Function,
and
Genres
of
Literatur
e
NATURE
OF
LITERAT
• Literature can be defined as an expression of
human feelings, thoughts, and ideas whose
medium is language, oral and written.
• Literature is not only about human ideas,
thoughts, and feelings but also about
experiences of the authors.
• Literature can be medium for human to
communicate what they feel, think,
experience to the readers.
• Literature is everything in print. It
means any writing can be categorized
as literature.
• Another way of defining literature is to
limit it to ‘great books’ which are
‘notable for literary form or
expression’.
• Literature contains universal ideas,
human imagination, and human
interest that written in any writings and
use language as medium to express
human’s ideas and feelings.
FUNCTIO
N OF
LITERAT
According to Horace
the three functions of
Literature are:
• (sweetness) It
Litera Dulce appeals to
human pleasure
or to the
ture Utile
emotional
• (usefulness) It
aspect, or
appeals to human
gives simply to
intellect; drawing
entertain;
•application to life;
“pleas Movere (to move) it
and
should appeal to
human
ure imagination;
igniting the soul
GENRES
OF
lITERATU
POE • is the most intense form of
writing. It allows a writer to
TRY
express his or her deepest
emotions and thoughts in a
SUB GENRES very personal way. It relies
heavily on figurative
OF POETRY
A. NARRATIVE POETRY- This form describes important events
language, rhythm, and
in life either real or imaginary. The different varieties are:
imagery to relay its message
• Epic- This is an extended narrative about
to readers.
heroic exploits often under supernatural
control. ItTale-
Metrical may This
deal is
with heroes and
a narrative gods.
which is
written in verse and can be classified either as
a ballad or a metrical romance.
Ballads - Of the narrative poems, this is considered the
shortest and the simplest. It has a simple structure and
tells of a simple incident.
B. LYRIC POETRY- originally, this refers to that kind of
poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre,
but now, this applies to any type of poetry that expresses
emotions and feelings
• Folksongs of the
(Awiting poet. These are short
Bayan)-
poems intended to be sung. The common theme
is love,This
• Sonnets- despair, grief,
is a lyric doubt,
poem joy,lines
of 14 hope and sorrow.
dealing
with an emotion a feeling or an idea. There are
two• types:
Elegy-Italian
This and Shakespearean
is a lyric poem which
expresses feelings of grief and
melancholy and whose theme is death.
• Ode- This is a poem of a noble feeling, expressed with
dignity, with no definite number of syllables or definite
number of lines in a stanza.
• Psalms (Dalit)- This is a song praising God or the
Virgin Mary and containing a philosophy of life.
• Awit (Song)- This has measures of 12 syllables
(dodecasyllabic) and is slowly sang to the
accompaniment of a guitar or banduria. Example:
• FLORANTE AT LAURA
Corridos (Korido)- This has measurements of
8 syllables (octosyllabic) and recited to a martial
beat.
PR • is the most common form of
writing. It is not restricted by
OSE
rhythm or dialogue, and it
most closely resembles
everyday speech. It is usually
Prose writing isstraightforward,
often divided into twoand may
primary categories:
utilize figurative language,
A. FICTION - Fiction is narrative writing that originates
dialogue,Itcharacters,
from the author’s imagination. is designed to and
entertain, but it canimagery.
also inspire, inform, or persuade.
• Novel-This is a long narrative divided into
chapters. The events are taken from true-to life
stories and spans long period of time
• Novella- This is shorter than a novel with a simplified
plot. It develops themes and characters fully
• Short Story - This is a story involving one or
more characters, one plot and one single
• impression
Legends- These are fictitious narratives, usually about
origins.
• Fables - These are also fictitious and they deal
with animals and inanimate things who speak
and act like people and their purpose is to
enlighten the minds of children to events that
can mold their
• Anecdotes ways are
- These andmerely
attitudes.
products of
the writer’s imagination and the main aim is
to bring out lessons to the reader. It can be
stories about animals and children
• Myths - This is a narrative that that explains the
origins of life, the occurrences in nature or the deeds
of a figure of folklore. It is rooted on both fact and
fiction.
B. NONFICTION - is writing that is based on true events,
people, places, and facts. It is designed to inform, and
sometimes to entertain.
• Autobiography- This is a narrative about one’s life
written by that person. It differs from a memoir in that it
usually covers the entire scope of the author’s life,
rather than
• Biography focusing
- This on a account
is a written single period of his orlife.
of a persons her life
It incorporates character, personality and
accomplishments.
• Essay - This expresses the viewpoint or
opinion of the writer about a particular
problem or event. The best example of
• Diaries and Journals - This is a personal, and often
daily, record of events, experiences, and reflection.
Diaries focus more on emotion and personal accounts.
Journals tend to be logs of events and often describes
the experiences of a group of people.
• Narrative Nonfiction - Narrative nonfiction, often
also referred to as creative nonfiction, is a literary
term for a text that presents a true story written in a
style more closely associated with fiction.
dra • is a literary work written to be
performed in front of an
ma
audience. It contains dialogue,
and actors impersonate the
characters. It is usually
divided into acts or scenes,
Primaryand reliesofon
Sub Genres props or
Drama:
• Tragedy - A imaginative
hero is broughtdialogue
down byto create
a visual
his/her own flaws, experience
usually for the
by ordinary
human flawsaudience.
– flaws like greed, over-
ambition, or even an excess of love,
honor, or loyalty.
• Comedy - The term comedy came from the
Greek term “Komos” meaning festivity or
revelry. This form usually is light and written
with a purpose of amusing, and usually has a
happy ending.
• History - It details the deeds and events of a
particular historical time period and often
features characters of royal lineage, or of
legend
• Melodrama - This is usually used in musical
plays with the opera. Today, this is related to
tragedy just as a farce is to comedy. It arouses
immediate and intense emotion and is usually
sad but there is a happy ending for the
principal character.
• Musical - It is a story told with dialogue,
music and dancing. It can include operas
and ballets.
Choose from one
(1) of the
GENRES of
GROUP
literature and
ACTIVIT perform it in– 30
Presentation class.
pts.
Y #2 Content – 15 pts.
Creativity – 10 pts.
Cooperation – 5 pts.
Total - 60 pts
