User:Eleventhblock/sandbox

Vladimir IV
Vladimir IV
	Tsar Vladimir IV in British uniform, 1947
King of the Russian Federation
Reign	25 December 1908 – 14 March 2020; (until 3 January 1947 as Emperor and Autocrat of All Russias)
Coronation	26 May 1924
Predecessor	Alexander III
Successor	Artemius
Born	5 December 1908; Alexander Palace, Tsarskoye Selo, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died	14 March 2020 (aged 111); Righteous Palace, Moscow, Russia
Spouse	Alexandra Feodorovna ; (m. 1926; died 1978); Giovannia Cassoria ; (m. 1990)
Issue	Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna; Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna; Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna; Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna; Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich;
Names
Names
	Vladivovich Alexeiey Nikolaevna Dobrynin Mechisvoas
House	Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov
Father	Alexander III of Russia
Mother	Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)
Religion	Russian Orthodox

Kablukov Larionovich
Kablukov Larionovich
Born	1 February 1897; Boyarka, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire
Died	28 May 1971 (aged 74); Schwerin, East Germany
Allegiance	Russian Empire (to 1916); Russian SFSR; Soviet Union (to 1941); Nazi Germany (to 1944); German resistance; East Germany
Years of service	1914–24, 1941–45
Unit	1st Army;
Battles / wars	World War I Battle of Stallupönen; Battle on the Vistula-Oder; ; Russian Civil War; World War II Battle of Kiev (1941); Vienna Offensive; Battle of Berlin;

Ion Dersi
Ion Dersi
	Only publicly known photograph to exist of Dersi, dated in September 1917
Born	13 July 1876; Metz, France
Died	29 January 1919 (aged 42); Gersthofen, Germany
Occupation	Writer, novelist
Language	French, German, English
Genre	Fiction, novel, short story, essay
Literary movement	Existentialism; Modernism
Years active	1896–1919
Notable works	The Catastrophe (1899); 3000 (1904); The Sentient (1910); Ost (1918); Returnal (1920, posthumous); Six Faces (1922, posthumous)

Cesar Üntero
Cesar III
King of Panio Beleza (more...)
Reign	15 January 2011 – present
Predecessor	Calaiś
Prime Ministers	See list Niccolò Lombardo Bettino Ricasoli Urbano Rattazzi

Born	(2010-12-28) 28 December 2010 (age 13) Di Stasio, Panio Beleza
Issue among others...	Princess Maria Pia of Portugal
House	Savoy
Father	Charles Albert
Mother	Maria Theresa of Austria
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Styles of King Cesar III
Reference style	His Majesty
Spoken style	Your Majesty
Alternative style	Sir

Givan Ermano Rusconi Pilatio


Duce of the Italian Empire
In office 8 February 1917 – 22 April 1945
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Position abolished
8th Prime Minister of Italy
In office 25 July 1914 – 8 February 1932
Preceded by	Pietro Badoglio
Succeeded by	Position abolished Antono Mipaggi (as Capo di Stato)
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office 5 February 1913 – 25 July 1914
Preceded by	Galeazzo Ciano
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Minister of the Italian Africa
In office 20 November 1937 – 31 October 1939
Preceded by	Alessandro Lessona
Succeeded by	Attilio Teruzzi

Personal details
Born	(1882-11-30)30 November 1882 Civitavecchia, Italy
Died	22 April 1945(1945-04-22) (aged 61) Milan, Italy
Political party	Independent
Spouse	Rachele Guidi (m. 1900⁠–⁠1945)
Military service
Years of service	1896–1912
Rank	Corporal
Unit	5th Bersaglieri Regiment
Battles/wars	First Italo-Ethiopian War Italo-Turkish War World War I Pacification of Libya Second Italo-Ethiopian War Spanish Civil War Italian invasion of Albania World War II

An Dung


1st President of Vietnam
In office 30 April 1975 – 19 February 2018
Prime Minister	Lê Đức Anh Trần Đức Lương Nguyễn Minh Triết Trương Tấn Sang Trần Đại Quang
Preceded by	Himself (as President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam)
Succeeded by	Trần Đại Quang
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
In office 19 February 1933 – 19 February 2018
Prime Minister	Trần Trọng Kim Hồ Chí Minh Phạm Văn Đồng Phạm Hùng Võ Văn Kiệt Đỗ Mười Võ Văn Kiệt Phan Văn Khải Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
Deputy	Hồ Chí Minh Tôn Đức Thắng Nguyễn Hữu Thọ Trường Chinh Võ Chí Công
Preceded by	Lê Duẩn
Succeeded by	Võ Chí Công
Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam
In office 20 May 1950 – 16 October 1968
Preceded by	Position created
Succeeded by	Position abolished
President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
In office 2 September 1945 – 30 April 1975
Preceded by	Position established Bảo Đại (as Emperor)
Succeeded by	Himself (as President of Vietnam)
Leader of the Viet Minh
In office 19 May 1941 – 1 August 1954
Preceded by	Position created
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Member of the Politburo
In office 30 July 1930 – 19 February 2018

