DC Conductivity Studies of PANI and its
Oxide Composites
By
Ganesh (Reg. No. P04GG22S103003)
Akshaykumar Kattimani (Reg. No. P04GG22S103004)
Syeda Safura Tazeen (Reg. No. P04GG22S103006)
Laxmi (Reg. No. P04GG22S103007)
Menaka Mala (Reg. No. P04GG22S103012)
Under the guidance of
Dr. Syeda Seema
Department of PG Studies and Research in Physics,
Govt. College, Kalaburagi – 585106
Outline of the Presentation
• Introduction
• Preparation of Pellets
• DC Conductivity
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
A polymer consists of repeating units with the
same chemical structure.
Conducting polymers have ability to conduct
electrical charge similar to semiconductors.
Conductivity is the ability of a material to carry
electrical charge.
Examples of conducting polymers
Polyaniline Polypyrrole Polythiophene
NH
N S
H
Poly (p-phenylene) Poly (p-phenylenevinylene)
CH CH
There are mainly two groups of applications for organic conducting
polymers
Group – 1
APPLICATIONS
Electrostatic materials
Conducting adhesives
Electromagnetic shielding
Printed circuit boards
Artificial nerves
Group – 2
Rechargeable batteries
Sensors
Electrochromic devices
Electromechanical Actuators
Drug release systems
Chemical structure
A monomer Aniline
NH
Polyaniline
In the present study, Polyaniline is chosen as the
conducting polymer.
Polyaniline has
Special electrical properties
Good environmental stability
Easy to synthesis
Polyaniline find many commercial applications in
solar
cells, rechargeable batteries, super capacitors,
corrosion
protection, sensors, etc.
It also finds its use in biological and biomedical
applications including biosensors.
DOPING
Charge carriers or charged defects are
introduced in the organic polymers.
p-doping of the polymer chain with
electron acceptors
n-doping with electron donors
Doping increases the conductivity up to
105 Scm-1.
EFFECT OF DOPING
The process of doping help to increase
conductivity and give polymers more metallic
property.
Conductivity Increases to – 105 S/cm
Idea behind the work…
Conducting
Polymer Composites Metal
(Polyanilne) Oxide
In the present study the following
metal oxides are used
• Niobium Pentoxide (Nb2O5)
• Cerium Oxide (CeO2)
PREPARATION OF PELLETS
Sample Powder ( Pure PANI and its
Composites)
The powder is then pressed to form pellets of 10mm diameter and
thickness in the range 2 - 3 mm by applying pressure of 110 MPa in a
Pellet Press.
Pellets of Pure PANI and its Composites
Pellet Press
DC CONDUCTIVITY
l
Scm 1
RA
where l (cm) is the sample thickness, A
(cm2) is its area and R (ohm) is the
resistance of the material.
Experimental set-up for DC measurement
Polyaniline
Variation of σdc as a function of temperature for pure PANI
Polyaniline - Nb2O5 - CeO2 Composite
CONCLUSION
In the present study, the powders of Polyaniline and
Polyaniline - Niobium Pentoxide - Cerium Oxide (PANI-Nb2O5-
CeO2) composites, so obtained from synthesis techniques
were crushed and finely ground in agate mortar in the
presence of acetone medium. The powder is then pressed to
form pellets of 10 mm diameter and thickness in the range 2 -
3 mm by applying pressure of 110 MPa in a pellet press.
The dc conductivity was studied in the temperature range 45-
180 0C. It was observed that the conductivity remains nearly
constant up to 100 0C and thereafter increases exponentially.
Such behaviour is the characteristic of amorphous materials.
DC conductivity carried over Polyaniline and its composites
shows the presence of polarons as charge carriers and
confirms the extended chain length of Polyaniline.
Acknowledgement
We express our whole hearted and sincere gratitude to our project supervisor Dr. Syeda Seema, associate professor
and coordinator, dept. Of PG studies in physics, government college (autonomous), kalaburagi for her scholarly guidance,
keen interest, strong motivation and constant encouragement during the course of the work.
We also gratefully acknowledge Dr. Prashant kumar M, associate professor, Dr. Vinodkumar rathod, associate
professor, Dr. Chivukula srikant, professor and Dr. Farhana parveen, associate professor, dept. Of PG studies in physics,
government college (autonomous), kalaburagi for their inspiration, guidance and valuable comments.
We thank Dr. Dawalappa B H, head of the department of physics, government college (autonomous) kalaburagi for
providing all the facilities necessary for the completion of this project work.
We are very much grateful to Dr. Nagabasavanna G, dean and head, dept. Of PG studies in physics, sharnbasva
university, kalaburagi for his kind support during this work.
We owe our sincere thanks to the entire staff of department of physics, government college (autonomous), kalaburagi
for their valuable advice, support, co-operation and encouragement during our work.
Last but not the least, we would like to render our deep sense of gratefulness to our beloved parents and
family members and also to all friends who have extended their co-operation for the successful completion of this
Thank
You
