Unit-2 Principal stresses and strains
What is going to learn in principal stresses & strain ?
Rule/Considerations:-
1. Reference
plane
, clockwise & Anticlockwise -
2. Oblique plane +ve Ve
at
Consideration for shear stress:-
1) At a point in a two mutually perpendicular directions, the stresses
are 80 N/mm2 tensile and 40 N/mm2 tensile. Each of above stress
accompanied by a shear stress of 60 N/mm2. Determine analytically
normal stress, shear stress and resultant stress on an oblique plane
inclined at an angle 450 with the axis of minor tensile stress.
2) A point in a strained material is subjected to a tensile stress of 65
N/mm2 and a compressive stress of 45 N/mm2, acting on two
mutually perpendicular planes and a shear stress of 10 N/mm2 are
acting on these planes. Find the normal stress, tangential stress
and resultant stress on a plane inclined to 300 with the plane of the
compressive stress.
3) A material is subjected to two mutually perpendicular direct stresses
of 93.5 MPa tensile (in y direction) and 42.5 MPa compressive (in x
direction), together with a shear stress of 44 MPa. The shear couple
acting on planes carrying the 93.5 MPa stress is clockwise in effect.
Calculate:
(a) magnitude and nature of the principal stresses;
(b) magnitude of the maximum shear stresses in the plane of the given
stress system;
(c) direction of the planes on which these stresses act
4) In a material subjected to strain, the resultant stress on the plane whose outward normal is
along the x-axis is 60 N/mm2 tensile, inclined at 300 to the x-axis as shown in Fig R The
normal stress across the plane at right angle to the plane to the plane is 40 N/mm tensile
Find:
•Principal planes
•Principal stresses
•Planes of maximum and minimum shear stresses
•Maximum and minimum shear stresses
•Normal stress on the planes of maximum and minimum shear stresses.
•.
5) At a section in a strained material, the stresses on two mutually
perpendicular planes are shown in Fig. Find the principal stresses
and maximum shear stress
A) Body subjected to direct stresses without shear stress
1) At a point in a strained material, the principal tensile stresses across
two perpendicular planes are 80 N/mm2 and 40 N/mm2. Determine
normal stress, shear stress and resultant stress on a plane inclined at
200 with major principal plane. Determine also the obliquity.
Mohr’s circle
Scale:- 1cm = 8 N/mm2
2) At a point in strained material, the principal stresses are 180 MPa
and 60 MPa respectively. The plane inclined at 200 with major
principal plane, find the normal, tangential and resultant stress on
this plane, using Mohr's circle method
B) Body subjected to direct stresses with shear stress
5) At a point in a material, there is horizontal tensile stress of 270
MPa, a vertical tensile stress of 130 MPa and shearing stress of 40
MPa downward on left shown in Fig. With the aid of Mohr's circle,
determine maximum and minimum principal stresses and the plane
on which they act.
6) At a point in a bracket the normal stresses on two mutually
perpendicular planes are of 120 N/mm2 tensile and 60 N/mm2 tensile.
The shear stress across these planes is 30 N/mm2. Find using the
Mohr's circle, the principal stresses and maximum shear stress at the
point.