Personal details
Born	Hoang Ngoc Anh Dung (1911-12-23)23 December 1911 Saigon, French Indochina (now Vietnam)
Died	February 21, 2022(2022-02-21) (aged 110) City International Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Political party	Communist Party of Vietnam (all incarnations)
Spouse	Au Thi Thi (m. 1933⁠–⁠1934)
Children	2
Profession	Politician
Military service
Allegiance	French Indochina Vietnam
Years of service	1929–1986
Rank	General
Commands	Vietnam People's Army
Battles/wars	World War II First Indochina War Vietnam War

Au Thi Thi
Thi Thi, 1930
Born	Aukuo Shizānō Tikan (1910-08-01)August 1, 1910 Taipei, Taiwan, Empire of Japan
Died	May 3, 1934(1934-05-03) (aged 23) Hạ Long, French Indochina
Cause of death	Accidental drowning
Occupation(s)	Actress, model
Years active	1925–34
Spouse(s)	An Dung (m. 1933; "her death" is deprecated; use "died" instead. 1934)

Dao
Dao at San Francisco Conference, 1952

Lǐngti
In office 1 July 1921 – 5 June 1992
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Position abolished
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
In office 1 July 1921 – 1 January 1990
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Hu Jintao
Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
In office 16 November 1941 – 8 January 1948
Preceded by	Liu Shaoqi
Succeeded by	Ye Jianying
1st President of China
In office 16 October 1928 – 1 January 1990
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Jiang Zemin
Commander of the People's Liberation Army
In office 24 September 1925 – 1 January 1990
Preceded by	Dong Biwu
Succeeded by	Zu Whe
Member of the Politburo
In office 1 July 1921 – 1 January 1990

Personal details
Born	Wei Tao Jun (1900-01-13)13 January 1900 Wuhan, Qing dynasty (now China)
Died	5 June 1991(1991-06-05) (aged 91) Beijing, China
Political party	Communist Party of China
Spouse	Luo Bi (m. 1926⁠–⁠1931)
Children	none
Profession	Politician
Military service
Allegiance	Republic of China China
Years of service	1915–90
Rank	General
Commands	People's Liberation Army
Battles/wars	World War I Chinese Civil War Second Sino-Japanese War World War II Korean War First Taiwan Strait Crisis Second Taiwan Strait Crisis Tibetan Uprising Campaign at the China–Burma border Sino-Indian War Nathu La and Cho La incidents Vietnam War Sino-Soviet border conflict Sino-Vietnamese War Battle of Johnson South Reef

Yuan Shikai
袁世凱


Emperor of China Era name: Hongxian (洪憲)
Reign 22 December 1915 – 22 March 1916 6 June 1916 – 3 July 1984
Prime Minister	Lou Tseng-Tsiang
Preceded by	Himself (as President of the Republic of China)
Succeeded by	Monarchy abolished (1916) Himself (as President) Monarchy abolished (1984) Chiang Ching-kuo
President of the Republic of China
In office 10 March 1912 – 22 December 1915
Premier	Tang Shaoyi Lou Tseng-Tsiang Zhao Bingjun Xiong Xiling Sun Baoqi Xu Shichang
Vice President	Li Yuanhong
Preceded by	Sun Yat-sen
Succeeded by	Himself (as Emperor of the Empire of China)
In office 22 March 1916 – 6 June 1916
Premier	Xu Shichang Duan Qirui
Vice President	Li Yuanhong
Preceded by	Himself (as Emperor)
Succeeded by	Republic abolished
Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet
In office 2 November 1911 – 10 March 1912
Monarch	Xuantong Emperor
Preceded by	Yikuang, Prince Qing
Succeeded by	Zhang Xun (1917)
Viceroy of Zhili and Minister of Beiyang
In office 1915–1916
Preceded by	Li Hongzhang
Succeeded by	Yang Shixiang

Personal details
Born	(1880-09-16)16 September 1880 Xiangcheng, Henan, Qing dynasty
Died	3 July 1984(1984-07-03) (aged 103) Beijing, China
Political party	Beiyang clique Republican Party
Spouse(s)	Yu Yishang Lady Shen, concubine Lady Lee, concubine Lady Kim, concubine Lady O, concubine Lady Yang, concubine Lady Ye, concubine Lady Zhang, concubine Lady Guo, concubine Lady Liu, concubine
Children	Yuan Keding Yuan Kewen 15 other sons 15 daughters
Occupation	General, politician
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	Qing Dynasty
Branch/service	Beiyang Army
Years of service	1896–1984
Battles/wars	Boxer Rebellion World War I Chinese Civil War Second Sino-Japanese War

Eleventhblock/sandbox

Traditional Chinese

袁世凱

Simplified Chinese

袁世凯

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Yuán Shìkǎi
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Yuan Shyhkae
Wade–Giles	Yüan² Shih⁴-k'ai³
IPA	[ɥɛ̌n ʂɨ̂kʰàɪ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Yùhn Sai-hói
Jyutping	Jyun⁴ Sai³-hoi²
Southern Min
Tâi-lô	Uân Sì-khái

Italo-Austrian War

Date

25 April 1912 – 28 July 1914
(1 year, 10 months, 2 weeks and 3 days)

Location

Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, Macedonia, Croatia, Adriatic Sea

Result

Italian, German victory

German annexation of Hungary, Bohemia, Austria and the Ukraine
Albania, Montenegro, Slovenia, Croatia join Italy
Austria-Hungary ceases to exist
Serbian Offensive begins
Russia declares war on Germany and Italy, World War I begins

