Jump to content

Coulsdon

Coordinates: 51°19′16″N 0°08′19″W / 51.3211°N 0.1386°W / 51.3211; -0.1386
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coulsdon
Brighton Road
Coulsdon is located in Greater London
Coulsdon
Coulsdon
Location within Greater London
Population25,695 (2011 Census)[1][2]
OS grid referenceTQ3059
London borough
Ceremonial countyGreater London
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCOULSDON
Postcode districtCR5
Dialling code020
01737
PoliceMetropolitan
FireLondon
AmbulanceLondon
UK Parliament
London Assembly
List of places
UK
England
London
51°19′16″N 0°08′19″W / 51.3211°N 0.1386°W / 51.3211; -0.1386

Coulsdon (/ˈkuːlzdən/, traditionally pronounced /ˈkoʊlzdən/) is a town in south London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. Coulsdon was an ancient parish in the county of Surrey that included the settlements of Purley and Kenley. It was merged with Sanderstead in 1915 to form the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and has formed part of Greater London since 1965.

History

[edit]
A topological view of Coulsdon, showing the various hill and valleys.

The location forms part of the North Downs. The hills contain chalk and flint. A few dry valleys with natural underground drainage merge and connect to the main headwater of the River Wandle, as a winterbourne (stream), so commonly called "the Bourne".[3][4] Although this breaks onto the level of a few streets when the water table is exceptionally high, the soil is generally dry. The depression and wind gap was a natural route across the Downs for early populations.

Fossil records exist from the Pleistocene period (about 4,000,000 years ago).[5]

There is evidence of human occupation from the Neolithic period, Iron Age,[6][7] Anglo-Saxon,[8][9][10][11] Bronze Age,[12][13] Roman and Medieval.[14] In 675, Frithwald, an Ealdorman and viceroy of King Wulfhere of Mercia, gave land at Cuthraedesdune to Chertsey Abbey.[15][16][17] It appears as Colesdone in the Domesday Book.[18][19] In 1537, the Dissolution of the monasteries passed ownership to the King.

In 1545, Henry VIII granted two homes with land in Whattingdon and Coulsdon, Welcombes and Lawrences, to Sir John Gresham, the manor having been owned by Chertsey Abbey in the 8th century, when it was recorded as Whatindone.[20]

The Coulsdon Manor was granted or sold in 1553 to various families, including Sir Nicholas Carew (1553), Sir Francis Carew (1557),[20] Jerome Weston, 2nd Earl of Portland, Sir Richard Mason, Sir Edward Darcy, Sir Robert Darcy and Sir Edward Bouverie (see Earl of Radnor).[21]

From 1782 to 1921, it was owned by three generations of the Byron family, who had already purchased the sub-manor of Hooley.[20][22][23]

In 1801, the Byron family moved to live at Hooley House. Then, having sold a large amount of land in 1838 to the 'London to Brighton railway company', they moved from Hooley House to Portnall's Farm.

In 1850, Hartley Farm was demolished and Coulsdon Court was built by Thomas Byron. It was said to have been constructed of the last bricks to be made locally at Crossways (at Coulsdon Road, Old Coulsdon).[24] In 1854, to avoid the court, he adjusted the paths of some local roads, and created a gated drive from the public road.

In 1863, Edmund Byron inherited the title. After his use of the inclosure acts was curtailed when he lost a case in 1877 at the Court of Chancery,[25][26][27] large areas were sold in 1883 to the Corporation of London.[28][29][30][31] The importance of this event was reported in The Times.[32] He also sold and gave away various plots.[33]

In 1921, Edmund Byron died. The remaining lands owned by the Byrons were sold. Land and manorial rights were passed to the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District Council.[34]

For many centuries, the lands contained several farms and manors and only on the coming of the railway were a few wealthy people from outside the traditional borders attracted to build grand houses, by 19th century descriptions, such as:

This parish, which is situated on the road from London to Brighton, occupies an elevated position, and commands extensive and varied prospects.

