PwC Challenge

6.0
DelpheTe
ch
Team SNAP

Avinash Kumar Surbhi Nimje Rydham Goyal Purvi Mangal

Indian Institute of Management Shillong

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Global AI & Xaas Market Market Share of Cloud Service Providers

31%
24%
Global AI Global XAAS 12%
Market Market 4% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1%
$50 Bn $450 Bn $409.5 Bn $2.40 Tn

Linode(Akamai)
Microsoft Azure

Tencent Cloud
Alibaba Cloud

Digital Ocean
Oracle Cloud

OVH Cloud
IBM Cloud
Google Cloud
AWS
Revenue Projected Revenue in Projected
in 2023 Revenue in 2023 Revenue in
2033 2033

Competitors DelpheTech’s Overview

AI Xaa Global Leader: Specializing in
S hardware and software solutions 10%
Revenue from High-Performance
Computing & AI, identified as a
Diverse Product Range: Personal major growth driver
computing devices, storage
solutions, and enterprise services 5% Revenue from XaaS Business

Market Share of AI Hardware Problems Faced Future Vision

55.96% • : High costs of developing AI • Expanding High-Performance

components like GPUs Computing and AI offerings to drive
• Geopolitical factors impacting growth
semiconductor supply chains. Heavy • Supply Chain Diversification
20.43% Reliance on China • XaaS Expansion
11.56% 12.05% • Shorter product rollouts and high-cost AI • Global Capability Centers
components • Faster Product Development
• Challenges in adapting next-gen policies • Delivering high-impact AI solutions
Storage Memory Network Processor while maintaining productivity through strategic collaborations
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Strategic Roadmap Business Model Reinvention

• Multi-regional supplier network to mitigate risks from geopolitical instability
• Year 1- Rapid Deployment: Align goals, Form agile • Nearshoring-Set up manufacturing facilities near U.S. Market
teams, Accelerate R&D, Launch pilot programs, Build • Build a centralized XaaS platform that offers a wide range of services including AI, hardware,
partnerships and Diversify supply chain software, and data analytics.
• Accelerate product development through agile methods, 3D printing, and AI-driven optimization
• Year 2 - Expansion & Scaling: Expand XaaS offerings,
• Build a global talent network with flexible work arrangements and a focus on innovation and
Establish GCCs, Develop specialized talent, Deepen AI employee well-being
integration, Scale up marketing
Cost Projections
• Year 3 - Consolidation & Innovation: Strengthen market
Total Revenue Total Costs PBT
position, Develop next-gen products, Optimize processes, Year Net Profit Margin (%)
(USD Million) (USD Million) (USD Million)
Explore strategic acquisitions, Tailor solutions
2023 $8,000 $6,480 - $8,160 $1,470 - $3,150 18.38% - 39.38%
• Year 4 - Global Leadership: Focus on cutting-edge
technology innovation, Explore new business models, Invest in 2024 $12,800 $10,368 - $12,544 $1,406 - $3,582 10.98% - 27.98%
global brand, Manage corporate reputation
2025 $20,480 $16,588 - $19,888 $542 - $3,842 2.65% - 18.76%
• Year 5 Strategic Review & Future Vision: Review
strategic performance, Engage stakeholders in future vision , 2026 $32,768 $26,542 - $31,482 $1,236 - $6,176 2.65% - 18.76%
Maintain market leadership 2027 $52,429 $43,806 - $53,480 $1,899 - $8,573 2.65% - 18.76%

GCC and HR
Benefits of GCCs Global GCCs trends Opportunities
• Diverse Skill Sets • HSBC's technology center in Pune  India and China are the home to a huge workforce & are cost-efficient destination for
• Cost-Effective Labor • Intel's R&D center in Bangalore GCCs, commanding over 50% of the GCC market with focus on AI, ML, and Data
• Local Knowledge • A leading oil and gas company Analytics
• R&D Opportunities revamped its GCC operations  India is projected to contribute to a total headcount of over 4.5 million by 2030s
• Diversified Operations • A MNC beverages company achieved  Implementing Gen-Z friendly HR policies like hybrid mode of work can lead to reduced
• Market Operation GCC performance excellence cost and employee turnover, while, increasing productivity
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Global AI Market Market Share of AI Hardware by Type 55.96