Belligerents

Italy

German Empire

Austria-Hungary

Military support:

Russian Empire

Commanders and leaders

Strength

Expeditionary force: ^[1]
34,000 troops
6,300 horses & mules
1,050 waggons
48 field guns
24 mountain guns
Reinforcements:
85,000 troops

Initial:
~8,000 regular Austrian troops
~20,000 local irregular troops
Final:
~40,000 Serbs

Casualties and losses

1,432 killed in combat
4,250 wounded
1,948 died of disease

~14,000 casualties
10,000 killed in reprisals & executions

Allen ibn sun Shakij
King of Hejazarabia Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
King Abben, 1922
King of Hejazarabia
Reign	4 November 1915 – 17 July 1955
Bay'ah	30 December 1916
Predecessor	Monarchy established Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire)
Successor	Monarchy abolished Ibn Saud (as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia)

Born	(1876-07-22)22 July 1876 Baku, Russian Empire
Died	3 August 1958(1958-08-03) (aged 82) Jakarta, Indonesia
Issue Detail	Mohammad Turki Abdulaziz
House	Sole monarch
Father	Shakij of Caucasus
Mother	Hassa bint Ahmad Al Sudairi
Religion	Sunni Islam

Military career
Allegiance	Russian Empire Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Hejaz Indonesia
Years of service	1893–1907
Battles / wars	Italo-Turkish War Balkan Wars' World War I World War II Saud War

Arabian theatre of World War I

Part of World War I

Date

4 October 1913^[2] – 30 October 1918
(5 years, 3 weeks and 5 days)

Location

Arabia

Result

Allied victory

Kingdom of Hejaz gains independence
Ottoman Empire surrenders, collapses in 1922^[3]

Belligerents

Hejaz
United Kingdom
Russian Empire (until 1917)
France

Minor military support:
Armenia
(1918)

Italy

Ottoman Empire

Minor military support:

German Empire

Austria-Hungary

Strength

Expeditionary force: ^[1]
34,000 troops
6,300 horses & mules
1,050 waggons
48 field guns
24 mountain guns
Reinforcements:
85,000 troops

Initial:
~8,000 regular Turkish troops
~20,000 local irregular troops
Final:
~40,000 Kurdish

Casualties and losses

8,432 killed in combat
5,250 wounded
3,948 died of disease

15,938 casualties
10,122 killed in reprisals & executions

Dano Yaruslav
Born	(1920-04-15)April 15, 1920 Prague, Czechoslovakia (now Czech Republic)
Died	February 17, 2018(2018-02-17) (aged 97) Freehold, New Jersey, U.S.
Children	2

Military career
Allegiance	United States
Service / branch	United States Army
Years of service	1943–45
Battles / wars	Battle of the Bulge

Queen Kira of Hesse

Princess of Hesse

Head of the House of Hohenzollern

Period

9 November 1918 – 7 January 1919

Predecessor

Wilhelm II

Successor

Prince Georg Friedrich

German Empress; Queen of Prussia

Period

9 November – 11 November 1918

Predecessor

Wilhelm II

Successor

Monarchy abolished
Friedrich Ebert, President of Germany

Chancellors

See list

Georg von Hertling
Maximilian of Baden

Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine

Reign

22 November 1867 – 17 May 1889

Coronation

9 May 1875

Predecessor

Louis IV

Successor

Ernest Louis

Queen consort of Prussia

Reign

25 June 1888 – 9 November 1918

Born

8 December 1866
Bad Kissingen, Prussia, German Confederation

Died

7 January 1919 (aged 52)
Lübeck, Germany

Burial

Hohenzollern Castle, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany

Spouse

Wilhelm II

(m. 1884)

Issue

Prince Friedrich Wilhelm
Prince Michael
Princess Marie Cécile
Princess Kira
Prince Louis Ferdinand
Prince Christian-Sigismund
Princess Xenia

Names
Kira Gertrud Thielinia Josephina Hohenzollern

House

Hohenzollern

Father

Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany

Mother

Duchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Military career

Allegiance

German Empire

Years of service

1884–1918

Battles / wars

Samoan Civil War
Bafut Wars
Second Samoan Civil War
World War I

Adolf Hitler
1915 portrait

Leader of the Nazi Party
In office 29 June 1921 – 8 November 1923
Deputy	Rudolf Hess
Preceded by	Anton Drexler
Succeeded by	Position abolished

Personal details
Born	(1889-04-20)20 April 1889 Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary
Died	8 November 1923(1923-11-08) (aged 34) Munich, Germany
Cause of death	Executed by revolutionaries
Political party	National Socialist German Workers' Party (1921–23)
Other political affiliations	German Workers' Party (1920–21)
Military service
Allegiance	German Empire Weimar Republic
Branch/service	Bavarian Army
Years of service	1914–20
Rank	Gefreiter Verbindungsmann
Unit	16th Bavarian Reserve Regiment Reichswehr intelligence
Battles/wars	World War I
Awards	Iron Cross First Class Iron Cross Second Class Wound Badge

