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1 Huawei Confidential
NG WDM Equipment
Networking and Applications
 Foreword


Compared with traditional WDM, NG WDM delivers more flexible
topologies and more protection modes.

This course describes the networking modes and basic elements of
Huawei NG WDM equipment, and the application scenarios of
various types of sites.

3 Huawei Confidential
 Objectives


On completion of this course, you will be able to:

List NG WDM site types.

Describe the signal flows of different types of NG WDM sites.

Describe the application scenarios of NG WDM sites.

List the basic elements of NG WDM networking.

4 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
3. Basic Networking Elements

5 Huawei Confidential
Network Layers

E9600 E9624/9800
U32E
ODUk/VC/Packet ODUk/VC/Packet

E6600 E9600 E9624/

9800 U32E E9624/
9800 U32E
E9600 E9624/
9800 U32E

Edge/Access layer Metro/Aggregation Backbone/Core layer

layer

6 Huawei Confidential
OptiXtrans E9600 & OptiX OSN 9800 System
Architecture

Unified optical-layer
and electrical-layer NMS GMPLS

grooming model
L2 L0

Flexible optical cross-connection


Optical-Layer Ethernet Packet board

line board
Universal
λ
PKT
grooming L1
STM-N TDM board VC

Ā
To line fiber

L0 optical layer OTN line
ODU board/
OTN tributary general
FC

Electrical-layer board/EoO board/
general service
M:N service
processing
processing board board
grooming Unified electrical
cross-connection
OTUk Optical transponder board WDM

L1 electrical layer
External alarms
-48V/-60V DC Auxiliary

L2 electrical layer 1+1 SCC
interface board
Sychronization

7 Huawei Confidential
OptiXtrans E6600 System Architecture

E6608T E6608/
E6616
8 Huawei Confidential
Network Topology (1)

Point-to-point

OTM OTM


Chain

OTM OADM OTM

9 Huawei Confidential
Network Topology (2)

Ring

A ring network has the self-healing capability and is the main transport network
topology.
OADM

OADM OADM

OADM

10 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
 OTM
▫ OLA

▫ FOADM

▫ ROADM

▫ Application Scenarios

3. Basic Networking Elements

11 Huawei Confidential
Site Types and Basic Functions
An optical terminal multiplexer (OTM) site adds/drops
services, multiplexes/demultiplexes wavelengths,
OTM amplifies optical signals, and processes optical
supervisory signals.

An optical line amplifier (OLA) site amplifies optical

OLA signals and processes optical supervisory signals.

A FOADM site adds/drops services, statically passes

through wavelengths, multiplexes/demultiplexes
Site FOADM wavelengths, amplifies signals, and processes optical
types OADM
supervisory signals.

A ROADM site adds/drops services, dynamically

ROADM passes through wavelengths,
multiplexes/demultiplexes wavelengths, amplifies
signals, and processes optical supervisory signals.

An electrical regeneration (REG) site processes

REG multiplexing/demultiplexing, electrical regeneration,
signal amplification, and optical supervisory signals.

12 Huawei Confidential
Functional Boards of an OTM Site

An OTM site requires the following functional boards:

Optical transponder boards (LTX, LSC, ...)

Tributary and line boards (TQX, NS4, ...)

Optical multiplexer and demultiplexer boards (M40V/M48V, D40/D48, ITL, FIU,
and SFIU)

OA boards (OAU1, OBU1, ...)

OSC boards (SC1 and ST2)

Dispersion compensation unit (DCU) or dispersion compensation module (DCM)

System control and communication boards (SCC)

Spectrum analyzer boards (MCA8, OPM8, ...)
13 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a 40-Wavelength OTM Site

Rx OUTM01
OTU
OUT VI

M40V
Rx OUTM02
OTU VO OBU
OUT

IN SYS1
OUTM40 LINE1
Rx
TU LU
RM1 OSC2

SFIU
ST2
TM1 OSC1
Tx LINE2
IN D01
OTU IN SYS2
Tx IN D02 IN OUT

D40
OTU OAU VO

T IN D40 RDC VI
x TU LU TDC
OUT IN
DCM
Fixed attenuator

14 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a 48-Wavelength OTM Site

Rx OUTM01
OTU

M48V
OUT R_VI
Rx OUTM02
OTU R_OUT
R_VO

OUTM48 SYS1 LINE1

Rx
TU LU R_IN

RM1 OSC2

SFIU
ST2

DAP
TM1 OSC1
Tx LINE2
IN D01
OTU T_IN SYS2
Tx IN D02
D48
IN T_OUT
OTU T_V
O
T IN D48
x TU LU T_VI

Fixed attenuator

15 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of an 80-Wavelength OTM Site

Rx OUT M01
OTU

M40V
OUT RE
Rx OUT M40
OTU OUT VI OUT
VO OBU1
OBU
Rx OUT M01
OTU IN

M40V
OUT RO
SYS1 S LINE1
Rx OUT M40 I
TU LU RM1 OSC2 F

SFIU
ITL
T ST2
Tx IN D01 TM1 OSC1 I LINE2
OTU IN L SYS2

D40
TE
U
Tx IN D40
OTU IN OUT VI
OAU IN
Tx IN D01 RDC VO
OTU
IN TO TDC
D40

T IN D40
TU OUT IN
x LU Fixed attenuator
DCM

16 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a Single-Fiber Bidirectional OTM Site
OAU

