大卫·鲁宾斯坦：修订间差异

| occupation = {{Hlist|Lawyer|businessman}}商人

| predecessor1 = [[{{tsl|en| Carla Anderson Hills|卡拉·安德森·西尔斯]]}} <br>[[罗伯特·鲁宾]]

'''大卫·马克·鲁宾斯坦'''（David Mark Rubenstein，{{bd|1949年|8月11日}}）是一位美国律师、商人和慈善家<ref>{{Cite web|title=AllGov - Officials|url=http://www.allgov.com/officials/rubenstein-david?officialid=29254|access-date=2021-03-19|website=www.allgov.com|archive-date=2023-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601031857/http://www.allgov.com/officials/rubenstein-david?officialid=29254|dead-url=no}}</ref>，[[凯雷集团]]联合创始人兼联席主席<ref name="CarlyleBio">[https://carlyle.com/about-carlyle/team/david-m-rubenstein The Carlyle Group – Team – David M. Rubenstein] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194404/https://carlyle.com/about-carlyle/team/david-m-rubenstein|date=January 2, 2014}} January 2014</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Gelles|first=David|date=2020-03-12|title=Billionaire Confessional: David Rubenstein on Wealth and Privilege|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/david-rubenstein-carlyle-corner-office.html|accessdate=2020-09-03|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=June 22, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622175121/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/12/business/david-rubenstein-carlyle-corner-office.html}}</ref>，截至2022年12月净资产32亿美元<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Rubenstein|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/david-rubenstein/|access-date=2022-12-11|website=Forbes|archive-date=2017-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730025214/https://www.forbes.com/profile/david-rubenstein/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

鲁宾斯坦是[[巴爾的摩]]一个普通犹太家庭的独生子，父亲是[[美國郵政署|美国邮政局]]职员，母亲是家庭主妇<ref>{{Cite news|title=Donor Gives Lincoln Center $10 Million|author=Robin Pogrebin|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/01/arts/01donor.html|work=The New York Times|date=September 30, 2009|accessdate=July 28, 2012|archivedate=November 16, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116110128/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/01/arts/01donor.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Five local Jews make Forbes richest list|author=Aaron Leibel|url=http://washingtonjewishweek.com/main.asp?SectionID=4&SubSectionID=60&ArticleID=11567&TM=24272.7|work=Washington Jewish Week|date=October 7, 2009|agency=JTA News and Features|accessdate=July 28, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905154137/http://washingtonjewishweek.com/main.asp?SectionID=4|archivedate=September 5, 2012}}</ref>。他毕业于巴尔的摩城市学院预科高中，之后进入[[杜克大学]]，加入Phi Beta Kappa兄弟会，1970年获政治学文学学士学位<ref>{{Cite web|title=David M. Rubenstein: The Patriotic Philanthropist {{!}} Wells Fargo Conversations|url=https://conversations.wf.com/mindful-giving/|access-date=2022-12-11|website=conversations.wf.com|archive-date=2023-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127015353/https://conversations.wf.com/mindful-giving/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。1973年，他获[[芝加哥大学法学院]][[法律博士|法律博士学位]]，任《芝加哥大学法律评论》(The University of Chicago Law Review)编辑<ref name="CarlyleBio">[https://carlyle.com/about-carlyle/team/david-m-rubenstein The Carlyle Group – Team – David M. Rubenstein] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194404/https://carlyle.com/about-carlyle/team/david-m-rubenstein|date=January 2, 2014}} January 2014</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=David M. Rubenstein: Biography|url=https://www.davidrubenstein.com/biography.html|access-date=2022-12-11|website=www.davidrubenstein.com|archive-date=2023-05-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530051624/https://www.davidrubenstein.com/biography.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

