Programming Methodology
C programming Language
Programming methodology
• Programming methodology is the study of analysis,
design and implementation of programs (software).
Definitions
• Programming: This is the process of writing a set of
instructions that can be interpreted and executed by
a computer.
Definitions
• Program: A program, also known as computer
program or software program, is an organized set of
instructions that the computer can execute. There are
a number of (qualities) to good programs:
– Run correctly
– Run efficiently
– Easy to read and understand (comments)
– Easy to debug
– Easy to modify
Definitions
• Algorithm: This is a procedure and sequence of actions to
accomplish some task.
• Application Programmer: This is a person with computer
programming expertise to develop application programs.
• Bug: In programming, a bug, also called software bug, is an
error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a program that prevents
it from working as intended, or produces an incorrect result.
Definitions
• Code : It refers to source code or machine code.
Source code is any series of statements written in
some human-readable programming language, while
machine code refers to instructions for a computer
processor in some machine language.
• Coding: In software, coding means implementation of
a programming logic using a specific programming
language.
Definitions
• Software Engineering: Refers to a systematic approach
to the analysis, design, implementation and
maintenance of software, in which technologies and
practices from computer science, project
management, engineering, application domains and
other fields, are applied.
• Software metric: It is a quantitative measure of some
property of a piece of software or its specifications.
Common software metrics include order of growth ,
source lines of code etc
Definitions
• Syntax: In programming, syntax refers to the spelling
and grammar of a programming language.
System development life cycle is the process (SDLC)
• This is a framework for defining activities performed
during software development. It defines seven stages:
planning, analysis, design, development, testing,
implementation and maintenance.
SDLC STAGES
SN Phase/Stage Activities
• Identify and select the system for development
• Assess project feasibility
• Develop project plan
1. Planning
• Gather business requirements
• Create process diagrams e.g. Use case diagrams, sequence
diagrams, DFD Perform a buy versus build analysis
2. Analysis
3. • Design the IT infrastructure e.g. network, hardware
Design and software.
SDLC STAGES
• Design system models e.g. GUI, ERD e.t.c. Design
programs(algorithms)
• Develop the IT infrastructure e.g. network, hardware and software
4. Development • Develop database and application programs
5. Testing • Write the test conditions
• Perform the system testing
• System training
6. • Conversion e.g. parallel, phased, pilot and plunge conversion
Implementation
Build a build a help desk to support
the system users Perform system
7. Maintenance maintenance
Provide an environment to support system
changes.
Program development life cycle (PDLC)
• This is a framework that defines the steps used to
build software applications.
• The framework defines six steps in program
development: Analysis of the problem, design, code,
testing and debugging, documentation and
maintenance.
•
PDLC
• Clearly define the problem to solve
1. Problem analysis • Write program specifications: input, output, processing
2.
Program design Develop the algorithm using a suitable tool e.g. pseudo code.
• Translate the algorithm into application program
3. Program coding • Include internal documentation i.e. comments
• Use test data to find errors
4. Testing and debugging • Correct the errors(debugging)
• Revise internal documentation
5. Documentation • Include external documentation
6. • Provide user training and support
• Correct any unanticipated errors
Maintenance
• Perform any modifications as required