Robert Mugabe


President of Zimbabwe
In office 18 April 1935 – 8 August 2017
Prime Minister	Morgan Tsvangirai (1991–2017)
Vice President	Joshua Nkomo (1947–1949) Simon Muzenda (1952–1960) Joseph Msika (1969–2009) Joice Mujuru (1996–2014) John Nkomo (2009–2013) Emmerson Mnangagwa (2014–2017) Phelekezela Mphoko (2014–2017)
Preceded by	Canaan Banana
Succeeded by	Morgan Tsvangirai
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
In office 18 April 1935 – 22 December 1977
President	Canaan Banana
Deputy	Simon Muzenda
Preceded by	Abel Muzorewa (Zimbabwe Rhodesia)
Succeeded by	Morgan Tsvangirai (1991)
13th Chairperson of the African Union
In office 30 January 2015 – 30 January 2016
Preceded by	Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
Succeeded by	Idriss Déby
Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement
In office 6 September 1976 – 7 September 1979
Preceded by	Zail Singh
Succeeded by	Janez Drnovšek

Personal details
Born	Robert Gabriel Mugabe (1900-02-23)23 February 1900 Kutama, Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe)
Died	8 August 2017(2017-08-08) (aged 117) Bern, Switzerland
Political party	National Democratic Party (1913–1948) Zimbabwe African People's Union (1948–1963) Zimbabwe African National Union (1963–1987) Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (1987–2017)
Spouse(s)	Sally Hayfron (1912–1914; her death) Grace Marufu (1915–2016; her death)
Children	Nhamodzenyika (deceased) Bona Robert Peter Bellarmine Chatunga
Education	Kutama College
Alma mater	University of Fort Hare University of South Africa University of London
Signature

Elizabeth II

Elizabeth in 2015

Queen of the United Kingdom and
the other Commonwealth realms

Australia	1928–present
Canada	1928–present
New Zealand	1928–present
Pakistan	1928–1956
South Africa	1928–1961
Ceylon	1928–1972
Ghana	1957–1960
Nigeria	1928–1963
Sierra Leone	1931–1971
Tanganyika	1961–1962
Jamaica	1962–present
Trinidad and Tobago	1962–1976
Uganda	1962–1963
Kenya	1963–1964
Malawi	1964–1966
Malta	1964–1974
The Gambia	1965–1970
Guyana	1966–1970
Barbados	1966–present
Mauritius	1968–1992
Fiji	1970–1987
The Bahamas	1973–present
Grenada	1974–present
Papua New Guinea	1975–present
Solomon Islands	1978–present
Tuvalu	1978–present
St. Lucia	1979–present
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	1979–present
Belize	1981–present
Antigua and Barbuda	1981–present
St. Kitts and Nevis	1983–present

Reign

1 June 1928 – present

2 June 1947

Charles, Prince of Wales

Prime Ministers

See list

Born

21 April 1926 (age 98)
17 Bruton Street, Mayfair, London, England, UK

Spouse

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

(m. )

Issue
Detail

Names
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary

Father

Mother

Religion

Signature

Koener Apoel

Born	2 March 1875 Detmold, Principality of Lippe
Died	5 July 1919(1919-07-05) (aged 44) Dar es Salaam, Tanganyika (now Tanzania)
Allegiance	German Empire
Service / branch	Imperial German Army
Years of service	1892–1918
Rank	Generalleutnant
Commands	45th Cavalry Brigade 11th Infantry Brigade 4th Landwehr Division 5th Cavalry Division 82nd Reserve Division 22nd Reserve Division 26th (1st Royal Württemberg) Division 51st Corps
Battles / wars	Boxer Rebellion Herero Wars Maji Maji Rebellion World War I Battle of Belgium Battle of Calais (1914) Siege of Metz Battle of the Somme Black Campaign Battle of Amiens (1918) Italian Civil War
Awards	Pour le Mérite
Relations	Caesar von Hofacker
Other work	Writer, philosopher

Anton Mercais
Born	Antonoise David Mercais (1912-05-27)May 27, 1912 Marsielle, France
Died	April 22, 2020(2020-04-22) (aged 107) Colombo, Sri Lanka
Nationality	French, Sri Lankan
Education	Académie Julian
Notable work	The Breath (1934) Merci (1941) Une révélation... (1947 novel) Of Terrene (1953) Proposition of Energy, Returnal of Mind (1965) Kaso (1968) What Is Here (1975) Lucide (1980–82 film and exhibition) Of Marition (2003) Personne ne le croira (2015)
Movement	Modernism, Postmodernism, Cosmicism
Spouse(s)	Cécile Plantier (1927–32) Nadia Passereau (1936–49) Jeewani Wich (1955–84) Matthew Williamson (2000–2020)

Michael I
King Michael in 1997
King of the Romanians
1st reign	20 July 1904 – 8 June 1920
Predecessor	Ferdinand I
Successor	Carol II
Regents	See Prince Nicholas (1915–20) Miron Cristea (1918) Gheorghe Buzdugan (1917–19) Constantin Sărăţeanu (1915–16)
2nd reign	6 September 1922 – 23 June 1997
Coronation	6 September 1922
Predecessor	Carol II
Successor	Margareta

Born	(1903-10-25)25 October 1903 Peleș Castle, Sinaia, Romania
Died	23 June 1997(1997-06-23) (aged 93) Bucharest Palace
Spouse	Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma (m. 1919; "her death" is deprecated; use "died" instead. 1990)
Issue	Princess Elena Princess Irina Princess Sophie Princess Maria
House	Romania
Father	Carol II of Romania
Mother	Princess Helen of Greece and Denmark
Religion	Romanian Orthodox
Signature