— S. Lewis, A Topographical Dictionary of England, 1848[35]

Until 1921, the Byron family had largely maintained this tradition, despite sales of earlier land. The sales in the 1860s increased the number of landowners. Most housing in Smitham (Bottom/Valley) and the clustered settlement of Old Coulsdon, as well as the narrower valley between them, was built in the 80 years from 1890 to 1970. The area developed mixed suburban, and in its centre urban, housing:

The whole aspect of the parish has been completely transformed during the last twenty years by building. It was a little while ago entirely rural with a few new houses scattered along the line of the railway and up the valley towards Caterham, whence another deep depression in the chalk runs down to Smitham Bottom. Now there are continuous rows of villas and cottages and shops from Croydon to south of Coulsdon station.

— Victoria County History, vol. 4, 1912[20]

The valley and routes in Smitham Bottom encouraged some early settlements. An inn, the Red Lion, appears on the Bainbridge map of 1783. The coming of the railway and improved road links encouraged buildings along the sides of the major roadways and close to the stations. Since 1921, the sales of the old estate lands have replaced a countryside of discrete farms with thousands of suburban dwellings.

Coulsdon segregated its long-haul from its local traffic with the construction of the Farthing Way A23 bypass, which opened in December 2006[36] as part of the Coulsdon Town Centre Improvement Scheme.

Quarrying

[edit]

The Hall family had been active in the Croydon area as coal and lime merchants since the 18th. In 1853 they leased an area of land in Coulsdon. In 1864 they closed their quarries at Merstham and increased their quarrying for chalk and flints and use of lime kilns in Coulsdon.[37][38]

This quarry at Coulsdon (Marlpit Lane) was named the 'Stoats Nest Quarry'. The works had its own internal railway system which connected to nearby main lines.

In 1898, the Hall family were refused permission (by their landlord) to build cement works on the Coulsdon site.[39]

The lime principally supplied for waterworks, gas works and tanneries. Demand reduced in 1902 when the Army changed from leather to webbing equipment. And in 1905 there was no longer demand from the gasworks.

Between 1905 and 1910 chalk was supplied for the Halls' cement works at Beddington.[40] In 1905, 13,000 tons of chalk were sent by rail from Coulsdon.[39] By 1918, it was processing lime for use as fertilizer.[41]

In 1920, the Hall company purchased 102 acres from their landlord, Byron. This offered their full benefit of the railways and kilns on the land.[42]

Halls maintained a trading depot in the Marlpit Lane quarry from 1923. It was named the "Ullswater trading estate". The limeworks closed in 1961, and a park now lies in its place.[37]

Toponymy

[edit]

The town's spelling, pronunciation and location have changed. Coulsdon originally referred to the area now known as Old Coulsdon.

The name derives from Cuðrædsdun via Cullesdone pre-1130, Culesdone pre-1190, Cullisdon 1242, Culesdene 1255, Colendone c1270, Kulisdon 1279, Collesdon 1288, Cullesdon 1323, Colleston 1324, Coulesdon 1346, Cullysdon 1377, Colynsdon 1428, Colysdon 1439, Collysdon 1563, Cowlesdon 1557, Coulsdon 1597, Cowisden 1604, Couldisdon 1610, Couldesdon 1675, Culsdon 1678, Colsdon 1724.[43][44]

Additional variations include Curedesdone 675, Cudredesdone 675, Cudredesdune 967, Coulsdon 1083, Colesdone 1085, Culesdon 1234, Culisdon 1242, Cudredestreow 1251, Cullesdon 1266, Colesdene 1287, Colesdon 1290, Colesdun 1290, Culesdon 1291, Culesden 1292, Colieston 1324, Coulesden 1326, Coueleston 1332, Colisdon 1344, Culeston 1346, Cullysdon 1377, Cullisdoun 1403, Cullesdoun 1422, Culledon 1424, Colynsdon 1428, Collesdon 1439, Culsdon 1446, Cowlesdon 1539, Collesden 1544, Cowlesdowne 1553, Cullesdoy 1556, Colsdon 1558, Cowlesden 1558, Cullesden 1558, Cowllysdon 1567, Cowisden 1618, Coulsden 1619, Cowsdon 1620, Coolsden 1650, Coulesden 1650, Coilsoun 1655, Coulden 1655.[45][46]

