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Functionality of Each Component

The document outlines the essential components of a computer, including the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, and ROM, detailing their functionalities and interconnections. It explains how the computer case provides protection and airflow, while the motherboard acts as the central hub for communication between components. Additionally, it describes the roles of RAM for temporary storage and the North Bridge and South Bridge for managing data flow within the system.

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chaduvu12
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10 views17 pages

Functionality of Each Component

The document outlines the essential components of a computer, including the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, and ROM, detailing their functionalities and interconnections. It explains how the computer case provides protection and airflow, while the motherboard acts as the central hub for communication between components. Additionally, it describes the roles of RAM for temporary storage and the North Bridge and South Bridge for managing data flow within the system.

Uploaded by

chaduvu12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Components-

Functionality
Computer Case - Protection and Cooling

• The computer case (chassis or tower) houses and protects all


internal components while providing airflow management,
electromagnetic shielding, and physical protection.
• Cases come in various form factors (Mini-ITX,
Micro-ATX, Full ATX) to accommodate different
motherboard sizes and components.
• They include front panel connectors for power
buttons, USB ports, and audio jacks, with quality
cases focusing on thermal management,
component compatibility, and build durability.
Types of Mother board
Mother Board-The System Foundation

• A motherboard is the primary circuit board in a computer,


acting as the central hub that connects and allows
communication between all the internal components and
external peripherals.
• Distributes power to hardware
• Enables data transfer between parts
• Houses essential ports and slots
• Connects to case connectors, ports and power button
Functions of
Motherboard
Central Processing Unit (CPU) - The Computer's

Brain

• The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the most critical


component in any computer system. The CPU processes all
instructions and calculations that make your system work.
• Executes program instructions
• Processes data from memory
• Controls system operations
• Manages component communication
I/O connectors
A PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) slot is a type of expansion slot on a
computer's motherboard that allows users to install expansion cards, such as
sound cards or network cards, to add or upgrade a computer's functionality
CMOS Battery
The small, coin-shaped battery provides power to
the Real-Time Clock (RTC) and stores the
CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)
chip, which holds the computer's system
configuration settings like the date, time, and boot
order.
Random Access Memory (RAM) - Temporary

Storage

• RAM (Random Access Memory) directly impacts your system's


performance by serving as temporary storage for active
programs and data, enabling lightning-fast CPU access.
• Programs load from storage into RAM because accessing RAM
data is hundreds of times faster than from hard drives or
SSDs.
• Stores active programs and data
• Enables quick data access
• Supports multitasking
• Works with CPU for processing
ROM
• ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is a type of non-
volatile computer memory that permanently
stores data that cannot be easily modified or
written.
North Bridge and
South Bridge
• Northbridge typically handles the faster communication
between the CPU, RAM, and graphics card, while
Southbridge manages the slower communication between
the CPU and other peripherals such as USB ports, hard drives,
and audio devices.
An AGP slot (Accelerated Graphics Port) was a high-speed, parallel
expansion slot designed specifically for connecting graphics cards to
a computer's motherboard to accelerate 3D graphics performance.

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