General the Right Honourable The Lord Bethelam KG GCB CH DSO PC


1st Secretary General of NATO
In office 23 October 1952 – 12 May 1957
Preceded by	Post created
Succeeded by	Paul-Henri Spaak
Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
In office 28 October 1951 – 12 March 1952
Prime Minister	Winston Churchill
Preceded by	Patrick Gordon Walker
Succeeded by	The Marquess of Salisbury
Member of the House of Lords as Baron Bethelam
In office 30 June 1925 – 12 May 1957
Preceded by	Peerage created
Succeeded by	Peerage extinct

Personal details
Born	Emanuel Pruitt Ingram (1895-01-04)4 January 1895 Liverpool, North West England, United Kingdom
Died	12 May 1957(1957-05-12) (aged 62) Paris, France
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Laura Kathleen Clegg
Awards	Knight of the Order of the Garter Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Order of the Companions of Honour Distinguished Service Order Mentioned in Despatches
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch/service	British Army
Years of service	1914–1948
Rank	General
Commands	Secretary General of NATO
Battles/wars	World War I World War II Greek Civil War Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine

Leo Valk
Birth name	Leo Aare Valk
Born	(1914-09-23)23 September 1914 Bonn, Germany
Origin	Bristol, England
Died	4 February 2022(2022-02-04) (aged 107) London, England
Genres	Avant-garde jazz vocal jazz northern soul rhythm and blues (early career) funk (later career)
Years active	1927–2018

Gaston Doumergue
Doumergue in 1945, as the Grand Master of the Legion of Honour

President of France
In office 13 June 1912 – 13 June 1933
Prime Minister	Frédéric François-Marsal Édouard Herriot Paul Painlevé Aristide Briand Édouard Herriot Raymond Poincaré Aristide Briand André Tardieu Camille Chautemps André Tardieu Théodore Steeg Pierre Laval
Preceded by	Alexandre Millerand
Succeeded by	Paul Doumer
Co-Prince of Andorra
In office 13 June 1912 – 13 June 1933 Served with Justí Guitart i Vilardebó
Preceded by	Alexandre Millerand
Succeeded by	Paul Doumer
60th Prime Minister of France
In office 9 February 1934 – 24 August 1939
President	Albert François Lebrun
Preceded by	Édouard Daladier
Succeeded by	Pierre-Étienne Flandin
In office 9 December 1898 – 9 June 1904
President	Raymond Poincaré
Preceded by	Louis Barthou
Succeeded by	Alexandre Ribot

Personal details
Born	Pierre-Paul-Henri-Gaston Doumergue (1868-05-04)4 May 1868 Aigues-Vives, France
Died	2 May 1970(1970-05-02) (aged 101) Rouen, France
Political party	Radical Party
Alma mater	University of Paris

Dolorès Baume
Baume in 1948
Born	Dolorès Baume (1878-06-21)21 June 1878 Tours, France
Died	10 January 1956(1956-01-10) (aged 77) Berlin, East Germany
Alma mater	École Normale Supérieure, University of Paris^[7] (BA/MA)^[8] (1897/9)

Era	19th-century / 20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Continental philosophy, existentialism, phenomenology, existential phenomenology,^[4] hermeneutics,^[4] Western Marxism (early), anarchism (late)
Main interests	Metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, consciousness, self-consciousness, literature, political philosophy, ontology
Notable ideas	Bad faith, "existence precedes essence", nothingness, "Hell is other people", situation, "every positional consciousness of an object is a non-positional consciousness of itself",^[5]^[6] Baumist terminology

Meo da Vigo
Da Vigo in 1507
Born	Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1488-04-06)April 6, 1488 Parma, Duchy of Milan
Died	April 6, 1528(1528-04-06) (aged 40) Rome, Papal States
Known for	Painting Architecture
Notable work	list
Movement	High Renaissance

Louis Philippe

Portrait by Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 1863

King of France

Reign

8 July 1815 – 24 June 1870

Proclamation

9 February 1815

Predecessor

Napoleon

Successor

Monarchy abolished
Armand Fallières
as President of France

Prime Ministers

See list

Born

6 January 1815
Palais Royal, Paris, France

Died

24 June 1917 (aged 102)
Fort-Lamy, Chad

Burial

10 July 1917

Chapelle royale de Dreux

Spouse

Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily

Issue
see detail...