The widely accepted origin of the name is ‘hill of a man called Cūthrǣd’, (from OE pers. name + dūn, a hill).[9] Alternatively the name originates from the Celtic or primitive Welsh "cull", meaning a leather bag, scrotum, bosom, womb or belly.[47][48][49]

The current town centre appears as Leydown Cross (1738)[50] or Leaden Cross (1800)[51][52] and Smitham Bottom.[53] In 1905, the parish council, and then the Post Office renamed "Smitham bottom" as "Coulsdon".[54][55] The name "Smitham Bottom" has also changed. Smetheden (1331), Smithdenbottom (1536), Smythedean(e)(1548), Smythden Bottom (1588), Smitham Bottom (1719)[53][56]

Local government

[edit]

Coulsdon was an ancient parish in the county of Surrey that included the settlements of Purley and Kenley. In 1894 it became part of Croydon Rural District. The population of the parish had almost doubled between 1901 and 1911.[57] In 1915 the rural district was split up and Coulsdon was merged with Sanderstead to form the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District. In 1965 Coulsdon and Purley became part of the London Borough of Croydon in Greater London.

Localities

[edit]

Coulsdon is a largely suburban district of London. The central area has substantial industrial, automotive and distribution services, convenience, standard socialising and niche retail as well as local professions of a typical town in the country, by its main road and main railway stations: Coulsdon South and Coulsdon Town. The alternate centre, Old Coulsdon, has a recreation ground/cricket pitch-focused village green, a much smaller parade of shops than Coulsdon's high street between Coulsdon South and Town stations and a medieval church. London's 'Brighton Road', locally the official name, and the railways, served by both semi-fast and stopping services, give Smitham Bottom/Valley a bustling, busier setting for economic life.

Old Coulsdon

[edit]

Old Coulsdon occupies the south-east of the district.[58] Scattered, rather than clustered, are six buildings listed for their national heritage and architectural value, at Grade II. Two categories above this, in the highest class, Grade I, is the Church of St John the Evangelist. This is by the recreation ground, shortly after Marlpit Lane has been joined by Coulsdon Road, from the north. St John's is late thirteenth century with extensive later additions, made of flint and rubble with much brick patching. Its nave spans two (window) bays. Older still is its "good" chancel of 1250 with stepped sedilia and piscina. The west tower above the entrance is of circa 1400 with corner buttresses and a tapering broach spire. A nave at right angles, replacing the south aisle, in decorated style, was designed for its 1958 construction by J. B. S. Comper.[59]

Smitham Bottom or Valley

[edit]

At the heart of the geographical feature Smitham Bottom (where three dry valleys merge into one)[20] is this downtown part of the district. Most commerce and industry is here, set beside the Brighton Road, which is since 2006 a town centre arc of the A23 road and on Chipstead Valley Road which terminates halfway along the arc, leading directly to Woodmansterne. The various local feeder roads reach this street, including the combined one from the south-east, Marlpit Lane, under the A23 without needing a junction with that trunk (long-distance) route (which later becomes the M23).

The soil is dry, and water was obtained even in 1912 by deep wells here in the chalk. This dry valley in the chalk, Smitham Bottom, has a watercourse below, the water of which in until the 16th century occasionally in times of flood ran here but after this, inexplicably, waits to break out as far as at the foot of the chalk in Croydon and Beddington, running through it.[20]

The Marlpit business and industrial estate

[edit]

Marlpit (a former chalk quarry) is the town's Marlpit Industrial / Business Park estate, which is strong in storage, distribution and technology.

The Mount or Clockhouse

[edit]

The Mount or Clockhouse is a square neighbourhood on a hill plateau with marked borders along three residential roads from Coulsdon, one of which continues from the town centre as the London Loop path, via the Banstead Downs and East Ewell to Nonsuch Palace 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west. It shares its local authority with that place as it is part of the London Borough of Sutton.[60]

Coulsdon Woods

[edit]

This neighbourhood is a loosely defined residential part of Coulsdon, equally on undulating ground.

