Dot Plots and Histograms
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Warm Up
Solve each problem.
1. Graph the numbers 1, 0, −3, −2, and 4 on a number line.
2. The total cost y of ordering x cakes from a bakery can be found
using the equation . Make a table to show the total cost of
ordering 1, 2, 3, or 4 cakes from the bakery.
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Warm Up
Solve each problem.
3. A survey is conducted asking people about their favorite
types of music. If the data were displayed using a bar graph,
what would the bars and their heights represent?
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Warm Up
Solve each problem.
1. Graph the numbers 1, 0, −3, −2, and 4 on a number line.
2. The total cost y of ordering x cakes from a bakery can be found
using the equation y = $19.99x + $3.75. Make a table to show the
total cost of ordering 1, 2, 3, or 4 cakes from the bakery.
x 1 2 3 4
y $23.74 $43.73 $63.72 $83.71
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Warm Up
Solve each problem.
3. A survey is conducted asking people about their favorite
types of music. If the data were displayed using a bar graph,
what would the bars and their heights represent?
Sample answer: The bars would represent the different
types of music and the height of each bar would represent
the number of people indicating that type of music.
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Standards for Mathematical Content
[Link].B.4
Display numerical data in plots on a number line,
including dot plots, histograms, and box plots.
[Link].B.5
Summarize numerical data sets in relation to their
context.
[Link].B.5.A
Summarize numerical data sets in relation to their
context, such as by reporting the number of observations.
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Standards for Mathematical Practice
MP2
Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
MP3
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of
others.
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Lesson Goal
Students will construct dot plots and histograms using
collected data.
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Learn
Construct Dot Plots
One way to represent a data set is to construct a dot plot. A dot
plot is a visual display of a distribution of data values where each
data value is shown as a dot above a number line.
The number of wins in a recent year by several football teams is
10, 9, 6, 6, 5, 5, 2, 12, 12, 8, 8, 7, 5, 5, and 4 wins. The dot plot
shown organizes the data and shows possible patterns.
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Learn
Construct Dot Plots
Talk About It!
How does using the visual representation allow
you to make observations more easily?
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Jasmine randomly surveyed the students in her school by
asking the question How many pets does your family own?
The results are shown in the table.
Number of Pets
3 0 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 0 1 2
1 2 3 4 3 3 2 0 1 4 2 2
Construct a dot plot of the data. Then summarize the results.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part A Construct a dot plot.
Draw and label a number line from
0 to 4, because the least data value
is 0 and the greatest data value is
4. For each data value, place a dot
above the corresponding number
on the number line.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part B Summarize the results.
A total of 24 students responded to the survey. Students
are more likely to own 1 or 2 pets than 3 or 4 pets. No
student in the survey owned more than 4 pets.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Talk About It!
Which representation—the table or the dot plot—helps
you visualize the results of the survey? Explain.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Check
Leah researched the number of Calories in a
Calories in a serving of peanut butter Serving of Peanut
from various brands of peanut butter. Butter
The results are shown in the table. 190 160 210 210
Construct a dot plot of the data. 200 185 190 190
Then summarize the results.
185 200 190 210
190 185 200 200
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part A
Construct a dot plot.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part A
Construct a dot plot.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part B
There are ___ brands of peanut butter. The brand with the
greatest number of Calories per serving contained ___
Calories and the brand with the least contained ____
Calories. The most common number of Calories per
serving was _____.
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Example 1
Construct Dot Plots
Part B
There are 16 brands of peanut butter. The brand with the
greatest number of Calories per serving contained 210
Calories and the brand with the least contained 160
Calories. The most common number of Calories per
serving was 190.
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Learn
Construct Histograms
Data from a frequency table can be displayed as a histogram,
a type of bar graph used to display numerical data that have
been organized into equal intervals. This allows you to see the
frequency distribution of the data, or the quantity of data that
are in each interval.
When constructing a histogram, it is important that the
intervals are equal and consecutive, so that you can make
accurate observations about the data, based on the heights
of the bars. The intervals should leave no gaps so that the
entire range of data can be represented.
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Learn
Construct Histograms
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Learn
Construct Histograms
Talk About It!
For which representation—a dot plot or a histogram—
can you see all of the individual data values? When
might you choose to use a histogram as opposed to a
dot plot?
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
A park ranger at a state park was Daily Visitors
asked the question How many daily 108 209 171 152 236
visitors attended the park each day 165 244 263 212 161
for the first 20 days of May?. The 327 185 192 226 137
table shows the results.
193 235 207 382 241
Construct a histogram to represent
the data.
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Think About It!
What intervals will you select for the histogram?
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Step 1 Make a frequency table. Daily Visitors
Use a scale to include all of the values, Visitors Frequency
100 through 399, with equally-spaced 100–149 2
intervals. 150–199 7
Complete the frequency table to organize 200–249 8
the data. 250–299 1
300–349 1
350–399 1
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Step 2 Draw and label the axes.
When you construct the histogram,
first draw the axes. Label the
horizontal axis using the intervals
from the frequency table, 100–149
through 350–399. Label the vertical
axis with the frequencies, 1–10.
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Step 3 Graph the intervals.
For each interval, draw a bar with a
height that is indicated by the
frequency table. Complete the
histogram by drawing and shading
the correct bar heights.
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Talk About It!
What observations can you make about the data
by studying the histogram?
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Check
The students in Mrs. Angelo’s class Number of Books Read
were asked the question How many
3 6 4 2 8 0
books did you read over summer
vacation?. The responses are 6 3 9 3 1 4
shown in the table. 5 12 10 4 11 0
Construct a histogram to represent 7 3 7 5 12 6
the data. 7 13 14 5 1 2
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Example 2
Construct Histograms
Check
Construct a histogram to
represent the data.
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Exit Ticket
One of Colorado's biggest tourist attractions is the Rocky
Mountain National Park. The Rocky Mountains run through most
of the western part of the state. Many of the peaks are well over
14,000 feet, hikers refer to peaks over this threshold as
"Fourteeners." According to the Colorado Geological Society,
there are 58 Fourteeners in the state of Colorado, the most of any
state in the U.S.
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Exit Ticket
Suppose in one certain region of the Rocky Mountains
there are 7 peaks with elevations of 12,361 feet, 12,618
feet, 13,308 feet, 13,631 feet, 13,829 feet, 14,100 feet,
and 14,440 feet. Describe the intervals you would use to
make a histogram to represent the data.
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Exit Ticket
One of Colorado's biggest tourist attractions is the Rocky
Mountain National Park. The Rocky Mountains run through most
of the western part of the state. Many of the peaks are well over
14,000 feet, hikers refer to peaks over this threshold as
"Fourteeners." According to the Colorado Geological Society,
there are 58 Fourteeners in the state of Colorado, the most of any
state in the U.S.
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Exit Ticket
Suppose in one certain region of the Rocky Mountains
there are 7 peaks with elevations of 12,361 feet, 12,618
feet, 13,308 feet, 13,631 feet, 13,829 feet, 14,100 feet,
and 14,440 feet. Describe the intervals you would use to
make a histogram to represent the data.
Sample answer: I would use the intervals 12,000–12,499,
12,500–12,999, 13,000–13,499, 13,500–13,999, and
14,000–14,499. An interval of 1,000 would be too large
and patterns in the data might not be seen.
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