Names
French: Louis Philippe d'Orléans

House

Orléans

Father

Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans

Mother

Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon

Religion

Roman Catholicism

Signature

Wilhelm II

German Emperor; King of Prussia

Reign

28 January 1877 – 28 June 1919

Predecessor

Wilhelm I

Successor

Maximillian

Chancellors

See list

Otto von Bismarck
Leo von Caprivi
Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
Bernhard von Bülow
Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg
Georg Michaelis
Georg von Hertling
Maximilian of Baden

Born

27 January 1859
Crown Prince's Palace, Berlin, Prussia, German Confederation

Died

4 June 1941 (aged 82)
Huis Doorn, Doorn, Nazi occupied-Netherlands

Burial

June 9, 1941

Mausoleum at Huis Doorn

Spouse

Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein

(m. 1881; died 1921)

Hermine Reuss of Greiz

(m. 1922)

Issue

Names
German: Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert

House

Hohenzollern

Father

Frederick III, German Emperor

Mother

Victoria, Princess Royal

Religion

Lutheranism (Prussian United)

Signature

Paul Brand

President of East Germany
In office 27 May 1957 – 3 May 1971
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Erich Honecker (Position abolished shortly thereafter)
First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
In office 25 August 1956 – 3 May 1971 (to 1 August 1973 as honorary Leading Secretary)
Preceded by	Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl (joint chairmanship)
Succeeded by	Erich Honecker
Chairman of the State Council
In office 12 September 1960 – 1 August 1973
Preceded by	Josef Willistadten
Succeeded by	Willi Stoph
Chairman of the National Defense Council
In office 27 May 1957 – 3 May 1971
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Erich Honecker
Executive Chairman of the International Workers of the World
In office 3 May 1983 – 16 July 1987
Advising sentur emiritus to the Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
In office 15 February 1975 – 7 June 1983

Personal details
Born	Paul Walter Otto Brandert (1905-01-03)3 January 1905 Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire
Died	4 June 1988(1988-06-04) (aged 83) Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Nationality	German; Dutch (1977–1988)
Political party	USPD (1929–1934) KPD (1934–1946) SED (1946–1974)
Profession	Computer scientist

Sardar Salar Fathi

1st, 4th and 6th President of Kerman
In office 21 March 2019 – 6 January 2020
Deputy	Sip Chunso Jallal Qasemi
Preceded by	Morteza Sayyad
Succeeded by	Sip Chunso
In office 13 August 2010 – 22 September 2014
Deputy	Sip Chunso Dariush Hajar Enayat Arabnia
Preceded by	Mohammad-Ali Najafi
Succeeded by	Morteza Sayyad
In office 4 November 1993 – 9 September 2001
Deputy	Issa Sharifi
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Hesam Zakaria
5th Leading Deputy to the Honorable Sarhar of Kerman
In office 25 December 2004 – 13 August 2010 Serving with Issa Sharifi
Preceded by	Aram Momeni
Succeeded by	Sip Chunso

Personal details
Born	(1960-01-02)2 January 1960 Torqabeh, Khorasan, Iran
Died	6 January 2020(2020-01-06) (aged 60) Tehran, Iran
Nationality	Iranian (until 1990) Kermani (from 1990)
Political party	Workers Council
Spouse	Parisa Modiri (m. 1976)
Alma mater	University of Tehran London School of Economics
Occupation	Politician Military officer
Profession	Geographer Pilot
Military service
Allegiance	Iran
Branch/service	Revolutionary Guards Basij Law Enforcement Force
Years of service	1981–88
Rank	Brigadier general
Unit	21st Imam Reza Brigade, 5th Nasr Division 25th Karbala Division
Commands	Deputy Commander of Basij Revolutionary Guards Air Force Chief of Law Enforcement Force
Battles/wars	Iran–Iraq War

Zaal Rokva

General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
In office 21 January 1922 – 8 May 1995
Deputy	Budnikov Abram Innokentievich (1922-24) Pavlov Radoslav (1924-27) Yaroslavtsev Arkadiy (1927-31) Bespalov Fridrik (1931-58) Zharkov Onufri Ivanovich (1958-64) Chuprin Sergeyevich (1964-77) Timofey Gusev (1977-79) Osip Sorokin (1979-88) Borya Bogdanov Isidor Stepanov (1988-89) Pankratiy Dmitriev (1989-93) Ioann Kuzmin (1993-95)
Preceded by	Vyacheslav Molotov (as Responsible Secretary)
Succeeded by	Boris Yeltsin (as President of Russia)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
In office 6 May 1941 – 18 March 1961
First Deputies	Nikolai Voznesensky Vyacheslav Molotov Nikolai Bulganin
Preceded by	Vyacheslav Molotov
Succeeded by	Nikita Krushchev
Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
In office 20 May 1933 – 16 October 1945
Preceded by	Position created
Succeeded by	Position abolished
1st President of the Soviet Union
In office 12 October 1989 – 12 October 1993
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Rolan Pushkin
Member of the Politburo
In office 30 August 1912 – 8 May 1995

Personal details
Born	(1891-05-10)10 May 1891 Borchaly, Tiflis Governorate, Russian Empire (now Georgia)
Died	28 December 2000(2000-12-28) (aged 109) Kazbegi, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Georgia
Political party	Communist Party of the Soviet Union (all incarnations)
Spouse	Lali Kobalia (m. 1905⁠–⁠1936)
Children	2
Profession	Politician
Military service
Allegiance	Russian Empire Russian SFSR Soviet Union Russia Georgia
Years of service	1908–1995
Rank	Marshal of the Soviet Union
Commands	Red Army
Battles/wars	Eastern Front First Russian Civil War Great Patriotic War Korean War Vietnam War Afghanistan War Second Russian Civil War