Cane Hill

[edit]

This area forms the area of the former buildings and grounds of Cane Hill Hospital; there had been proposals to expand this again in the late 1990s, but these were delayed and then cancelled.

An approved development of the former site of Cane Hill Hospital by Barratt Developments and David Wilson Homes, an associated organisation, gained planning permission, and started in about 2015, with intent to create over six hundred new dwellings. In 2013, Barratt published a Public Consultation document[61] and report of feedback.[62] Some residents protested concerns relating to the likely effect on local infrastructure, including access routes, the proposed mix of housing, transport, notably road traffic, and the provision of educational services.[63][64][65]

In 2016 planning application approvals were finalised and the development of 677 homes on the 210-acre site was later completed in November, 2021.[66][67]

Open spaces

[edit]

In 1883, to prevent further loss of Common lands arising from the Inclosure Acts, the Corporation of London (under provisions of the Corporation of London (Open Spaces) Act, 1878), purchased from Squire Byron (Lord of the Manor of Coulsdon) Farthing Downs, Coulsdon Common and Kenley Common, to add to the earlier purchase of Riddlesdown Common.[29][30] The London Borough of Croydon own and maintain several parks, including Happy Valley, which, together with Farthing Downs, is designated is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.[68]

Rickman Hill Park is the highest public park in London, at 155 metres above sea level.

A memorial park and recreation ground was purchased from the Byrons by Coulsdon and Purley Urban District Council and Hall & Co Ltd in 1920, it was opened in 1921.

The London Loop footpath passes through Happy Valley and Farthing Downs between Hamsey Green and Banstead. The Coulsdon section was the first of the 24 to be opened.

Grange Park was obtained partly by Public Subscription but mostly by Coulsdon and Purley Urban District Council in 1929 from the owners of the Coulsdon Court Golf Course. The land was sold for use as an open space or pleasure and recreation ground. Grange Park was formerly part of Squire Byrons Coulsdon Court Estate. Grange Park is situated in a designated conservation area in the heart of Old Coulsdon and incorporates a children's play area and recreational green space. In total, Grange Park represents local green space of around 8 acres.

Places of religious interest

[edit]
Methodist Church, Coulsdon

Places of worship include:

Leisure

[edit]

Athletics: The Old Coulsdon Hash House Harriers (or "OCH3") is a local hashing group.[76]

Gordon Pirie (1931–1991), an English long-distance runner lived in Coulsdon and was a member of South London Harriers, one of the oldest and most successful athletics club in Britain. The club has been based in Coulsdon since 1913, and remains there to this day. The club competes in cross-country, road running and track and field events, and trains from its Coulsdon HQ three times a week. The club has been heavily involved in recent years in building an eight lane all weather running track at Woodcote School. It also has an active and successful triathlon section.[77]

Bare-knuckle boxing fights were held at Smitham Bottom. Records exist of fights in 1788[78][79][80][81][82] and 1792.[83][84]

Bowls has been played at the Marlpit Lane Recreation Ground since the 1920s. A separate team played at the Ashdown Park Hotel.[85]

Chess has been played from 1949.[86][87]

Old Coulsdon had one of the first cricket clubs in the world, founded in 1762. It was one of the strongest teams in the country in the late 18th and early 19th century and once boasted eight England internationals, as well as a young Stuart Surridge. The club was possibly the first to use three stumps and two bails and frequently played matches on the most famous early cricket grounds such as Mitcham, and later in Grange Park in the village. In 1995 falling player numbers forced the club to merge with the nearby Redhill Cricket Club, playing at the Ring on Earlswood Common in the Earlswood neighbourhood of Redhill as Redhill & Old Coulsdon Cricket Club. Cricket was originally played at 'Smitham Bottom' opposite the Red Lion. The first archived results come from a games was played in 1731 (Surrey vs East Grinstead). A 'Cricket Shed' appears in Smitham Bottom as a fixed building in a map of 1785.[88] In the 1880s, this area became was built over, and the club moved to Old Coulsdon. From the 1920s, cricket was played at The Memorial Gardens.