%

$50 Bn $450 Bn 25% 20.43

Projected Revenue 11.56 12.05 %
Revenue in % %
by 2033 CAGR
2023
Storage Memory Network Processor
Competitors

Sector-wise AI Hardware Consumers

Others 25%
Robotics 5%
Healthcare 10%
E-Commerce 15%
Key Drivers Banking and Finance 20%
Telecomm and IT 25%
 Increasing Adoption of Generative AI: The generative AI market is
expected to grow from $11.3 billion in 2023 to $51.8 billion by 2028, at
a CAGR of 35.6% Trend
 Expansion of Metaverse: The metaverse market is projected to
 In March 2024, Nvidia partnered with CrowdStrike to integrate Nvidia’s AI computing
expand from $83.9 billion in 2023 to $1303.4 billion by 2030, at a
CAGR of 48%%. services into the CrowdStrike Falcon XDR platform, enhancing cybersecurity
 Growth of Smart Factories:The smart factory market is expected to capabilities with generative AI
 In March 2024, Alibaba announced an $800 million investment in Moonshot AI, as
grow from $100.6 billion in 2024 to $164.9 billion by 2029, at a CAGR
of 10.3%. part of its strategy to advance generative AI and support innovative AI start-ups
 Rising Demand for AI Computing Power: AI is driving a 1220%  In August 2024, Groq, an AI chip startup founded by a former Google engineer, lands
surge in demand for computer power. $640 million in investment to disrupt the AI hardware industry dominated by Nvidia

1. Markets, R. A. (2023, March 30). Global Everything as a Service (Xaas) Market Report 2023-2030: Decreasing Cost and Quicker Deployment Fuels 20% Annual Growth. [Link]
[Link]
2. Generative AI Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Component (Software, Services), By Technology, By End-use, By Application, By Model, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2024 - 2030. (n.d.). [Link]
3. Metaverse Market Size & Share Analysis - Industry Research Report - Growth Trends - 2032. (n.d.). MarketsandMarkets. [Link]
4. Craig, T. (2024, May 29). AI is driving a 1220% surge in demand for computer power. How blockchain firms are riding the wave. DL News. [Link]
5. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Hardware Market Size & Growth Analysis 2031. (n.d.). [Link]
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Global Xaas Market Key Drivers

 Growing Focus on Digital Transformation: Enterprises adopting cloud

$409.5 Bn $2.40T 22.1% services for operational efficiency contribute to market growth, with the
Revenue in Projected by XaaS market expected to grow from USD 559.14 billion in 2022 to USD
CAGR 3,221.96 billion by 2030
2023 2033
 Rising Adoption of IoT as a Service and Artificial Intelligence as a
Competitors Service: AI, IoT, and cloud computing are major factors driving the
adoption, leading to a 24.4% CAGR from 2022 to 2030
 Growing Need for Scalability, Agility, and Flexibilitys: The need for
scalable IT solutions, especially in North America and Asia-Pacific, further
propels growth
 SME Adoption: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly
adopting XaaS for cost-effective access to advanced IT solutions, fueling
market expansion
 Global Workforce Collaboration: The surge in remote work solutions has
increased XaaS adoption, with SaaS being the largest segment
Sector-wise consumption of XaaS  Industry-Specific Solutions: Sectors like healthcare and finance are
rapidly adopting XaaS, further boosting the market
Government 2%
Energy and Utility 3% Trend
Education 5%
Manufacturing 10%  As a global leader in the design and software industry for media,
Retail 10% construction, and engineering, Autodesk is using XaaS to future-proof the
Healthcare 15% company
 Lenovo has been transitioning towards a service-led model, recognizing
BFSI 25%
the potential of everything-as-a-service (XaaS) to drive innovation and
IT and Telecommunications 30%
growth within the company
1. ReAnIn. (2024, July 1). AI Computing Hardware Market | Growth | Share | Size | Trends and Forecast . Research│Analysis│Insights. [Link]
hardware-market
2. Research, S. D. C. M. (2023, January 1). AI Hardware Market Report 2024, Market Size, Share, Growth, CAGR, Forecast, Revenue . Cognitive Market Research. [Link]
3. Everything as a Service (XaaS) Market Size, Trends - 2032. (n.d.). Market Research Future. [Link]
4. [Link]
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Revenue in 2023 Expenditure on R&D in Supply chain