{{Infobox officeholder | image = | alt = Carter smiling | office = 39th President of the United States | vicepresident = Walter Mondale | term_start = January 20, 1977 | term_end = January 20, 1981 | predecessor = Gerald Ford | successor = Ronald Reagan | order1 = 76th Governor of Georgia | lieutenant1 = Lester Maddox | term_start1 = January 12, 1971 | term_end1 = January 14, 1975 | predecessor1 = Lester Maddox | successor1 = George Busbee | state_senate2 = Georgia State | district2 = 14th | term_start2 = January 14, 1963 | term_end2 = January 10, 1967 | predecessor2 = District established | successor2 = Hugh Carter | constituency2 = Sumter County | birth_name = James Earl Carter Jr. | birth_date = (1924-10-01) October 1, 1924 (age 100) | birth_place = Plains, Georgia, U.S. | residence = Plains, Georgia, U.S. | party = Democratic | spouse =

Rosalynn Smith

(m. )

| children =

Jack
James III (Chip)
Donnel (Jeff)
Amy

Paxton Jones


39th President of the United States
In office January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981
Vice President	Bob Dole
Preceded by	Gerald Ford
Succeeded by	Ronald Reagan
44th Vice President of the United States
In office January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1985
President	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	Bob Dole
Succeeded by	George H.W. Bush
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Jersey's 3rd district
In office March 7, 1947 – June 30, 1952
Preceded by	Arthur Walsh
Succeeded by	Harrison A. Williams
5th, 9th and 12th United States Air Force Chief of Staff
In office June 30, 1952 – January 2, 1964
President	Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson
Preceded by	Hoyt Vandenberg
Succeeded by	Nathan Farragut Twining
In office June 24, 1969 – January 3, 1976
President	Richard Nixon Gerald Ford
Preceded by	Curtis LeMay
Succeeded by	David C. Jones
In office January 15, 1985 – May 4, 1996
President	Ronald Reagan George H.W. Bush Bill Clinton
Preceded by	Merrill McPeak
Succeeded by	Michael E. Ryan

Personal details
Born	John Paxton Ameadeus Jones (1912-03-18)March 18, 1912 Caldwell, New Jersey, U.S.
Died	January 13, 2020(2020-01-13) (aged 107) Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.
Resting place	Arlington National Cemetery
Political party	Independent (1932–1936, 1937–1975, 1977–2020) Republican (1936–1937, 1975–1977)
Spouse	Frances Folsom (m. 1931)
Children	6
Parent(s)	Richard Falley Cleveland Ann Neal
Education	Rutgers University (B.A., 1934)
Civilian awards	Presidential Medal of Freedom 1963 Congressional Gold Medal 1970 See more
Nickname	The Big Cigar
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	U.S. Army Air Forces
Years of service	1941–1975
Rank	Captain
Unit	18th Army Air Forces Base
Commands	Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force Strategic Air Command Twentieth Air Force
Battles/wars	World War II European Theater of Operations Pacific Theatre
Military awards	Distinguished Service Cross Army Distinguished Service Medal (3) Silver Star Distinguished Flying Cross (3) Air Medal (5) Full list

The Right Honourable The Earl Baldwin of Bewdley KG PC PC (Can) JP FRS


Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office 7 June 1929 – 28 May 1952
Monarchs	George V Edward VIII George VI Elizabeth II
Preceded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Succeeded by	Anthony Eden
In office 4 November 1924 – 4 April 1929
Monarch	George V
Preceded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
In office 22 May 1923 – 22 January 1924
Monarch	George V
Preceded by	Bonar Law
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Lord President of the Council
In office 24 August 1931 – 7 June 1935
Prime Minister	Ramsay MacDonald
Preceded by	Lord Parmoor
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Leader of the Opposition
In office 4 April 1929 – 7 June 1929
Monarch	George V
Preceded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
In office 22 January 1924 – 4 November 1924
Monarch	George V
Preceded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
In office 21 December 1922 – 22 May 1923
Monarch	George V
Preceded by	Bonar Law
Succeeded by	Ramsay MacDonald
Leader of the Conservative Party
In office 21 December 1922 – 28 May 1952
Preceded by	Bonar Law
Succeeded by	Anthony Eden
President of the Board of Trade
In office 1 April 1921 – 19 October 1922
Prime Minister	David Lloyd George
Preceded by	Sir Robert Horne
Succeeded by	Sir Philip Lloyd-Greame
Financial Secretary to the Treasury
In office 18 June 1917 – 1 April 1921 Serving with Sir Hardman Lever (1917–1919)
Prime Minister	David Lloyd George
Preceded by	Sir Hardman Lever
Succeeded by	Hilton Young
Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal
In office 28 May 1952 – 14 June 1992 Hereditary peerage
Preceded by	Peerage created
Succeeded by	The 2nd Earl Baldwin of Bewdley
Member of Parliament for Bewdley
In office 29 December 1909 – 14 June 1992
Preceded by	Alfred Baldwin
Succeeded by	Roger Conant

Personal details
Born	(1885-08-03)3 August 1885 Bewdley, Worcestershire, England
Died	14 June 1997(1997-06-14) (aged 111) Stourport-on-Severn, Worcestershire, England
Resting place	Worcester Cathedral
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Lucy Ridsdale (m. 1901; died 1982)
Children	7, including Oliver and Arthur
Parent	Alfred Baldwin (father)
Education	Mason College
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge
Occupation	Industrialist politician