A cycling group meets at the Temperance Hotel.[89]

Coulsdon United Football Club participated in the Combined Counties League.

Golf is played at Woodcote Park Golf Club (since 1920)[90] and at Coulsdon Manor.[91][92] Green bowls is available next door.[93] Ashdown Park Golf Club (now defunct) was founded in 1912. The club did not appear following WW1.[94]

Horse riding is available on the downs. Coulsdon has wide and long pavements and indoor cafés from which to watch any of the London-Brighton rallies (vintage cars, minis, Land Rovers, vintage commercial vehicles, motorbikes, cycling etc.).[95]

Hunting meetings of the Old Surrey Foxhounds were held at the Red Lion from 1735 until 1908. In 1915, the hunt merged with Old Surrey Burstow and West Kent Hunt.

Rugby Union: Purley John Fisher Rugby Football Club[96] at Parsons Pightle, Old Coulsdon. Chipstead Rugby CLub[97] play locally at The Meads, Chipstead, offering mini, youth, adult social and adult league rugby.

The Coulsdon Martial Arts Club] (also known as Yoshin Ryu) is long established[when?]. Yoshin Ryu was originally started in the late seventies as a collection of clubs based in youth centres and sports halls around the Croydon area run by founder and senior coach Errol Field, 7th dan Judo, 5th dan Karate (Shotokan), 6th dan jujitsu. Coulsdon Martial Arts is on the site of what was originally a 'tin' church built by the Roman Catholic Church in 1916.[98] The church building located on this site was purchased in the mid-1990s and converted into a full-time dojo and club HQ. The club president is Mr Brian Jacks – 10th Dan Judo, Olympic Judo medallist, holder of several European and World Judo titles. His bronze medal from the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich was donated to the club and can be seen on display in the foyer.[citation needed]

Theatre Workshop Coulsdon branched out of the Croydon Youth Theatre Organisation in 1970. It is based at the Coulsdon Community Centre on Chipstead Valley Road.[99]

The Memorial Gardens has an adventure park, crazy golf, basketball, tennis, cricket and, in the summer, 'beach games' and events organised by the café.

Grange Park in Old Coulsdon has a playground, and football pitches.[100] Rickman Hill Park hosts football, and has a children's playground, a zip wire, and tennis courts that were refurbished in 2009.[citation needed]

Demography

[edit]

The United Kingdom Census 2011 recorded that the two wards: Coulsdon East (ward) and Coulsdon West (ward), divided by the A23 road contained respectively: 12,244 people living in 4,912 homes and 13,449 living in 4,793 homes. The percentage of the population who declared their health as very good was 47% and 51% respectively. White British was the majority ethnic group in both wards: 80% and 70% of the population respectively.[1][2]

Education

[edit]

Nearest places

[edit]

Railway

[edit]

1804. The Surrey Iron Railway was enhanced by the "Coulsdon Merstham & Godstone Railway". These were horsedrawn railways which carried quarried materials and crops from Coulsdon and Merstham, and returned with fuel, metals and other materials.[106][107] To maintain a regular elevation at Coulsdon required large changes in direction and the construction of 20 ft embankments and a road bridge. Remnants of the 1805 railway embankment are still evident.[108][109] The railway closed in 1838 due to underuse.[110] A bridge over the Chipstead Valley road was demolished as dangerous in 1854.[111]

1841. The London & Brighton Railway line opened.[112]

1856. The Caterham railway opened. Initially intended to serve residents of Old Coulsdon, a station named 'Coulsdon' opened; later to be renamed 'Kenley'.

1893. Authorisation was given for a new (second) line to be built between Purley and Kingwood. This was the Chipstead Valley Railway which was later extended to become the Tattenham Corner line. Constructed by the South Eastern Railway in 1896, it opened in 1897 as a single-track line.