Rx OUT MD01 TC1 RC1

OTU
Rx OUT MD02
OTU

Rx OUT MD18
TU LU
LINE LINE1 LINE2 SYS1

EX40
LINE1

MB1

SFIU
Tx MD23
IN
OTU
Tx IN MD24
OTU
T IN MD40
x TU LU
TC2 RC2 OSC OSC
2 1
OBU RM TM Fixed attenuator
1 1
ST2

17 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
▫ OTM
 OLA
▫ FOADM

▫ ROADM

▫ Application Scenarios

3. Basic Networking Elements

18 Huawei Confidential
Functional Boards of an OLA Site

An OLA site requires the following functional boards:

OA boards (OAU1, OBU1, ...)

Optical multiplexer and demultiplexer boards (FIU and SFIU)

OSC boards (SC2 and ST2)

Dispersion compensation unit (DCU) or dispersion compensation module (DCM)

19 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of an OLA Site

DCM
IN OUT
TDC
IN RDC

VO OUT SYS2
SYS1 OAU
VI

LINE1 LINE
2
OSC1 TM1 RM2 OSC2
SFIU

SFIU
ST2
OSC2 RM1 TM2 OSC1
LINE2 LINE1
VI SYS1
SYS2 OUT
OAU VO
RDC
IN
TDC
OUT IN
DCM

20 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
▫ OTM

▫ OLA
 FOADM
▫ ROADM

▫ Application Scenarios

3. Basic Networking Elements

21 Huawei Confidential
Functional Boards of an FOADM Site

An FOADM site requires the following functional boards:

Optical transponder boards (LTX, LSC, ...)

Tributary and line boards (TOA, NS4, ...)

Optical multiplexer and demultiplexer boards (M40V, D40, ITL, FIU, and SFIU)

FOADM boards (MR2, MR4, MR8, ...)

OA boards (OAU1, OBU1, ...)

OSC boards (SC2 and ST2)

Dispersion compensation unit (DCU) or dispersion compensation module (DCM)

22 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a Parallel FOADM Site (M40V/D40)

C_EVEN configuration

TM RM1 TM2 RM
SC2
RM TM1 RM2 TM
D01 M01
IN OUT

M40V
TC M RC

D40
IN OUT
OA Dn Mn 4 OA
OTU 0

FIU
FIU
V
OUT IN

OTU
M TC

M40V
RC OUT IN
4

D40
OA 0
OA
V

West East

OTU
OTU
OTU
OTU
Adjustable attenuator
Fixed attenuator

23 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a Serial FOADM Site (MRx)

C_EVEN configuration
TM RM1 TM2 RM
SC2
RM TM1 RM TM
2
IN OUT

TC IN MO OUT RC
OA O O
OA
MI

FIU
FIU
OADM
A OADM
A
D MI D TC
RC OUT IN
M M OA
OUT OA MO IN
A1 Ax A1 Ax
D1 Dx D1 Dx

OTU

OTU
OTU
OTU

Adjustable attenuator
Fixed attenuator

24 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
▫ OTM

▫ OLA

▫ FOADM
 ROADM
▫ Application Scenarios

3. Basic Networking Elements

25 Huawei Confidential
Basic Concepts - Directioned

Directioned: A local wavelength carrying services can be transmitted to a
specific direction.

Direction 1

IN OUT
ROADM board
AM1 DM1 AMx DMx

Wavelengths added or dropped locally can

be transmitted only to direction 1.

26 Huawei Confidential
Basic Concepts - Directionless

Directionless: A wavelength carrying local services can be transmitted to any
direction.
Direction 1 Direction x

AM1 DM1 AMx DMx

ROADM board
IN OUT

Wavelengths added or dropped locally can be

transmitted to any direction.

27 Huawei Confidential
Basic Concepts - Colored

Colored: The M40V and D40 boards are used to add and drop wavelengths.
Each port can only add or drop fixed wavelengths.

ROADM board

M40 D40

O O O O O O
T T T T T T
U U U U U U

28 Huawei Confidential
Basic Concepts - Colorless

Colorless: Any wavelength can be added or dropped through any port on the
ROADM board. The WSM9 and WSD9, WSM9 and RDU9, or TM20 and TD20
boards can be used to add or drop wavelengths.
ROADM board

WSM9 WSD9

WSM9 WSD9

O O O O
T T T T
U U U U

29 Huawei Confidential
Functional Boards of an ROADM Site

An ROADM site requires the following functional boards:

Optical transponder boards (LSX, ...)

Tributary and line boards (TOA + NS3, TTX + NS4, ...)

ROADM boards (WSMD2/4/9, WSM9, RDU9, WSD9, ...)

OA boards (OAU1, OBU1, ...)