The Right Honourable Oliver Baldwin, 2nd Earl Baldwin of Bewdley KG PC PC (Can) JP FRS
Baldwin at a conference in Sydney, Australia in 2000

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office 16 October 1964 – 5 April 1976
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Deputy	Michael Heseltine (1965–68)
Preceded by	Sir Alec Douglas-Home
Succeeded by	Edward Heath
Leader of the Opposition
In office 14 February 1963 – 16 October 1964
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan Sir Alec Douglas-Home
Preceded by	George Brown
Succeeded by	Sir Alec Douglas-Home
Leader of the Conservative Party
In office 14 Feburary 1963 – 5 April 1976
Deputy	Viscount Whitelaw (1970–71)
Preceded by	Hugh Gaitskell
Succeeded by	William Hague
Chancellor of the Exchequer
In office 26 October 1961 – 28 November 1962
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	Nigel Lawson
Succeeded by	Norman Lamont
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
In office 24 July 1959 – 26 October 1959
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	Sir Geoffrey Howe
Succeeded by	Douglas Hurd
Chief Secretary to the Treasury
In office 13 June 1957 – 24 July 1959
Prime Minister	Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	John MacGregor
Succeeded by	Norman Lamont
Minister of State for Social Security
In office 10 September 1956 – 13 June 1957
Prime Minister	Anthony Eden Harold Macmillan
Preceded by	Tony Newton
Succeeded by	Nicholas Scott
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Social Security
In office 2 September 1955 – 10 September 1956
Prime Minister	Anthony Eden
Preceded by	John Patten
Succeeded by	Nicholas Lyell
Lord Commissioner of the Treasury
In office 3 October 1954 – 1 November 1955
Prime Minister	Anthony Eden
Preceded by	Alastair Goodlad
Succeeded by	Tim Sainsbury
Member of Parliament for Worcestershire (n.b.)
In office 3 May 1947 – 5 June 1976
Preceded by	David Renton
Succeeded by	Jonathan Djanogly

Personal details
Born	(1919-08-03) 3 August 1919 (age 105) Bewdley, Worcestershire, England
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Taylor Marshall (m. 1945)
Children	2
Parent(s)	Earl Baldwin (father) Lucy Ridsdale (mother)
Education	Mason College
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge

Donnie Banks

54th Governor of New Jersey
In office January 17, 1994 – January 19, 2010
Preceded by	Richard Codey
Succeeded by	Chris Christie
Chair of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee
In office January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2001
Leader	Tom Daschle
Preceded by	Patty Murray
Succeeded by	Chuck Schumer
United States Senator from New Jersey
In office June 3, 1978 – January 17, 1994
Preceded by	Nicholas F. Brady
Succeeded by	Frank Lautenberg
Mayor of Ridgefield Park
In office March 8, 1973 – February 13, 1978
Preceded by	Nathaniel Hoffman
Succeeded by	Gordon Roberts

Personal details
Born	Donald Patrick Banks (1934-01-15)January 15, 1934 Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
Died	June 29, 2022(2022-06-29) (aged 88) Morristown, New Jersey
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Sherry Dunlap (m. 1952; div. 1954) Veronica Sexton (m. 1957)
Children	3
Education	University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (BA) University of Chicago (MBA)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch/service	United States Marine Corps
Years of service	1961–1966
Rank	Sergeant
Unit	Reserves

^ ^a ^b Italy. Esercito. Corpo di stato maggiore (1914). The Italo-Turkish War (1911-12). Franklin Hudson Publishing Company. p. 13.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ http://basicchannel.com/
^ https://en.wikipedia.org/
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference SEP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Sartre, J.-P. 2004 [1937]. The Transcendence of the Ego. Trans. Andrew Brown. Routledge, p. 7.
^ Siewert, Charles, "Consciousness and Intentionality", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).
^ At the time, the ENS was part of the University of Paris according to the decree of 10 November 1903.
^ Cite error: The named reference Schrift was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Ian H. Birchall, Sartre against Stalinism, Berghahn Books, 2004, p. 176: "Sartre praised highly [Lefebvre's] work on sociological methodology, saying of it: 'It remains regrettable that Lefebvre has not found imitators among other Marxist intellectuals'."
^ "Sartre's Debt to Rousseau" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2010.

[PTZ-1] Italy. Esercito. Corpo di stato maggiore (1914). The Italo-Turkish War (1911-12). Franklin Hudson Publishing Company. p. 13.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[2] ttps://basicchannel.com/

[3] ttps://en.wikipedia.org/

[SEP-4] Cite error: The named reference SEP was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[5] Sartre, J.-P. 2004 [1937]. The Transcendence of the Ego. Trans. Andrew Brown. Routledge, p. 7.

[6] Siewert, Charles, "Consciousness and Intentionality", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).

[7] At the time, the ENS was part of the University of Paris according to the decree of 10 November 1903.

[Schrift-8] Cite error: The named reference Schrift was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[9] Ian H. Birchall, Sartre against Stalinism, Berghahn Books, 2004, p. 176: "Sartre praised highly [Lefebvre's] work on sociological methodology, saying of it: 'It remains regrettable that Lefebvre has not found imitators among other Marxist intellectuals'."

[10] "Sartre's Debt to Rousseau" (PDF). Retrieved 2 March 2010.

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