1900. The main line between Croydon and Coulsdon was widened. A new (third) line was opened added named the Quarry Line between Coulsdon North and Earlswood (bypassing Redhill). Constructed 1898–9. The line involved engineering work including cuttings, embankments and a covered way at Cane Hill Hospital.[113]

1923. Various station names changes, following amalgamations between various Railway companies.

Railway stations' names:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Coulsdon East Ward (E05000150)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  2. ^ a b UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Coulsdon West Ward (E05000151)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  3. ^ "Surrey County Council" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2014.
  4. ^ "London's Natural Signatures" (PDF). Natural England - Access to Evidence. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 March 2011.
  5. ^ Juby, Caroline (September 2011). London before London: Reconstructing a Palaeolithic Landscape (PDF) (PhD). Royal Holloway, University of London. Department of Geography. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 July 2022.
  6. ^ "English Heritage". english-heritage.org.uk. Archived from the original on 5 September 2009.
  7. ^ Volume 9 of the Bourne Society's Local History Records (1970)
  8. ^ John Wickham Flower. "Excavations in the Saxon Cemetery on Farthing Down, Coulsdon". canmore.rcahms.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.
  9. ^ a b http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/surreyac/ Surrey Archeological Society. Volume 6. Article "Notices of an Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Farthing Down, Coulsdon, Surrey "
  10. ^ Hope-Taylor, Brian (1949). "Celtic Agriculture in Surrey" (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 50. doi:10.5284/1000221.
  11. ^ "Farthing Downs". The Megalithic Portal. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020.
  12. ^ http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/surreyac/ Surrey Archeological Society. Volume 64. Article "hoard of late bronze age things at crooksbury hill, coulsdon."
  13. ^ http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/surreyac/ Surrey Archeological Society. Volume 38 . Article "shunaway plantation" 1928. bronze found.
  14. ^ Croydon Council planning document Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ "London Borough of Croydon : Bradmore Green - Bradmore Green history". Archived from the original on 27 June 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  16. ^ Wheeler, Lucy (1905). Chertsey Abbey : an existence of the past. London: Wells Gardner, Dalton. ISBN 978-0341944041.
  17. ^ Parker, Eric (1908). Highways and Byways in Surrey. Macmillan.
  18. ^ Surrey Domesday Book Archived 15 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ "Place: Coulsdon". Open Domesday. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  20. ^ a b c d e f H.E. Malden (ed.). "Parishes: Coulsdon". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  21. ^ "Parishes: Coulsdon Pages 199-205 A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 4". British History Online. Victoria County History, 1912. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  22. ^ "Parishes: Coulsdon". british-history.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 14 September 2022.
  23. ^ Hugh McCullough. "Coulsdon Lords of the Manor". oldcoulsdon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  24. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. ^ "Bulletin of the Croydon Natural History & Scientific Society" (PDF). www.cnhss.org.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014.
  26. ^ Lefevre, George (1910). Commons, Forests and Footpaths. The Story of the Battle during the last Forty-five Years for Public Rights over the Commons, Forests and Footpaths of England and Wales. London: Cassell & Co Ltd.
  27. ^ "Down with the Fences". alphabetthreat.co.uk. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  28. ^ The Times (london, England), Monday, 21 May 1883; pg. 12; Issue 30825.
  29. ^ a b "Riddledown History". Archived from the original on 2 March 2011.
  30. ^ a b The Corporation of London: Its origin, constitution, powers, and duties. City of London (England). Corporation Oxford University Press, 1950.
  31. ^ http://hadra.org.uk/Conservation%20Report.pdf Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine Conservation report
  32. ^ Report on the Dedication Of Coulsdon Commons. The Times (london, England), Monday, 21 May 1883; pg. 12
  33. ^ "Plaque 24 - Smitham Bottom Infants School, Smitham". bournesociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  34. ^ Croydon Council. Local List of Historic Parks and Gardens December 2008 "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  35. ^ Lewis, S. (1848). A Topographical Dictionary of England. London: Samuel Lewis, p.145.