Companies Strength Future Plans
(5 yrs Growth) 2023 (5 yrs Growth) diversified
Global AI Hardware

Strong relationships with

$ 60.9 Bn $ 8.67 Bn Leading in GPU Blackwell architecture for
TSMC and other chip
(^520%) (^364.8%) development for AI generative AI
manufacturers
$ 305.6 Bn $ 45.42 Bn Leverages global supply AI-driven services Expand Cloud TPU offerings and
(^190.1%) (^174.5%) chain for hardware and hardware (TPUs) invest in AI infrastructure

High-performance Instinct MI300X chip for AI

$ 22.6 Bn $ 5.87 Bn Partnerships with major
computing and workloads & enhance software
(^360.9%) (^379.5%) foundries like TSMC
graphics support for AI applications.
End-to-end AI Develop Telum chip for enterprise
$ 61.8 Bn $ 6.78 Bn Diverse, focuses on
solutions from AI & expand AI capabilities through
(^107.1%) (^114.7%) global suppliers
hardware to services partnerships

Revenue in 2023
Companies Market Share XaaS Services Offered Strength Innovation
(5 yrs Growth)

$ 90.7 Bn Market leader, broad services, Rapid innovation,

31% 24
(^258.9%) global reach, innovation frequent new services

$ 52.9 Bn Database expertise, cost- Focused on enterprise-

Xaas

3% 23
(^130%) effective, strong security grade database services

$ 87.9 Bn Deep Microsoft integration, AI/ML, hybrid cloud

24% 23
(^466.67%) hybrid cloud, strong AI/ML innovation

$ 33.08 Bn Data analytics, AI/ML, open- Leading in AI/ML, big

11.5% 23
(^82.3%) source, competitive pricing data analytics
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DelpheTech Potential Risks

Revenue from High-
Global Leader: Specializing in 10% Performance Computing &
Financial Risks: High Supply Chain Vulnerabilities:
hardware and software solutions costs of developing AI Geopolitical factors impacting
AI, identified as a major growth components like GPUs semiconductor supply chains
driver
Diverse Product Range: Personal
Rapid Innovation Cycles: Talent Management: Challenges
computing devices, storage 5% Revenue from XaaS Business Shorter product rollouts and in adapting next-gen policies while
solutions, and enterprise services
high-cost AI components. maintaining productivity.

Value Chain Overview

Research & Supplier Engineering & Manufacturing Distribution Strategy Customer Post-Sales Support
Development Collaboration Development: Efficient contract Channel partner Engagement Comprehensive
Continuous innovation Integrating top-tier Iterative design manufacturing with strategy to enhance Tailored & customizable technical assistance and
to keep products components and latest process with customer stringent quality market reach and deployment solutions. maintenance
cutting-edge advancements insights and rigorous controls provide value-added
testing services

Future Vision.

Strategic Growth XaaS Expansion Commitment to

Supply Chain Talent Development Innovation Leadership
Expanding High-Performance Leveraging AI Excellence
Diversification Establishing global capability Developing MVPs for high- Delivering high-impact AI
Computing and AI offerings to applications for Anything
Reducing reliance on centers and adopting flexible demand AI use cases and solutions through strategic
drive growth. as a Service with 40%
major Asian supply bases work policies enhancing partnerships
YoY growth collaborations
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Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Consolidation & Strategic Review &