1973年至1975年间，鲁宾斯坦在纽约[[{{tsl|en| Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison |宝维斯律师事务所]]}}执业，1975年至1976年任[[美国参议院司法委员会]]宪法修正案小组委员会的首席顾问，也曾是[[吉米·卡特]]的国内政策顾问<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dukeangelnetwork.duke.edu/staff-member/david-rubenstein/|title=David Rubenstein|work=Duke Angel Network|accessdate=2017-04-07|archivedate=April 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408083056/https://dukeangelnetwork.duke.edu/staff-member/david-rubenstein/}}</ref>。1987年，鲁宾斯坦与其他人共同创立[[凯雷集团]]<ref name="carlyle.com">{{Cite web|title=The Carlyle Group {{!}} Global Investment Firm|url=https://www.carlyle.com/#our-firm/1|access-date=2021-03-17|publisher=The Carlyle Group|archive-date=2023-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918023242/http://www.carlyle.com/#our-firm/1|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

2019年10月，鲁宾斯坦出版他的第一本书<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-American-Story/David-M-Rubenstein/9781982120252|title=The American Story|date=October 29, 2019|isbn=9781982120252|accessdate=September 4, 2019|archivedate=September 4, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904142948/https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-American-Story/David-M-Rubenstein/9781982120252|last=Rubenstein|first=David M.}}</ref>《美国故事：历史学大师访谈》（''The American Story: Interviews with Master Historians''）。他也主持过一些电视节目，如[[美国公共广播公司]]的《大卫·鲁宾斯坦谈历史》（History with David Rubenstein）<ref>{{Cite web|title=History with David Rubenstein Premieres July 3, 2020 at 8:30pm on WETA PBS|url=https://weta.org/press/history-david-rubenstein-premieres-july-3-2020-830pm-weta-pbs|access-date=2021-03-17|website=WETA|archive-date=2023-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426154719/https://weta.org/press/history-david-rubenstein-premieres-july-3-2020-830pm-weta-pbs|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

他参与了[[捐款承诺赠誓言]]行动，是首批承诺将自己一半以上财富捐赠给慈善事业的人。<ref>{{Cite news|title=40 billionaires pledge to donate half their wealth|url=http://archive.boston.com/business/articles/2010/08/04/40_wealthy_families_pledge_to_donate_their_money/|work=Boston.com|date=August 4, 2010|accessdate=March 23, 2016|archivedate=April 6, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406060446/http://archive.boston.com/business/articles/2010/08/04/40_wealthy_families_pledge_to_donate_their_money/|author=Blankinship|first=Donna Gordon}}</ref>

他也是一名艺术爱好者，2007年12月用2130万美元买下《[[大宪章]]》副本<ref>{{Cite news|work=[[The Times]]|location=London|date=December 19, 2007|title=Magna Carta bought for $21m by US tycoon|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article3070798.ece|first=James|author=Bone|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121181301/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article3070798.ece|archivedate=November 21, 2008|accessdate=July 28, 2012}}</ref>，放在[[国家档案和记录管理局]]展出<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/magna-carta-returns-to-national-archives/|title=Magna Carta Returns to National Archives|date=March 4, 2008|author=Mike Nizza|accessdate=26 March 2009|work=The New York Times|archivedate=March 28, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328120738/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/magna-carta-returns-to-national-archives/}}</ref>。2011年，他又给档案局捐赠了1350万美元以建立画廊和游客中心<ref>{{Cite journal |date=June 2011 |title=$13.5 million gift to Foundation |journal=Declarations |publisher=National Archives and Records Administration |issue=603 |page=3}}</ref>。

他向国家美术馆捐赠了1000万美元，用于东楼的翻新和扩建工程，工程于2016年9月竣工。之后，他又在2021年向国家美术馆捐赠了1000万美元。2021年，他成为国家美术馆董事会主席。<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Gallery of Art Board of Trustees Elects Indra Nooyi as New Trustee; Sharon Rockefeller Retires as Chairman; Trustees Elect David Rubenstein as Chairman|url=https://www.nga.gov/press/2021/board-of-trustees.html|access-date=2023-09-22|archive-date=2023-05-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522193710/https://www.nga.gov/press/2021/board-of-trustees.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

鲁宾斯坦已向[[杜克大学]]捐赠超过1亿美元，2013年至2017年担任该校校董会主席<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2016/06/rubenstein-to-leave-dukes-board-of-trustees-in-2017-after-years-of-university-contributions|title=David Rubenstein to leave Duke's Board of Trustees in 2017 after years of University contributions|work=The Chronicle|accessdate=2017-12-07|archivedate=December 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208070705/http://www.dukechronicle.com/article/2016/06/rubenstein-to-leave-dukes-board-of-trustees-in-2017-after-years-of-university-contributions}}</ref>。