  36. ^ "Transport for London". Archived from the original on 17 August 2012.
  37. ^ a b Surrey Gazette, 19 April 1864
  38. ^ "Auction, Lot number 15. Quarry 2006. Subterra Britannia Bibliographical Service". Archived from the original on 4 February 2009.
  39. ^ a b A century and a Quarter by C G Dobson. Published for private circulation by Hall and Co Ltd. 1951
  40. ^ Effects of Mergers By Ruth Cohen, P. Lesley Cook. Page 127. References 'A Century and a Quarter' by C F Dobson, Hall and Co Ltd. 1951
  41. ^ The Times, London, England, Monday, 1 July 1918; pg. 12
  42. ^ The Times (london, England), Thursday, 1 July 1920; pg. 23
  43. ^ The Bourne Society. Booklet "Bourne Society Records Volume 1".
  44. ^ "Appendix 4 to L B Croydon's Improving Coulsdon Centre" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2011.
  45. ^ 1905 book. by S.J Madge - Index to the Source Book of Materials for Local History.
  46. ^ "The naming of Old Coulsdon". oldcoulsdon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  47. ^ University of Nottingham - Institute of Name Studies School of English. "Key to English Place-names". nottingham.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  48. ^ "Coulsdon Area History - PLACE NAME ORIGINS". spanglefish.com. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020.
  49. ^ Worcestershire Place Names by W H Duignan. Oxford university press. 1905. Page 45, reference to Coulsdon.
  50. ^ "Bourne Society Maps, Plans and Sites of Interest". bournesociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 4 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  51. ^ "Map of 1800". museumofcroydon.com. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  52. ^ "Map Of The County Of Surrey From Trigonometrical Survey With The Roads, Parks & Railways 1874". Archived from the original on 22 June 2017.
  53. ^ a b "Smitham - Hidden London". hidden-london.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2021.
  54. ^ "Pikle - London Cross - 8 - Upper Woodcote Village". pikle.co.uk. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022.
  55. ^ "A short history of St Aidan's Parish". st-aidans-parish.org.uk. Archived from the original on 27 August 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  56. ^ "The Historical Gazetteer of England's Place-names". placenames.org.uk. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
  57. ^ Great Britain Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Coulsdon AP/CP population. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  58. ^ Grid square map[permanent dead link‍] Ordnance survey website
  59. ^ Historic England. "Church of St John the Evangelist (Grade I) (1188464)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  60. ^ Grid square map[permanent dead link‍] Ordnance survey website
  61. ^ http://www.canehillpark.co.uk/userfiles/canehill_boards/[permanent dead link‍]
  62. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.canehillpark.co.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  63. ^ "Fears Chipstead will be 'garrotted' by traffic from 650-home Cane Hill development in Coulsdon". Surrey Mirror. Archived from the original on 29 April 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  64. ^ "Protestors warn Cane Hill development in Coulsdon will cause traffic chaos - Croydon Advertiser". Croydon Advertiser. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013.
  65. ^ Baynes, Chris (11 July 2013). "Coulsdon mini-town 'could leave kids without a local school'". Your Local Guardian.
  66. ^ "Cane Hill". Housing Design Awards. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  67. ^ Inside Croydon (1 October 2021). "Barratts celebrate latest award for Cane Hill development". Inside Croydon. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  68. ^ Natural England, Farthing Downs and Happy Valley citation Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  69. ^ "St Aidan's Catholic Parish, Coulsdon". st-aidans-parish.org.uk. Archived from the original on 8 March 2022.
  70. ^ a b Village Histories - Coulsdon. The Bourne Society ISBN 0-900992-50-6
  71. ^ "ページが見つかりませんでした - 錦糸町のデリヘルこぼれ話". ubmjc.org. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007.
  72. ^ "Old Coulsdon St John's Church". oldcoulsdon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 18 February 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
  73. ^ "Southwark Parish Directory". rcsouthwark.co.uk. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021.
  74. ^ Hugh McCullough. "Old Coulsdon Congregational Church". oldcoulsdon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  75. ^ "Congregational Federation". Archived from the original on 2 September 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
  76. ^ "Old Coulsdon Hash House Harriers". och3.org.uk. Archived from the original on 5 April 2022.
