Reva university
Database
Connectivity Steps
"Empowering Java Applications to Interact Seamlessly with Databases"
Database Connectivity in Java
1 Sai Kumar [R23DE221]
2 Chandra Shekhar [R23DE237]
3 Rayees Ahamad [R23DE208]
Srinath KR [R23DE196]
4
Introduction to JDBC
What is JDBC?
• JDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity.
• It is an API used to connect Java applications with databases.
• Allows us to perform operations like:
Connecting to a database.
Executing SQL queries.
Retrieving and processing results.
Project Setup in Java
Preparing the Java Project
1. Create a new Java project in your IDE.
2. Add the JDBC driver to your project:
• Go to Project Settings → Libraries → Add JAR/Folder → Select the
driver file.
3. Verify that your project can recognize the driver.
Output of this Step:
• Database is ready.
• Java project is set up with JDBC support.
Requirements for Database Connectivity
What Do You Need?
Database Software: Install any relational database like
MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Oracle.
JDBC Driver: A specific driver is needed to connect the Java
application to the database. Examples:
• MySQL: mysql-connector-java.jar.
• PostgreSQL: postgresql-<version>.jar.
Java IDE: Use tools like Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, or NetBeans for
coding.
Setting Up the Database
Create the Database and Table
• Use MySQL (or any database tool) to create a sample database:sqlCopy
code
• Result: A database with one table (passengers) is ready.
Database Connectivity
Why Establish a Database Connection?
• To enable Java applications to interact with databases.
• Essential for performing CRUD operations:
Create (Insert Data)
Read (Retrieve Data)
Update (Modify Data)
Delete (Remove Data)
Example: Connecting to a MySQL database using JDBC.
Required Libraries
Import Required Libraries
Use the java.sql package for database operations:
Why is it Needed?
Provides essential classes like Connection, DriverManager,and
SQLException.
Loading the JDBC Driver
Load the JDBC Driver
In older versions, the driver must be explicitly loaded:
Purpose: Ensures the Java application recognizes the database
driver.
Note: For Java 8 or later, this step is optional as drivers are
auto-loaded.
Establish the Connection
Use DriverManager to Connect
• Provide the database URL, username, and password:
Output:
• Successful connection establishes communication between
Java and the database.
Handling Errors
Error Handling with try-catch
Wrap the connection code in try-catch blocks to handle
exceptions:
Why Handle Errors?
• Ensures smooth application behavior and proper debugging.
Query Execution
What Are SQL Queries?
• SQL queries are used to perform operations on the database:
INSERT: Add new records.
SELECT: Retrieve data.
UPDATE: Modify existing data.
DELETE: Remove records.
• These queries interact with the database after the connection
is established.
Executing SQL Queries
Using Statement Interface
• Create a Statement object from the connection
Execute queries like INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
Example for INSERT:
String sql = "INSERT INTO passengers (name, email,
contact_number) VALUES ('John Doe', '
[email protected]',
'1234567890')";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
Prepared Statements
Why Use PreparedStatement?
Safer for dynamic and parameterized queries.
Prevents SQL injection.
Example:
Retrieving Data with SELECT Queries
Using executeQuery
For retrieving data:
Use ResultSet to process rows and access column values.
Closing the Database Connection
Why Close the Database Connection?
• Releases system resources (memory, CPU).
• Prevents memory leaks and resource contention.
• Ensures smooth database performance and stability.
• Avoids blocking other processes from accessing the database.
.
Steps to Close the Database Connection
Closing the Connection
Close the Connection object:
Frees up the resources held by the connection.
Close the Statement and ResultSet objects:
try-with-resources
Automatic Resource Management
Java 7 and later supports try-with-resources for automatic closure:
Benefits:
• Resources are automatically closed at the end of the try block.
• Cleaner and more maintainable code.
Errors While Closing
Error Handling During Connection:
Use try-catch to handle exceptions when closing resources:
Best Practices for Closing Connections
Best Practices
• Close in reverse order:
Close ResultSet → Statement → Connection.
• Always use try-with-resources to simplify code and avoid
forgetting closures.
• Avoid using global or long-lived connections.
Thank you !
