Armenian genocide: Difference between revisions

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Undid revision 1037782048 by LearnIndology (talk)Akcam speaks of assimilation
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| coordinates =
| date = 1915–1917{{sfn|Suny|2015|pp=245, 330}}
| type = [[Genocide]], [[Deportation|expulsion]], [[death march]], [[Hiddencultural Armenians|forcedassimilation islamisation]], [[ethnic cleansing]]
|target= [[Ottoman Armenians]]
| fatalities = [[#Death toll|600,000–1.5 million]]{{sfn|Bijak|Lubman|2016|p=39}}{{sfn|Morris|Ze'evi|2019|p=1}}
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===Islamization===
[[File:Armenians rescued from Arabs LCCN2014706724.png|thumb|upright|Islamized Armenians who were "rescued from Arabs" after the war]]
IslamizationCultural assimilation of Armenians was carried out as a systematic state policy involving the bureaucracy, police, judiciary, and clergy and was a major structural component of the genocide.{{sfn|Akçam|2012|pp=314, 316}}{{sfn|Kurt|2016|loc=abstract, Conversion Experience of an Armenian Survivor: Krikor Bogharian’s Story}} An estimated 100,000 to 200,000 Armenians were Islamized.{{sfn|Akçam|2012|p=331}} Some Armenians were allowed to convert to Islam and evade deportation, but where their numbers exceeded the 5 to 10 percent threshold, or where there was a risk of their being able to preserve their nationality and culture, the regime insisted on their physical destruction.{{sfn|Akçam|2012|pp=290–291}} Talaat Pasha personally authorized conversion of Armenians and carefully tracked the loyalty of converted Armenians until the end of the war.{{sfn|Kurt|2016|loc=Religious Conversion as a Bureaucratic Process}} Although the first and most important step was conversion to Islam, the process also required the eradication of [[Armenian name]]s, [[Armenian language|language]], and [[Armenian culture|culture]], and for women, immediate marriage to a Muslim man.{{sfn|Kurt|2016|loc=The Mechanics of Absorption: Disappearance of Armenian National and Cultural Identity}} Although Islamization was the most feasible opportunity for survival, it also transgressed Armenian moral and social norms.{{sfn|Kurt|2016|loc=Religious Conversion as a Bureaucratic Process}}
 
The CUP allowed Armenian women to marry into Muslim households, as these women had to convert to Islam and would lose their Armenian identity.{{sfn|Kaiser|2010|p=377}} Young women and girls were often appropriated as house servants or sex slaves. Some boys were abducted to work as unfree laborers for individual Muslims.{{sfn|Kaiser|2010|p=377}}{{sfn|Watenpaugh|2013|pp=291–292}} Some children were forcibly seized, but others were sold or given up by their parents to save their lives.{{sfn|Akçam|2012|p=314}}{{sfn|Watenpaugh|2013|pp=284–285}} Special state-run orphanages were also set up with strict procedures intending to deprive their charges of an Armenian identity.{{sfn|Kurt|2016|loc=Orphanages and Prostitution by Armenian Women as a Survival Strategy}} Most Armenian children who survived the genocide endured exploitation, hard labor without pay, forced conversion to Islam, and physical and sexual abuse.{{sfn|Watenpaugh|2013|pp=291–292}}