Rapid Deployment Expansion & Scaling Global Leadership
Innovation Future Vision
• Align goals across • Expand XaaS • Strengthen market • Expand into high- • Review strategic
teams; establish a offerings; target new position in core growth, low- performance; adjust
PMO. customer segments. regions. competition regions. as needed.
• Form agile teams for • Establish Global • Develop next-gen • Focus on cutting- • Plan the next five-
rapid product Capability Centres products based on edge technology year strategy.
development. (GCCs). AI insights. innovation. • Engage
• Roll out initial • Develop specialized • Optimize processes • Explore new stakeholders in
products targeting key talent for AI and for efficiency. business models future vision
markets. XaaS. • Explore strategic and revenue streams. development.
• Accelerate R&D in AI, • Deepen AI acquisitions and • Strengthen and • Ensure smooth
edge computing, integration in all partnerships. create strategic transition to the next
sustainability. product lines. • Conduct pilot projects partnerships. strategic cycle.
• Launch pilot • Implement customer for continuous • Invest in global • Continue leadership
programs in select engagement product refinement. brand building. in innovation and
regions. initiatives. • Tailor solutions for • Manage corporate sustainability.
• Build partnerships • Scale up marketing emerging markets. reputation • Execute long-term
with universities and efforts using success proactively. visionary strategy.
tech players. stories. • Develop and nurture a • Maintain market
• Diversify supply collaborative leadership through
chain; set up innovation continuous
manufacturing hubs. ecosystem. improvement.
 Executive Industry Competitor Company Strategic Reinventing
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Transition to Anything as a
Diversification of Supply Chain` Accelerating Invention Cycle
Service
• Reduced Risk : Establish a multi-regional supplier • Unified XaaS Platform: Build a • Agility in Development: Implementing agile
network, focusing on strategic locations such as centralized XaaS platform that offers a wide methodologies can significantly reduce product
Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Thailand) and Eastern Europe range of services, including AI, hardware, development cycles.
(Poland, Czech Republic) to mitigate risks from software, and data analytics. • Alternative Production Methods: Invest in
geopolitical instability and supply chain bottlenecks • Expand XaaS Offerings: Focus on AI- advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D
• Nearshoring: : driven solutions tailored to specific industries printing for rapid prototyping and low-volume
 North America: Set up manufacturing facilities in production, and AI-driven process optimization to
such as healthcare, finance, and manufacturing
Mexico to serve the U.S. market, taking advantage of • Subscription Tiers: Offer flexible streamline operations
proximity and favorable trade agreements. subscription models tailored to different • Customer Co-Creation: Establish co-creation
 Europe: Establish production hubs in Eastern Europe to labs where key customers can collaborate with
customer segments—small businesses, mid-
reduce logistics costs and comply with EU regulations. sized enterprises, and large corporations DelpheTech engineers to test and refine products
 Asia: Expand manufacturing capabilities in Southeast  Tiered Pricing: Develop tiered pricing plans before full-scale production, ensuring that final
Asia to support growing markets and diversify that reflect the value delivered at each level, products meet customer needs precisely
production away from China. ensuring affordability for smaller businesses • R&D Investment Strategy: Increase R&D
 Supplier Relationships: Build strong partnerships spending, focusing on breakthrough technologies
and comprehensive solutions for larger
with local suppliers to ensure a steady flow of enterprises such as AI, quantum computing, IoT, and advanced
components and materials, reducing dependency on  Pay-as-You-Go: Introduce a pay-as-you-go materials
any single source. model for customers seeking flexibility in scaling
their usage based on real-time needs..
Talent Strategy and Employee Engagement
• Global Capability Centres: Establish 5-10 strategic centers in locations like Silicon Valley,
Singapore, Munich, and Bangalore. Focus on regional innovation, customer support, and talent
development.
• Flexible Work Policies: Implementing next-gen HR policies, such as remote work and flexible
schedules, can improve employee satisfaction and productivity
• Knowledge Sharing: Utilize advanced collaboration tools and regular exchange programs to foster
innovation and share best practices across regions
• Personalized Work Arrangements: Offer flexible scheduling and personalized work options to
balance professional and personal commitments
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Benefits of GCCs GCC Opportunities in China

 Diverse Skill Sets: GCCs allow companies to tap into a global talent pool, accessing  China has a large pool of engineering and manufacturing talent,
specialized skills that may not be available local especially in hardware design and production
 Cost-Effective Labor: Countries like India and China offer skilled labor at  Leverage the presence of major tech hubs like Shenzhen, Beijing, and
competitive costs, reducing overall operational expenses Shanghai to access talent and manufacturing capabilities
 Local Knowledge: GCCs provide insights into regional markets, helping companies  Ensure compliance with local laws and regulations, including data
tailor products and services to meet local demands privacy and security requirements
 R&D Opportunities: They can serve as hubs for research and development, driving  Establish strong partnerships with local universities and research
innovation in products and services institutions to access cutting-edge technologies and talent
 Diversified Operations: Spreading operations across multiple regions reduces  Provide language training and support to global team members to
reliance on a single market, mitigating risks associated with geopolitical issues or facilitate communication and collaboration
economic downturns
 Market Expansion: Establishing GCCs can facilitate entry into new markets,
leveraging local expertise and networks