鲁宾斯坦于2007年5月31日当选成为[[芝加哥大学]]校董事会成员董事<ref>{{Cite web|title=Two business leaders join University Board of Trustees|url=http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/070712/boardoftrustees.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725225914/http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/070712/boardoftrustees.shtml|archive-date=July 25, 2011|access-date=2017-12-07|website=chronicle.uchicago.edu}}</ref>。2010年、2013年、2016年和2019年，他向芝加哥大学法学院提供了总计4600万美元的奖学金 <ref>{{Cite web|title=David Rubenstein Commits $13 Million to UChicago Law School|url=http://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/david-rubenstein-commits-13-million-to-uchicago-law-school|access-date=2021-03-17|website=Philanthropy News Digest (PND)|archive-date=2021-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120010132/https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/david-rubenstein-commits-13-million-to-uchicago-law-school|dead-url=no}}</ref>，2022年成为校董会主席<ref>{{Cite web |title=David Rubenstein elected chair of University of Chicago's Board of Trustees {{!}} University of Chicago News |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/david-rubenstein-chair-board-of-trustees-university-of-chicago |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=news.uchicago.edu |archive-date=2023-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522193647/https://news.uchicago.edu/story/david-rubenstein-chair-board-of-trustees-university-of-chicago |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

鲁宾斯坦向[[哈佛大学肯尼迪学院]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rubenstein Gives $5M to K-School {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2008/5/19/rubenstein-gives-5m-to-k-school-david/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530091343/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2008/5/19/rubenstein-gives-5m-to-k-school-david/|archive-date=May 30, 2016|access-date=2019-08-15|website=www.thecrimson.com}}</ref>捐赠了6000万美元，也是哈佛全球咨询委员会（Harvard Global Advisory Council）主席、哈佛公司（Harvard Corporation）成员。<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 23, 2017|title=The New Corporation Man|url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/5/23/david-rubenstein-harvard-corporation/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428051137/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/5/23/david-rubenstein-harvard-corporation/|archive-date=April 28, 2018|access-date=2019-08-15|website=www.thecrimson.com|publisher=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref>。

鲁宾斯坦也向[[约翰斯·霍普金斯大学医学院]]陆续捐赠了至少3000万美元，是该大学校董。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trustees|url=https://trustees.jhu.edu/trustees/|access-date=2022-12-12|website=JHU Board of Trustees|archive-date=2023-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719202245/https://trustees.jhu.edu/trustees/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* 2014年，[[美国文理科学院]]院士<ref>{{Cite web|title=David M. Rubenstein|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/david-m-rubenstein|access-date=2021-03-17|website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|archive-date=2023-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807184116/https://www.amacad.org/person/david-m-rubenstein|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* 2018年，[[达特茅斯学院]]荣誉学位<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vereckey|first=Betsy|date=November 11, 2019|title=David M. Rubenstein Advises MBAs to Follow their Passions and Lead by Example|url=https://www.tuck.dartmouth.edu//news/articles/david-rubenstein-advises-mbas-to-follow-their-passions-and-lead-by-example|access-date=2021-03-17|website=www.tuck.dartmouth.edu|archive-date=2023-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517003417/https://www.tuck.dartmouth.edu//news/articles/david-rubenstein-advises-mbas-to-follow-their-passions-and-lead-by-example|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* 2019年，[[布朗大学]]荣誉学位<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brown to confer seven honorary degrees at Commencement 2019|url=https://www.brown.edu/news/2019-04-23/honorary|access-date=2021-03-17|website=Brown University|archive-date=2023-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426154719/https://www.brown.edu/news/2019-04-23/honorary|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* 2019年，[[美國哲學學會|美国哲学会]]院士<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=David+M.+Rubenstein&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-02-04|website=search.amphilsoc.org|archive-date=2023-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422225554/https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=David+M.+Rubenstein&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|dead-url=no}}</ref>

{{Reflist|30em}}

* [https://www.bloomberg.com/peer-to-peer ''The David Rubenstein Show''] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/peer-to-peer |date=20190708084715 }}