Optical multiplexer and demultiplexer boards (M40V, D40, ITL, FIU, and SFIU)

OSC boards (SC2 and ST2)

Dispersion compensation unit (DCU) or dispersion compensation module (DCM)

30 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a 2-Degree ROADM Site (WSMD9)

OTU

OTU
OTU

OTU
OTU

OTU
… …
D40 M40V
DM1 DM8 AM1 AM8
IN TC IN EXPO RC OUT
OUT
OA OA
OA
FIU

FIU
EXPI
WSMD9 WSMD9
WSMD9
RC OUT IN
EXPO TC
OA OA
OA
OUT EXPI
IN
AM8 AM1 DM8 DM1
M40V D40
D40
… …

OTU
OTU
OTU

OTU

OTU

OTU

Adjustable attenuator
Fixed attenuator

31 Huawei Confidential
Signal Flow of a 4-Degree ROADM Site (RDU9+WSM9)

DC IN IN
M DC
M

FIU

FIU
OUT OUT
DC
M DC
M
OSC

DC IN
IN
M DC
M
FIU

FIU
OUT OUT
DC
M DC
M
OSC

32 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
▫ OTM

▫ OLA

▫ FOADM

▫ ROADM
 Application Scenarios

3. Basic Networking Elements

33 Huawei Confidential
40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Coherent Hybrid Transmission
WDM Systems (1)

Typical Application

40/100 40/100
Gbit/s M M Gbit/s
T N U U N T
X X
Client- / / Client-
side D D side
services M M services
40 Gbit/s 40 Gbit/s
OTU U U OTU
X X
100 Gbit/s 100 Gbit/s
OTU OTU

Coherent Coherent Optical Electrical T: Tributary

N: Line board
board wavelength signal signal board

34 Huawei Confidential
40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Coherent Hybrid Transmission
WDM Systems (2)

100G and 40G integral
100G optical-layer pass-through
granularity services are
40G optical-layer pass-through

Optical
transmitted at the optical layer.
100G sub-wavelength grooming
domain
Electric

100G and 40G services with
grooming
waveleng

OTU OTU
40G sub-

al
domain sub-granularities are groomed
th

.... ....
OTU OTU at the electrical layer.

40G 40G 10G

40G wavelength
100G wavelength

35 Huawei Confidential
NG WDM Terabit OTN – Network Bandwidth Manager

Generally, the backbone layer uses the 40/80 wavelengths x 40G or 40/80 wavelengths x
100G. Regional networks use 40 wavelengths x 10G. Sub-wavelength service grooming can
be used to cover the capacity gap between the backbone layer and regional networks.

Services are transparently transmitted, applicable to private line services such as
10GE/GE/2.5G services.

Backbon
e layer

4 x 10G -> 40G

4 x 2.5G -> 10G
4 x GE + 2 x 2.5G ->
10G
Regional/Met 4 x 2.5G ->
ro 10G
GE
2.5G
10
40G
G

36 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1. Network Layers and System Architecture

2. Site Types
3. Basic Networking Elements

37 Huawei Confidential
Basic Networking Elements

WDM network

Basic Networking Elements

Optical
signal-to-
Optical Non-linear
Dispersion noise
power effects
ratio
(OSNR)

38 Huawei Confidential
Optical Power Budget
 Fiber loss (dB) = POUT (dBm) – PIN (dBm)

= Distance (km) x a (dB/km)


In the1550 nm window, the loss coefficient of G.652 and G.655 fibers is 0.22
dB/km

POUT PIN

Site A Site B

39 Huawei Confidential
Dispersion Limit

Chromatic dispersion (ps/nm) = Distance (km) x Dispersion coefficient
(ps/nm.km)

G.652 fiber: Dispersion coefficient = 17 ps/nm.km

G.655 fiber: Dispersion coefficient = 4.5 ps/nm.km

CD is considered in actual projects.

DCMs are used to implement dispersion compensation for long-haul
transmission.

40 Huawei Confidential
OSNR (1)
 OSNR (dB) = 10 x lg [Psignal (mW)/Pnoise (mW)]

= Psignal (dBm) – Pnoise (dBm)


OSNR: Optical Signal to Noise Ratio

ASE: Amplified Spontaneous Emission

41 Huawei Confidential
OSNR (2)

OTU OTU
M

M40

D40
4 OA OA OA OA OA OA
0 OTS 1 OTS 2 OTS 3 OTS 4 OTS 5
OTU OTU

Optical
power
(dBm) Psignal

Pnoise (ASE)

Distance (km)

OSNR
(dB)

Distance
(km)

42 Huawei Confidential
Non-linear Effects

Methods for suppressing non-linear effects

Use fibers with large effective areas as transmission media.

Control optical power of signals.

Manage dispersion properly.

Use advanced light source technologies.

SRS SPM FWM ...

Non-linear effects
SPM ...

43 Huawei Confidential
Thank you. 把数字世界带入每个人、每个家庭、
每个组织，构建万物互联的智能世界。
Bring digital to every person, home, and
organization for a fully connected,
intelligent world.

Copyright©2021 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive

statements including, without limitation, statements regarding
the future financial and operating results, future product
portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors
that
could cause actual results and developments to differ materially

from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements.

Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose
only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei

may change the information at any time without notice.