GCC Opportunities in India

 According to NASSCOM, companies save up to 40% to 50% in operations costs, and

salaries upon opening a GCC in India
 India has a stable government and a cost-efficient destination for GCCs, commanding
over 50% of the GCC market standing at $46B
 80% of Indian GCCs direct their focus on Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning,
and Data Analytics
 The GCC market size in India is projected to exceed $100B by 2030, indicating
substantial growth potential in the sector
 India has a strong presence of GCCs and is projected to contribute to a total headcount
of over 4.5 million by 2030, up from 1.9 million currently

1. Sen, A. (2023). Future of GCCs in India - a vision 2030 report.

2. “India commands over 50% of Global Capability Centres, retains top spot.” (2024, April 12). [Link]. [Link]
top-spot-124041200842_1.html
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Global GCCs trends
 HSBC's technology center in Pune has utilized AI and machine learning to Greate pay per hour
create advanced fraud detection systems, boosting security and efficiency Flexible working mode (WFH/
in global banking hybrid)
 Intel's R&D center in Bangalore is dedicated to developing next-
Sustainability
generation semiconductor technologies and AI solutions, playing a key role
in the company's global innovation efforts A good team to work with
 A global fashion retail brand partnered with EY to transform its Global
Capability Center (GCC) operations. By adopting a structured approach Paid leave
that utilized deviation scores, the brand achieved 25% savings in Full-
Time Equivalents (FTE) through the automation, standardization, and Good manager
centralization of processes Company's culture
 A multinational alcoholic beverages company achieved GCC performance
excellence by implementing standardization and automation across 150+ Motivation for job seekers
processes in nine business towers and seven regions. This initiative
enabled over 100 Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) savings within a year
 A leading oil and gas company revamped its GCC operations by
Issues faced by employees during Work-From-
introducing innovative practices, alongside standardized and automated
Home
process flow models for business services across multiple countries and
over 2,000 FTEs. This transformation led to nearly 60% efficiency gains Unplugging after work
and approximately 85% improvements in accuracy Loneliness
New work mode policy Collaboration and/or Communication
(complete Work-From-Home vs Hybrid ) Distractions at home
Staying Motivated
 77% of remote employees report being more productive when working
from home, increasing overall productivity by 13% Different time-zone than team-mates
 Companies offering Work from home as an option, experience 25% lesser Taking vacation time
employee turnover Others
 25% of employees are willing to take a 10% pay cut for work-from-home
Reliable WiFi
1. Sen, A. (2023c). Future of GCCs in India - a vision 2030 report.
2. Boudinet, J. (2024, March 25). Pros and Cons of Working From Home vs. Working in an Office. Nextiva Blog. [Link]
3. De Luca, R. (n.d.). 10 Surprising Work From Home Benefits for Companies and Employees. [Link]
4. Schmidt, A. (2023, May 10). 17 Key Benefits of Remote Work for Employers and Employees. CareerFoundry. [Link]
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Market Assumptions Revenue Projections

Global AI Hardware Traditional Total
DelpheTech's AI Hardware Traditional
Year Market Size Revenue XaaS Revenue Revenue
Market Share Year Revenue Revenue (USD
(USD Billion) Growth Rate (USD Million) (USD
(USD Million) Million)
Million)
2023 $50 2.00% 5%
2023 $3,800 $400 $3,800 $8,000
2024 $62.5 2.50% 5%
2024 $6,080 $640 $6,080 $12,800
2025 $78.125 3.00% 5%
2025 $9,728 $1,024 $9,728 $20,480
2026 $97.656 3.50% 5%
2027 $122.07 4.00% 5% 2026 $15,565 $1,638 $15,565 $32,768
2027 $24,904 $2,621 $24,904 $52,429
Cost Projections
Total R&D Costs Manufacturing Supply Chain & Sales & Marketing
G&A Expenses Employee Costs Total Costs
Year Revenue (USD Costs (USD Logistics Costs (USD Costs (USD
(USD Million) (USD Million) (USD Million)
(USD Million) Million) Million) Million) Million)
$1,200 -
2023 $8,000 $2,400 - $2,800 $800 - $1,200 $640 - $960 $480 - $640 $960 $6,480 - $8,160
$1,600

