
Sum all the products of
B|| Δℓ around the
closed path.
Section 19.7
A current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field
The compass needle deflects in directions tangent
to the circle.
The compass needle points in the direction of the
magnetic field produced by the current.
Section 19.7
Right Hand Rule #2
Grasp the wire in your right hand.
Point your thumb in the direction of the current.
Your fingers will curl in the direction of the field.
The magnitude of the field at a
distance r from a wire carrying a
current of I is
Use a closed
SI unit: tesla, T
circular path.
µo = 4 x 10-7 T.m / A The circumference
µo is called the permeability of free of the circle is 2r
space
Section 19.7
Exercise
1
Section 19.7
Exercise
A 2 coincides with the
long straight wire x-axis and another coincides
with the y-axis. Each carries a current of 5 A in the positive coordinate
direction. Where is their combined field equal to zero?
Section 19.7
Exercise
3
Two long fixed parallel wires, A and B, are apart in air and carry 40 A
and 20 A respectively, in opposite directions. Determine the resultant
field
a) On a line midway between the wires and parallel to them
b) On a line 8.0 cm from wire A and 18.0 cm from wire B
Section 19.7
Exercise
4
If the currents in these wires have the same magnitude but
opposite directions, what is the direction of the magnetic
field at point P?
1) direction 1 1
2) direction 2 P
3) direction 3 4 B2 B1 2
4) direction 4 3
5) the B field is zero 1 2
Section 19.7
Exercise
5 in the figures below carry the same
Each of the wires
current, either into or out of the page. In which case is the
magnetic field at the center of the square greatest?
1) arrangement 1
2) arrangement 2
3) arrangement 3
4) same for all
1 3 1 3 1 3
B2 B4 B3 B2 B1
B2
B1 B3 B1 B4 B3
B4
2 4 2 4 2 4
Section 19.8
The force on wire 1 is due to the current in
wire 1 and the magnetic field produced by
wire 2.
The force per unit length is:
Parallel conductors carrying currents in the
same direction attract each other.
Parallel conductors carrying currents in the
opposite directions repel each other.
Section 19.8
Since a current-carrying wire experiences a force in a
magnetic field, and a magnetic field is created by a
current-carrying wire, there is a force between current
carrying wires:
Section 19.8
The force between parallel conductors can be used
to define the Ampere (A).
If two long, parallel wires 1 m apart carry the same
current, and the magnitude of the magnetic force per
unit length is 2 x 10-7 N/m, then the current is defined to
be 1 A.
The SI unit of charge, the Coulomb (C), can be
defined in terms of the Ampere.
If a conductor carries a steady current of 1 A, then the
quantity of charge that flows through any cross section in
1 second is 1 C.
Section 19.8
Exercise
6
Two straight wires run parallel to
each other, each carrying a current
in the direction shown below. The
two wires experience a force in
which direction?
1) toward each other
2) away from each other
3) there is no force
Section 19.8
Exercise
7
Section 19.9
Current
Loop
The magnetic field of a current loop is similar to
magnetic field of a bar magnet
Section 19.9
Solenoi
ds
A solenoid is a series of
current loops formed into the
shape of a cylinder
We can use Ampere’s Law to
find the field inside solenoid
n = number of loops per
length
Section 19.9
Exercise
8
Past Years
Questions
Past Years
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Past Years
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