  77. ^ "South London Harriers". southlondonharriers.org. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022.
  78. ^ "Kronos". ejmas.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021.
  79. ^ Letters My Grandfather Wrote Me: Family Origins By Bryan Crawford 2011. ISBN 1456788531
  80. ^ Jackson
  81. ^ "British Museum - Image gallery: A representation of the famous battle at Smith in the Botton, near Croydon ... between John Jackson, & Thomas Futrell". British Museum. Archived from the original on 27 July 2014.
  82. ^ Sporting Magazine - Volume 12 - Page 78
  83. ^ "British Museum - Image gallery: Dan beating the Phillistines". British Museum. Archived from the original on 27 July 2014.
  84. ^ "The Jewish Quarterly". jewishquarterly.org. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  85. ^ "History - Old Coulsdon Bowling Club". oldcoulsdonbowlingclub.co.uk. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  86. ^ Ron Mattocks (1997). "COULSDON & PURLEY CHESS CLUB - HISTORY 1949-1997". www.ccfworld.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020.
  87. ^ "CCF Chess Home Page". ccfworld.com. Archived from the original on 28 March 2022.
  88. ^ "Map 1785". Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  89. ^ Rabbetts, Mike. "A Centurly A Wheel 1889-1989" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 June 2021.
  90. ^ "Woodcote Village". woodcotepgc.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2022.
  91. ^ "Coulsdon Court Golf Club". www.ccgc.co.uk. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  92. ^ British Pathé. "The Lord Mayor Of London". britishpathe.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020.
  93. ^ "Online communities". croydononline.org. 22 January 2016. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  94. ^ "Ashdown Park Golf Club". golfsmissinglinks.co.uk. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021.
  95. ^ "London to Brighton - Mini Run 2015". london-to-brighton.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013.
  96. ^ "Purley John Fisher Rugby". pjfrfc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022.
  97. ^ "Chipstead Rugby". chipstead.co.uk. Archived from the original on 10 September 2010. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
  98. ^ M. "Edith's Streets". edithsstreets.blogspot.com. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022.
  99. ^ "Theatre Workshop Coulsdon". Archived from the original on 27 February 2014.
  100. ^ "Welcome". Friends of Grange Park, Old Coulsdon. Archived from the original on 6 April 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  101. ^ "Home". Archived from the original on 4 June 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
  102. ^ "Keston Primary School – Croydon". Archived from the original on 18 March 2022.
  103. ^ "Oasis Academy Byron". Archived from the original on 24 May 2022.
  104. ^ "Oasis Coulsdon". oasisacademycoulsdon.org. Archived from the original on 6 August 2022.
  105. ^ "Woodcote Primary School - Home". Archived from the original on 31 March 2022.
  106. ^ "1 - CHAPTER 5 BUILDING THE CROYDON, MERSTHAM AND GODSTONE IRON RAILWAY". www.wandle.org. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022.
  107. ^ "Image showing the route through Coulsdon". wandle.org. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020.
  108. ^ Surrey Archeological Society. Volume 95. Article "The rise and fall of the Surrey Iron Railway, 1802-46." [1]
  109. ^ A painting by G.B.Wollaston (dated 1823) of the bridge crossing the Chipstead Valley Road [2] Archived 17 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  110. ^ "CHAPTER 7 THE EARLY AND MIDDLE YEARS OF THE SURREY IRON RAILWAY". wandle.org. Archived from the original on 14 March 2022.
  111. ^ a b c M (29 August 2010). "Edith's Streets". edithsstreets.blogspot.co.uk. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022.
  112. ^ "Download Lagu Mp3, Gudang Download Lagu MP3 Terbaru Gratis 2022". downloadlagu. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
  113. ^ "Purley Residents". purley-residents.org. Retrieved 6 April 2018.[permanent dead link‍]
  114. ^ a b "CR5 Issue 97 June 2013". yudu.com.
  115. ^ Good Stuff IT Services. "Stoats Nest Road". ABC Railway Guide. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  116. ^ "Plaque 27 - Smitham Station". bournesociety.org.uk. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  117. ^ "So Long, Smitham!". southernelectric.org.uk. Archived from the original on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  118. ^ M (29 August 2009). "Edith's Streets". edithsstreets.blogspot.co.uk. Archived from the original on 30 March 2022.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coulsdon.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coulsdon&oldid=1255901162"