$1,920 - $10,368 -
2024 $12,800 $3,840 - $4,480 $1,280 - $1,920 $1,024 - $1,536 $768 - $1,024 $1,536
$2,560 $12,544

$3,072 - $1,229 - $16,588 -

2025 $20,480 $6,144 - $7,168 $2,048 - $3,072 $1,638 - $2,457 $2,457
$4,096 $1,638 $19,888

$4,915 - $1,966 - $26,542 -

2026 $32,768 $9,830 - $11,469 $3,277 - $4,915 $2,622 - $3,932 $3,932
$6,554 $2,622 $31,482

$7,864 - $15,729 - $3,146 - $43,806 -

2027 $52,429 $5,243 - $7,864 $4,194 - $6,292 $6,292
$10,486 $18,350 $4,194 $53,480
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Profitability Analysis
Year 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027

Total Revenue (USD Million) $8,000 $12,800 $20,480 $32,768 $52,429

$16,588 -
Total Costs (USD Million) $6,480 - $8,160 $10,368 - $12,544 $26,542 - $31,482 $43,806 - $53,480
$19,888

EBITDA (USD Million) $1,520 - $3,200 $1,456 - $3,632 $592 - $3,892 $1,286 - $6,226 $1,949 - $8,623

Depreciation (USD Million) $50 $50 $50 $50 $50

PBT (USD Million) $1,470 - $3,150 $1,406 - $3,582 $542 - $3,842 $1,236 - $6,176 $1,899 - $8,573

Net Profit Margin (%) 18.38% - 39.38% 10.98% - 27.98% 2.65% - 18.76% 2.65% - 18.76% 2.65% - 18.76%

Assumptions for Financial Projections

Category Basis of Assumptions
Market Growth Global AI Hardware Market expected to grow at 25% CAGR, reaching $450 billion by 2033.
Market Share Growth DelpheTech’s AI hardware market share increases by 0.5% annually due to investments in R&D and expansion.
XaaS Revenue Growth XaaS market share increases by 1% annually, reflecting DelpheTech's growing influence in the XaaS market.
R&D Costs Estimated at 15-20% of AI hardware revenue, reflecting typical tech industry R&D spending.
Manufacturing Costs Estimated at 40-50% of AI hardware revenue, reflecting the complexity of AI hardware production.
Supply Chain & Logistics Estimated at 10-15% of AI hardware revenue, accounting for procurement, warehousing, and distribution.
Sales & Marketing Costs Estimated at 5-10% of AI hardware revenue, based on typical tech industry practices.
G&A Expenses Estimated at 5-7% of AI hardware revenue, covering administrative costs.
Employee Costs Estimated at 10% of total revenue, covering salaries and benefits.
Depreciation Depreciation calculated using the straight-line method over an assumed useful life of assets.
Appendix
 References

• Statista. (2023). Global AI market size by segment 2030. Retrieved from [Link] (2023).
• Global AI industry share 2022. Retrieved from [Link] Business Insights. (2023).
• Everything as a Service (XaaS) market. Retrieved from [Link]
• Research Future. (2023). Everything as a Service (XaaS) market report. Retrieved from
[Link]
XaaS)%20Market%20size%20was%20valued,forecast%20period%2C%202023%2D2032
PwC. (2017).
• Sizing the prize: PwC's global artificial intelligence study: Exploiting the AI revolution. Retrieved from
[Link] (2017).
• Artificial intelligence: What’s in it for you?. Retrieved from
[Link] McKinsey & Company. (2023).
• The global AI hardware market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 25%, reaching $450 billion by 2033 . Retrieved from
[Link] (2023).
• XaaS market growth and trends. Retrieved from [Link] (2023).
• Technology companies' R&D spending and cost structures. Retrieved from [Link]
McKinsey & Company. (2023).
• Understanding the cost structures in AI and high-performance computing. Retrieved from
[Link] (2023).
• Technology industry sales and marketing expenses. Retrieved from
[Link] (2023).
• Where can the most chips be manufactured?. Retrieved from
[Link]